pathoma/AMBOSS

Question 1

what cancer causes a deposition of Calcitonin

Answer 1

Medullary carcinoma of thyroid. from C-cells

Question 2

what are some peptide hormones that are cleave from POMC

Answer 2

B-endorphins(mu receptor) ACTH, MSH

Question 3

what Apoe ass w/ late onset Alzheimer

Answer 3

Apoe4

Question 4

what mutation is ass w/ EARLY onset Alzheimer

Answer 4

mutation in presenilin 1

Question 5

MOA/SE BUPROPION

Answer 5

inhib reuptake DOPA, NE. Tachy, weight loss, insomnia, decrease seisure threshold

Question 6

what causes RETT SYNDROME

Answer 6

microdeletion of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 on X-chromosome

Question 7

pts w/sperocytosis hv an increase risk of

Answer 7

cholecystitis due to extravascular hemolysis(worsen by viral infec)

Question 8

what’s the DOC for fast acting relief in acute RA

Answer 8

STEROIDS (methotrexate tks 6wks to work

Question 9

SE/MOA Risperidone

Answer 9

GYnocemastia, proltacinemia, (inhib D2

Question 10

SS/trt of cluster headache

Answer 10

UNILATERAL pain lacrimination, rhinorrhea/ TRIPTANS does not respond to NSAIDS

Question 11

what’s another name for schistocytes

Answer 11

FRAGMENTED erythrocytes

Question 12

during warfarin skin necrocis if protein c is not an option what do you choose

Answer 12

VIIIa

Question 13

lobar/broncho pneumo are due to what

Answer 13

BACTERIA

Question 14

INTERSTIAL(atypical) PNEUMO is DUe to

Answer 14

virus

Question 15

what are the MOC of lobar pneumo

Answer 15

strep pnuemo/kleb

Question 16

what are the causes of BRONCHO PNEUMO

Answer 16

staph aureus, H.in, pseudomona, Moraxella , Legionella

Question 17

SS of interstitial pneumo

Answer 17

cough, low fever, minimal sputum

Question 18

what are the MC cause of INTERSTITIAL pnuemo

Answer 18

Mycoplasma(MC), Clamydia, RSV, CMV, influenza virus, coxiella

Question 19

what heart problem does obstructive diz can cause

Answer 19

Cor Pulmonale(rt heart failure)

Question 20

emphysema causes destruction of what

Answer 20

Alveolar air sacs(distal)

Question 21

what IL calls EOSINOPHILS

Answer 21

IL-5

Question 22

what’s the early phase of type1 hypersensitivity(asthma)

Answer 22

IgE on mast cells

Question 23

what’s the late phase of type1 hypersensitivity(asthma)

Answer 23

Infla(major basic protein & LTC4, d4 bronchoconstriction

Question 24

what is bronchioetasis

Answer 24

dilation of the airways(large hole in lung)

Question 25

where does the fibrosis occur in pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 25

LUNG INTERSTITIUM

Question 26

what TGF causes the fibrosis in the lung

Answer 26

TGF-B from pneumocytes

Question 27

what;s the cause of pneumoconioses

Answer 27

Interstitial FIBROSIS(mediated by macrophages) due to occupational exposure

Question 28

what’s the level of HCO3 in initial respiratory acidocis

Answer 28

NORMAL

Question 29

when does compensation occurs for respiratory acidocis(HCO3)/what’s the level

Answer 29

several days(3) HCO3 increases

Question 30

Lactic acidosis in septic shock results in tissue hypoxia. what does it impair

Answer 30

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORILATION(decrease O2 ANAEROBIC) shunts pyrruvate to LDH lactate

Question 31

digital clubbing ass w/

Answer 31

lrg cell lung cancer, tb, cystic fibrosis, empyema, bronchiectasis, abscess(chronic)

Question 32

what’s responsible for clearing particles in the terminal bronchioles regardless of size

Answer 32

cilliated cells

Question 33

what’s responsible for clearing sml particles in the DISTAL

terminal bronchioles

Answer 33

MACROPHAGES