WW1 Flashcards

1
Q

“War is the locomotive of history”-Trotsky

A

War was to divide Italy completely and create conditions needed for Fascism to flourish.

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2
Q

“Radiant May”

A

May 1915- Italy’s entry into WW1

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3
Q

What was the war like for Italy?

A

Generally trench stalemate- periods of inactivity- with Austria

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4
Q

Battle of Caporetto

A

Oct 1917

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5
Q

Who was in charge of BoC and subsequently sacked?

A

General Cadorna

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6
Q

What happened at Caporetto?

A
  • defeated by Austrians
  • 300k Italian POWs
  • 40k Italians dead
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7
Q

What was the defeat at Caporetto attributed to?

A

low morale

Govt promises major reforms once war is over

Expectations raised

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8
Q

Battle of Vittorio Veneto

A

Oct 1918

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9
Q

What happened at BoVV?

A

Italy HELPS allies defeat the AH which was on the EDGE of disintegrating anyway.

  • 300k POWs taken
  • 5000 guns seized.
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10
Q

Outcome of Vittorio Veneto?

A

Italians believe they deserve major rewards for their success

EXPECTATIONS RAISED

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11
Q

Most of the soldiers were?

A

S peasant conscripts- didn’t understand the war

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12
Q

Why were the S peasant conscripts resentful of the industrialists?

A

They were needed at home to man the factories. Called them shirkers.

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13
Q

What undermined morale among soldiers?

A
  • Low rations
  • Low pay (1 lira per day)
  • lack of modern equipment
  • 1000s killed by cholera, typhus and frostbite
  • poor leadership: Cadorna- had no sympathy for soldiers.
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14
Q

How many were conscripted?

A

5 M

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15
Q

How many offensives in 2 1/2 years?

A

11 (NOTHING)

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16
Q

What was the maximum advance made by the Italian armies?

A

12 miles

17
Q

How many Italians killed in WW1?

A

600k (1M injured)

18
Q

What was the govt like in war time?

A
  • their powers increased; parlt was just a rubber stamp

- not v. democratic

19
Q

What did the PSI encourage?

A

“neither support nor sabotage”

20
Q

What did the Pope criticise?

A

“useless slaughter” (sympathised with Catholic Austria)

21
Q

How much was spent on the war?

A

148B lire

22
Q

What did the national debt increase to?

A

16B before war

85B after war

23
Q

How much did the price index raise?

A

before war: 100

after war: c.400

24
Q

Who benefitted from the war?

A

Industrialists with big maritime contracts