Wrist & Hand Flashcards
Joints of the wrist
Distal radio-ulnar
Radiocarpal
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal
Interphalangeal
Distal radio-ulnar synovial classification
pivot or trochoid
Radiocarpal Synovial classification
ellipsoidal or condyloid
Carpometacarpal synovial classification
- First (thumb) - sellar or saddle
- 2nd-5th (index, middle, ring, little) - plane or gliding
Metacarpophalangeal synovial classification
ellipsoidal or condyloid
Interphalangeal synovial classification
ginglymus or hinge
Proximal carpals
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform
Distal carpals
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Transverse carpal ligament function and attachments
function- prevents bowstringing of the tendons of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor
digitorum superficialis & flexor digitorum profundus muscles
attachments- from the pisiform & hook of the hamate to scaphoid & trapezium
Collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints function and attachments
function- stabilizes metacarpophalangeal joints
attachments- from the head of the metacarpals to base of adjacent proximal phalanx
Intrinsic hand muscles
Abductor digiti minimi
Abductor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis
Dorsal interossei
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Lumbricals
Opponens digiti minimi
Opponens pollicis
Palmar interossei
Anatomical snuffbox
Boundaries: Extensor retinaculum, Extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis
Contents: radial artery, scaphoid
Abductor digiti minimi attachments
from… the pisiform
to… the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
Abductor digiti minimi actions
abducts 5th digit
Abductor digiti minimi innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
Abductor pollicis brevis attachments
From… the transverse carpal ligament
to… the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and tubercle of trapezium
Abductor pollicis brevis actions
abducts the thumb
Abductor pollicis brevis innervations
PNS: recurrent branch of the median nerve
CNS: C6-T1
Adductor pollicis attachments
from… the capitate & 2nd & 3rd metacarpals (oblique head) & the palmar aspect of the 3rd metacarpal (transverse head)
to… the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
adductor pollicis actions
adducts the thumb
Adductor pollicis innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
Dorsal interossei attachments
from… the adjacent sides of the metacarpals
to… the proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4
Dorsal interossei actions
abducts (MCP), flexes (MCP), extends (IP) of digits 2-4
Dorsal interossei innervations
PNS: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
Flexor digiti minimi brevis attachments
from… the hamate
to… the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
Flexor digiti minimi brevis actions
Flexes MCP of the 5th digit
Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
Flexor pollicis brevis attachments
from… the transverse carpal ligament & trapezium
to… the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb; deep head blends with opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis actions
Flexes MCP of thumb
Flexor pollicis brevis innervations
PNS: Superficial head: recurrent branch of the median nerve
………Deep head: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: Superficial head: (C6-T1)
………Deep head: (C8-T1)
Lumbricals attachments
from… the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
to… the radial side of the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5
Lumbricals actions
flexes MCP &extends IP joints of digits 2-5
Lumbricals innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve (3rd & 4th (CNS: C8-T1)) & median nerve (1st & 2nd CNS: (C7-T1))
Opponens digiti minimi attachments
from… the hook of the hamate
to… the ulnar margin of the shaft of the 5th metacarpal
Opponens digiti minimi actions
opposition of the 5th digit to the thumb
Opponens digiti minimi innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
Opponens pollicis attachments
from… the transverse carpal ligament & trapezium
to… the palmar surface of the 1st metacarpal
Opponens pollicis actions
opposition of the thumb to the 5th digit
Opponens pollicis innervations
PNS: recurrent branch of the median nerve
CNS: C6-T1
Palmar interossei attachments
from… the palmar aspects of metacarpals 2, 4 & 5
to… the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2, 4, & 5
Palmar interossei actions
adducts MCP, flexes MCP, extends IP of digits 2, 4, & 5
Palmar interossei innervations
PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1
