Giolitti Flashcards
what did Salvemini call GG?
“master of the underworld”
What was Giolittismo?
Proved himself to be a master of the political system.
Like Crispi and Depretis, he was a manipulator but unlike them knew what was needed to restore Italy.
How did GG aim to unite Italy?
1) Reduce class differences
2) Balancing the demands of various political and social groups.
How did GG aim to balance to balance the demands of various political and social groups?
sought the cooperation of the socialists and catholics and showed a willingness to work with other PPs and adopt their ideals.
Thus drawing them to the centre ground of Italian politics.
Why was GG a contradiction?
used corrupt means to achieve his liberal aims- “Giolittismo”
What happened in 1904?
GG sparingly involved the military to deal with a general strike (to avoid public hostility).
Used the occasion to appeal to Italians to reject pol extremism.
Even offers socialist deps an alliance- DECLINED.
His approach frightens industrials and latifundia.
What did the government provide in 1904?
Govt arbiters to deal with industrial disputes (CORPORATISM)
When was Red Week?
June 1914
What started Red Week?
violent strikes occurred in Ancona and Romagna when strikers confronted strike breakers hired by local employers.
Who egged on Red Week?
The LW press- especially BM (Avanti!)
What happened in Red Week?
- rioters took to the street in Ancona and then formed a local commune.
- In Romagna, shops looted & railway tracks destroyed. Declared itself an independent republic.
How many soldiers did GG have to send to restore order during Red Week?
100k
Why did Red Week fail?
- movement lacked good leadership & organisation- once faced with force the GS collapsed.
- order was restored but a residue of discontent remained- culminated in Biennio Rosso?
Why was GG lucky in his early years of office?
Because it coincided with a period of economic boon & industrial expansion.
What was the impact of rapid industrial development?
- unemployment reduced
- Italy’s trade with rest of world DOUBLED