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US History > Postwar America > Flashcards

Postwar America Flashcards

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1
Q

4 zones of Germany

A

France, England, US, Soviets
later consolidated into East - Soviets
West - France, US, UK
Berlin divided

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2
Q

Efforts at stabilization in Japan

A

New constitution written
Democratic government set up
Abolished army and navy
General McArthur effectively rules Japan

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3
Q

When was the UN founded

A

1945

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4
Q

Structure of UN

A

General assembly - all countries
Security council - 15 countries
5 permanent members of council with veto power over general assembly

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5
Q

5 permanent members of security council

A 
US
USSR
China
France
UK
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6
Q

Cold War

A

State of political and economic hostility between countries, characterized by the threat of all-out war
Competition of global power

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7
Q

America and Russia’s not war

A

Actively worked against each other’s interests

Capitalism versus communism

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8
Q

Russian political motivations

A

Buffer of “friendly” satellite nations around Russia
Establish a warm water port
Spread communism

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9
Q

American strategies to prevent Soviet expansion

A

Marshall plan

Truman doctrine

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10
Q

What was the Marshall plan

A

Rebuild Europe

$17 billion in economic aid

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11
Q

What was the Truman doctrine

A

Pledge to support any countries threatened by conquest or containing communism

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12
Q

Berlin airlift

A

Soviets block roads from west Germany to West Berlin 1948
Cut off food and fuel
Western leaders dropped 2 million tons of food and supplies by planes for 10 months

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13
Q

What led to Korean War

A

North and South Korea set up different governments 1948
Border of 38th parallel
US fears northern communists will take over south
Builds up South Korean army

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14
Q

Korean War

A 
1950
UN Security Council calls for cease fire
Brands North Korea aggressor
Truman supports South Korea
Sends American troops
McArthur commands US force
Drove NK. Back, but forced back by combined Chinese and North Korean force
Defensive line set up at 38th parallel
Armistice 1953
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15
Q

Eisenhower’s slogan

A

I like Ike

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16
Q

Eisenhower’s promise

A

End Korean War and fight communism

17
Q

How did Eisenhower fight communism

A

CIA - promoted diplomatic ends

18
Q

Suez crisis

A

1956
US denies financial aid to build a dam in Egypt
Soviets offer instead
Egypt takes over Suez Canal (nationalized)
Gamal Abdel Nasser refused to allow Israeli ships through
Israel attacks - captures Sinai peninsula
UN demands cease fire
Eisenhower offers military aid to nations resisting communist aggression

19
Q

Points about Eisenhower era

A

Workplace changes
Highway act 1956
Suburban migration
TV’s golden age

20
Q

Workplace changes

A

Automation increases productivity

Reduced number of manufacturing jobs

21
Q

Highway act of 1956

A

Expanded the nation’s highway system

Commuting easier

22
Q

Suburban migration

A

Americans leave inner city to live in suburbs
Planned communities
Baby boom

23
Q

Baby boom

A

Massive increase in birth rate across the country during the 1950s
30 million babies

24
Q

TV’s golden age

A

Popular form of entertainment in 1950s

I love Lucy

25
Q

Rock’n’roll

A

New type of music in the 50s
Popular among teenagers
Combined blues with upbeat rhythms
Elvis

26
Q

Elvis

A

1935-1977
Love fd gospel and blues music growing up
Moved from Tupelo, MS to Memphis TN
Influenced by African American musicians

27
Q

Elvis’s first major record

A

That’s all right, mama

28
Q

Controversy about Elvis

A

Adults disliked Rock’n’roll

29
Q

What are american’s anxious about

A

Nuclear war

30
Q

Space programs

A

Russia launches 1st artificial satellite in orbit 1957 - Sputnik
Americans fear US is falling behind
National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1958

31
Q

Senator Joseph McCarthy

A 
Accused thousands of Americans of being communists
Claimed to have a list of names
Ruined reputations
Caught no spies
Like a gangster in a B movie
No sense of decency
32
Q

1960 campaign

A

JFK vs. Nixon
First TV debate
Americans find JFK attractive and Nixon sweaty
Kennedy (43) wins

33
Q

JFK policy

A

Did not want to rely on threat of nuclear weapons to block communist expansion
Preferred a flexible response
Founded peace corps
Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country

34
Q

Cuban missile crisis

A

Fidel Castro took over Cuba 1959 supported by Soviets
Bay of pigs
Missiles of October

35
Q

Bay of pigs

A

Us organized expedition to overthrow Fidel Castro
Anti Castro Cuban refugees trained by CIA
Kennedy called off air support - disaster

36
Q

Missiles of October

A

October 1962
Castro requests defensive aid from Soviets
Soviets comply and send nuclear missiles
U2 spy plane IDs ballistic missile launch pads in Cuba
2 minutes to strike US cities
Soviets ships confronted by American blockade
Soviet military advisers armed missiles in Cuba, turn back
Closest to nuclear war

37
Q

JFK assassination

A 
November 1963
Dallas
Campaign for 1964 election
Open car motorcade
Lee Harvey Oswald
LBJ new president
Jack Ruby shot Oswald in public
Warren commission investigates with zap ruder film
38
Q

Efforts at stabilization after WWII

A

Nazi Party dismantled and outlawed

Germany divided into 4 zones

US History (13 decks)

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