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US History > Holocaust Terms > Flashcards

Holocaust Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Antisemitism

A

Attitudes or actions based on a dislike or hostility towards Jews

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2
Q

History of Semitic

A

Originally linguistic term for people who spoke a Semitic language
Biological meaning made it apply to Jews alone
Some say should be hyphenated because not against Semites, but Jews

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3
Q

Arbeit macht frei

A

Work makes you free
On auschwitz gates
Intended to deceive prisoners about camp’s function

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4
Q

Aryan race

A

Originally applied to people who spoke an Indo European language
Biological meaning - blond and blue eyes
Native to Northern Europe

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5
Q

Nazi goal

A

Purify rayan race by removing “biological pollutants” and prevent “Bastardation of race”

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6
Q

Bystanders

A

Anyone who is neither perpetrator nor victim

Indifference and apathy to the suffering of others, without getting involved

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7
Q

Collaborator

A

Anyone not part of German administration that perpetuated the crimes, but who cooperated and took part in them

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8
Q

Concentration camps

A

Established by Nazis soon after assumption of power

Intended to terrorize population and imprison all enemies of regime

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9
Q

Enemies of Nazi regime

A 
Actual and potential political opponents
Communists
Socialists
Monarchists
Jehovah's witnesses
Gypsies
Homosexuals
A socials
J
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10
Q

Jews in camps

A

Targeted for internment and treated more harshly, but small minority of prisoners until 1938, when they were arrested because they were Jews

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11
Q

First three camps and their locations

A

Dachau - Munich
Buchenwald - Weimar
Sachsenhausen - Berlin

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12
Q

Crematorium

A

Building connected to the gas chambers where corpses were incinerated for disposal

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13
Q

Death march

A

Forced march of long columns of prisoners from camps in Poland and Eastern Europe toward Germany for the purpose of avoiding the red army invading from the east and so preventing liberation
Guarded long distance walks early 1945, little food, clothes, or proper shoes
Many died or were killed

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14
Q

Deportation

A

Expulsion of undesirable population from a given territory due to religious or ethnic discrimination, political, strategic, or ideological considerations, or a combination

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15
Q

Discrimination

A

Sociological term
Treatment toward or against a person of a certain group in consideration based solely on class or category
Actual behavior toward another group
Excluding or restricting members of one group from opportunities available to other groups

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16
Q

Extermination camps

A

Nazi camps for the mass killing of Jews and some others
Gypsies, Russian prisoners, ill prisoners
All in Poland

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17
Q

Name extermination camps

A 
Auschwitz-Birkenau
Belzec
Chelmno
Majdanek
Sobibor
Treblinka
18
Q

Final solution

A

Formally enunciated at the Wannsee conference on January 20, 1942
Plan to systematically murder all Jews in Europe rather than follow previous policy of forced emigration

19
Q

Fuhrer

A

Leader

Adopted by hitler as title after hindenburg’s death

20
Q

Gas chambers l

A

Rage rooms which would be sealed

Pellets of poison gas or carbon monoxide would be introduced to kill everyone in the room

21
Q

Genocide

A

Deliberate and systematic destruction of a religious, racial, national, or cultural group

22
Q

Gestapo

A

Nazi secret police

23
Q

Ghetto

A

Introduced in medieval times to force separation of Jews and Christians
Protected Jews from outbursts of anti-semitism
Different and intended to isolate Jews as if they were contagious and then eliminated them, mostly in Eastern Europe
Overcrowded, starvation, forced labor
All eventually destroyed ass Jews deported to death camps

24
Q

Indifference

A

Having or showing no interest or concern
Apathetic
Unmoved

25
Q

Kapo

A

Prisoner in charge of a group of inmates in Nazi camps

26
Q

Kinder transport

A

Program allowed after many negotiations and a lot of fees

Jewish children to be sent from Germany, Austria, and parts of Czechoslovakia to the UK before the war

27
Q

Kristallnacht

A

Night of the broken glass
Pogrom unleashed by Nazis on November 9-10, 1938
Germany and Austria
Over 1400 synagogues and other Jewish institutions burned
7000 Jewish stores destroyed and contents looted
30000 Jewish men sent to camps
Excuse was assassination of Ernst Vom Rath in Paris by Jewish teenager whose parents had been deported

28
Q

Lebensraum

A

Living space
Discussed in mein kampf volume 1
Hitler’s obsession with new land from Eastern Europe at the expense of other nations

29
Q

Liberation

A

Being freed from ghettos and camps

Allied soldiers

30
Q

Mein kampf

A

My struggle
Hitler’s autobiography written while in prison for failed Beer Hall Putsch 1923 to take over government
Propounds racist ideology and plans for future
Superior Aryan race has right to lebensraum in the east, which is inhabited by inferior Slavs
Accuses Jews of being the source of all evil, equating them with Bolshevism and international capitalism

31
Q

Nazi

A

Abbreviated
Hitler’s political party
the National Socialist German Worker’s Party

32
Q

Nuremberg trials

A

Military tribunals held by Allies
Prosecution of prominent members of political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany
in Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany in 1945-1946 at the Palace of Justice

33
Q

Perpetrator

A

Anyone who actively participated in the persecution

34
Q

Prejudice

A

Preconceived belief, opinion, or judgment made without recourse to reason
Drawing typically instead upon received information or instinctual preference
Preconceived judgment toward people or person because of race, social class, gender, ethnicity, age, disability, political beliefs, religion, sexual orientation, or other personal characteristics
Priori beliefs without knowledge of facts
Any unreasonable attitude that is unusually resistant to rational influence

35
Q

Propaganda

A

Systematic propagation of doctrine or cause or information reflecting views and interests of those advocating it
Material disseminated by advocates or opponents of doctrine or cause

36
Q

Rescuer

A

Anyone who aided and assisted the victims to avoid or escape persecution

37
Q

Resistance

A

Underground organization engaged in struggle for national liberation in a country under military or totalitarian occupation

38
Q

SS

A 
Defense protective units
Schutzstaffel
Originated from the SA to be Hitler's personal bodyguard
Vast organization and military force
Black uniforms
Fought on battlefield
Led destruction of Jews
39
Q

Star of David

A

Yellow

Used by Nazis as a method of identifying Jews

40
Q

Up stander

A

Someone opposite of bystander

Speaks up and takes action against tyranny, abuse, or persecution

41
Q

Zyklon b

A

Trade name for Prussic acid, the chemical agent used to release poison gas in the gas chambers

42
Q

Anschluss

A

German for Union

Annexation of Austria by Germany on March 13, 1938

US History (13 decks)

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