wrong/ua Flashcards
when u hv an increase in TSH, T3,T4 in a kid what’s the problem
they could be resistance to thyroid hormone cuz of inherited mutation in the B receptor(decreases thyroid hormone sensitivity.)
what’s a BARR BOdy and where is it found
it’s a DEACTIVATED X chromosome. periphery of the nucleus
what’s association
X anomalies w/out a known unifying cause that occur 2gether(VACTERL) Vertebral defects, Anal atresia, Cardiac defects, TE fistula, renallimb abnormalities.
what’s an example of field defect
Holopro(tri 13)
where does squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck usually spread
ant. cervical(jugular lymph nodes)
what are the 4 cancers that like to spread thru blood
follicular carcinoma, renal cell, hepato, choriocarcinoma
what do you expect to be elevated in hyperlipoproteinemia(ApoE3-4)
chylomicron, VLDL
what can an infant w/ hydrocephalus develop
Macrocephaly, poor feeding, Muscle hypertonicity/hyperreflexia(stretching of periventricular puramidal tracts)
mRNA(micro) can cause what
translation repression
What does MRATT stand for
Migration, Rolling, Adhesion, Tight adhesion, Transmigration
where will you find P-E selectin
R u going to PE
Rolling (P-E selectin)
What CAM would you find in transmigration/FX
PECAM-1(helps neutrophils sqz btwn the ENDOTHELIAL cells
where will you find ICAM-1
ADHESION(LAD1 def CD8)
what are the risk factors for placenta abruptio
HTN, Abdominal trauma cocaine
what is placentae abruptio
premature placental separation from uterus (PAINFUL)
what is placentae previa
PAINLESS placental implantation over internal cervical OS
which AA is a precursor for 5HT
TRYPTOPHAN
Tyrosine is a precursor for what neurotransmitters
Dopa, NE, Epi Hormones(Thyroxine, Melanin)
MOA of Cyproheptadine
1st generation anti-histamine (can be given for 5ht syndrome that does NOT respond to supportive measures.
what cholesterol medication increase the risk of gallstones /how
Cholestyramine by decreasing enteroheptic recirculation of bile acids
what’s the DOC for essential tremor(improves w/alcohol)
PROPRANOLOL (can causes bronchospasm in COPD/asthma pts)
what’s the SV, HR, PVR in propranolol
DECREASE= HR, SV INCREASE= PVR
describe RCC
clear cytoplasm due to accumulation of lipids/carbs
describe Howell-Jolly bodies/what diz found?
nuclear remnants in erythrocytes. (sml basophilic spots) Found in Sickle, Hyposplenia, aspleenia.
diff btwn Howell, & Heinz bodies
Heinz contain iron howell does NOT! that’s y it looks like a blue dot on smear.
Leydig contain what type of crystal
REINke crystals(eosinophilic) Ley in the REIN
what’s the homologous of Leydig cells in a female
Theca Interna(secretes Testosterone)
what nerve is effected when you hv to accomodate by titlting your head
IV
what is the MCC of ATN
GENTAMICIN
what’s the imp factor for lipohyalinosis
CHRONIC HTN
what can Amyloid angiopathy cause
Cortical Intracerebral hemorrhage in elderly pts w/out trauma, htn
what type of melanoma are African/Asian hv an increase for
ACRAL LENTIGINOUS
what type of melanoma are Caucaisians hv an increase for
Lentigo Maligna
fenolDopam MOA/TRT/RECEPTOR
D1/HTN emergency/GS protein increase cAMP
which virus does the rash appears after few days of high fever
HHV-6/7 Roseola
What;s the difference in the ulcer in HPV VS Syphillis in HIV pts
HPV pts ulcer gradually enlarge vs syphillis it heals w/3-6wks
a basophilic crescent shape nuclei & pericellular halos w/in macro is what fungus
Histoplasma(bird droppings)
where would you see EffaceMent foot process in Minimal change
EM
what would it show on LM for minimal change
normaL gloMeruli
MOA empaGLiflozin/SE
inhib SGLT2 which increases urinary glucose. UTI(vaginal CANDIASIS)
where can macro be found in the lymph node
MEDULLARY SINUS
