pathoma/AMBOSS Flashcards
what cancer causes a deposition of Calcitonin
Medullary carcinoma of thyroid. from C-cells
what are some peptide hormones that are cleave from POMC
B-endorphins(mu receptor) ACTH, MSH
what Apoe ass w/ late onset Alzheimer
Apoe4
what mutation is ass w/ EARLY onset Alzheimer
mutation in presenilin 1
MOA/SE BUPROPION
inhib reuptake DOPA, NE. Tachy, weight loss, insomnia, decrease seisure threshold
what causes RETT SYNDROME
microdeletion of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 on X-chromosome
pts w/sperocytosis hv an increase risk of
cholecystitis due to extravascular hemolysis(worsen by viral infec)
what’s the DOC for fast acting relief in acute RA
STEROIDS (methotrexate tks 6wks to work
SE/MOA Risperidone
GYnocemastia, proltacinemia, (inhib D2
SS/trt of cluster headache
UNILATERAL pain lacrimination, rhinorrhea/ TRIPTANS does not respond to NSAIDS
what’s another name for schistocytes
FRAGMENTED erythrocytes
during warfarin skin necrocis if protein c is not an option what do you choose
VIIIa
lobar/broncho pneumo are due to what
BACTERIA
INTERSTIAL(atypical) PNEUMO is DUe to
virus
what are the MOC of lobar pneumo
strep pnuemo/kleb
what are the causes of BRONCHO PNEUMO
staph aureus, H.in, pseudomona, Moraxella , Legionella
SS of interstitial pneumo
cough, low fever, minimal sputum
what are the MC cause of INTERSTITIAL pnuemo
Mycoplasma(MC), Clamydia, RSV, CMV, influenza virus, coxiella
what heart problem does obstructive diz can cause
Cor Pulmonale(rt heart failure)
emphysema causes destruction of what
Alveolar air sacs(distal)
what IL calls EOSINOPHILS
IL-5
what’s the early phase of type1 hypersensitivity(asthma)
IgE on mast cells
what’s the late phase of type1 hypersensitivity(asthma)
Infla(major basic protein & LTC4, d4 bronchoconstriction
what is bronchioetasis
dilation of the airways(large hole in lung)
where does the fibrosis occur in pulmonary fibrosis
LUNG INTERSTITIUM
what TGF causes the fibrosis in the lung
TGF-B from pneumocytes
what;s the cause of pneumoconioses
Interstitial FIBROSIS(mediated by macrophages) due to occupational exposure
what’s the level of HCO3 in initial respiratory acidocis
NORMAL
when does compensation occurs for respiratory acidocis(HCO3)/what’s the level
several days(3) HCO3 increases
Lactic acidosis in septic shock results in tissue hypoxia. what does it impair
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORILATION(decrease O2 ANAEROBIC) shunts pyrruvate to LDH lactate
digital clubbing ass w/
lrg cell lung cancer, tb, cystic fibrosis, empyema, bronchiectasis, abscess(chronic)
what’s responsible for clearing particles in the terminal bronchioles regardless of size
cilliated cells
what’s responsible for clearing sml particles in the DISTAL
terminal bronchioles
MACROPHAGES
