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u/a Flashcards

1
Q

what happens to LV compliance, Angio II, Cardiac myosin heavy chain beta in uncontrolled HTN

A

Compliance (DECREASE)
ANGIO II/MYOSIN(INCREASE)
cuz decrease compliance

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2
Q

what do you expect to see in a graft when a reversible COMPETITIVE ANTAGONIST is + to FULL AGONIST

A

it will shift to the RT increase ED50 but NO change i the max effect(same height)

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3
Q

what type of collagen forms the scar after MI

A

I(tendon, ligaments, skin)

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4
Q

what are the chemokine receptor in HIV

A

CCR5, CXCR4

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5
Q

What lymphoma is ass w/ EBV/ and what abnormal cell will u see in the frontal lobe

A

Primary Central nervous system lymphoma(Lrg cell non-hodgkin lymphoma) increase in B cells cuz LYMPHOMA effects mostly B cells

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6
Q

Ventral Post. Thalamus can cause what type of stroke

A

PURE SENSORY!!!!

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7
Q

where does spinal stenosis occur most

A

lumbar region LIGAMENTUM FLAVUM HYPERTROPHY

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8
Q

SS of spinal stenosis

A

lower extremity pain, numbness/paresthesia, weakness(posture dependent standing, walking

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9
Q

MOA Amiloride Triamterene

A

K+ sparing (inhib epi Na+ channel preventing Na+ from entering=drives K+ secretion

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10
Q

Mushrooms(amatoxins) inhib what polymerase

A

RNA polymerase II( halts mRNA synthesis

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11
Q

DOC to slow down pulmonary fibrosis

A

PDGF, VEGF

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12
Q

what type of drug can you use break down empyema

A

TPA(fibrinolytic) decrease viscosity

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13
Q

how does PEEP help trt ARDS( what does it increase)

A

FRC

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14
Q

what can cause ARDS

A

sepsis, pneumo, trauma, PANCREATITIS

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15
Q

ARDS hv what type of lung mismatch

A

perfusion w/out VENTILATION

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16
Q

straw colored fluid is what type of pleura effusion

A

TRANSUDATE

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17
Q

if Leukocyte differential is mostly monocytes what type of effusion is it

A

TRANSUDATE

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18
Q

HIGH LDH is what type of effusion

A

ExUDATE

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19
Q

how do you differentiate sterile exudate in pleura space to bacterial invasion in pleural space

A

pH,>7.2 Glucose>60 WBCs<50,000 for STERILE. Bacteria is the opposite

20
Q

bleeding nipple what breast should u think of

A

intraductal papilloma(fingerlike fibrovascular projections)

21
Q

describe Phyllodes(benign) tumor of breast

A

overgrowth of fibrous component w/ leaf like projections

22
Q

Adipose tissue converts androgens to what in a women

A

ESTRONE(estrogen)

23
Q

what can you detect on DCIS

A

CALCIFICATION(necrosis/dystrophic ca+) NO BSMNT INVASION

24
Q

what;s the MC malignant breast cancer

A

IDCIS(forms duct like structures). nipple dimpling

25
Q

what are the 4 subtypes of IDCIS

A

Tubular, Mucinous, Medullary Inflammatory

26
Q

what are the 2 cell types seen in normal breast

A

epi/myoepi. (cancer only has 1)

27
Q

what mutation does a pt w/medullary carcinoma of the breast hv

A

BRCA1/will also hv plasma/lymphocyte cells

28
Q

what does LCIS lack

A

cadherin(low risk to carcinoma

29
Q

ILCIS grows in what type of fashion /y?

A

Single file cuz it lacks cadherin cells don’t stick 2gether

30
Q

breast/ovarian has what type mutations

A

BRCA1

31
Q

what mutations will u see in a male w/breast cancer

A

BRCA2

32
Q

what hypersensitivity is Rheumatic fever

A

II

33
Q

Pleomorphic adenoma is composed of what

A

MC tumor of parotid gland , chondromyxiod stroma(w/out Facial nerve palsy)

34
Q

describe delta wave(WPW)

A

slurred upstroke of the QRS w/shortened PR interval

35
Q

what’s the nucleotide/mutation in frederick-ataxia

A

GAA/Frataxin gene(fe+)

36
Q

what are the deformities of fredereick-ataxia(GAA)

A

Hammer toes, pes cavus, kyphoscoliosis

37
Q

what should rt sided varicole raise suspicion for

A

renal carcinoma, lymphoma obstructing testicular vein

38
Q

What’s the haptoglobin lvl in mono(EBV)

A

decreases(hemolytic anemia)

39
Q

what type of hypersensitivity is acute graft

A

IV (Th1 induced macrophage)

40
Q

KIT mutation is ass w/ what

A

MASTOCYTOSIS

41
Q

what is mastocytosis

A

proliferation of mast cells(rich in HISTAMINE) which can release gastric acid=gastric ulceration

42
Q

what vit is a cofactor for cystathione synthase

A

B6

43
Q

what enzyme is used to convert HOMOCYSTEINE to cysteine

A

Cystathionine Synthase(def causes Homocystiuria)

44
Q

what causes def of hereditary FRUCTOSE intolerance

A

ALDOLASE B

45
Q

Galactose-1 phospahte uridytrnsferase & Heredidaty Fructose intolerance present the same way what differentiate them

A

GUDPT is ealier(as soon breast feeding start cuz galactose) VS fructose is after when you start to introduce fruit to your baby

46
Q

what ligament is usually involve in ovarian torsion

A

INFUNDIBULOPELVIC LIG

wrong (26 decks)

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