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Clinical Anatomy I > Final Muscle Attachments, Actions, & Innervations > Flashcards

Final Muscle Attachments, Actions, & Innervations Flashcards

1
Q

Latissimus dorsi attachments

A

from… lower thoracic spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia & iliac crest
to… floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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2
Q

Latissimus dorsi actions

A

adduction
extension
medial rotation of humerus

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3
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

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4
Q

Levator scapulae attachments

A

from… transverse processes of C1-C4
to… superior angle and superomedial border of the scapula

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5
Q

Levator scapulae actions

A

elevation of scapula
downward rotation of scapula

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6
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
sensory: direct branches of C3-4

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7
Q

Pectoralis major attachments

A

from… clavicle, costal cartilages, sternum & aponeurosis of the external oblique
to… the lateral lip of of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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8
Q

Pectoralis major actions

A

humeral adduction
humeral flexion
humeral medial rotation
Sternocostal portion: assists with extension of the flexed arm

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9
Q

Pectoralis major innervations

A

lateral & medial pectoral nerves
(clavicular head C5-7; sternocostal head C8-T1)

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10
Q

Pectoralis minor attachments

A

from… outer surfaces of ribs 3-5
to… the coracoid process

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11
Q

Pectoralis minor actions

A

anterior tilt of scapula
assists with depression of the shoulder
forced inspiration

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12
Q

Pectoralis minor innervations

A

medial & lateral pectoral nerves
(C5-T1)

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13
Q

Rhomboids attachments

A

major: from… spinous processes T2-5; minor: from… ligamentum nuchae & spinous processes C7-T1
to… medial border of scapula

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14
Q

Rhomboids actions

A

scapular retraction
scapular elevation (upper)
scapular downward rotation

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15
Q

Rhomboids innervation

A

PNS: dorsal scapular nerve (CNS: C4-C5)
sensory: direct branches of C3-4

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16
Q

Serratus anterior attachments

A

from… the outer surfaces & superior borders of upper eight-ten ribs
to… the costal surfaces of the medial border of the scapula

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17
Q

Serratus anterior actions

A

scapular protraction
upward rotation of the scapula

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18
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

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19
Q

Subclavius attachments

A

from… 1st rib & cartilage
to… the undersurface of the clavicle

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20
Q

Subclavius actions

A

depresses clavicle
stabilizes clavicle

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21
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

subclavian nerve (C5-6)

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22
Q

Trapezius attachments

A

from… superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, & cervical & thoracic spinous processes
to… clavicle, acromion & scapular spine

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23
Q

Trapezius actions

A

scapular elevation (upper)
scapular depression (lower)
scapular retraction (middle)
scapular upwards rotation (upper & lower)

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24
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

accessory nerve (CN XI),
(sensory: C3-4)

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25
Q

Deltoid attachments

A

from… clavicle, acromion process & spine of the scapula
to… deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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26
Q

Deltoid actions

A

flexion & medial rotation (anterior) of humerus
abduction (primarily middle) of humerus
extension & lateral rotation of humerus
horizontal extension (posterior) of humerus

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27
Q

Deltoid innervations

A

axillary nerve
(spinal: C5-C6)

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28
Q

Supraspinatus attachments

A

from… medial 2/3 of the supraspinous fossa
to… superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus & to shoulder joint capsule

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29
Q

Supraspinatus actions

A

initiates humeral abduction
laterally rotates humerus
stabilizes glenohumeral joint (reinforces superior aspect of joint capsule)

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30
Q

Supraspinatus innervations

A

suprascapular nerve (C4-6)

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31
Q

Infraspinatus attachments

A

from… the medial 2/3 of the infraspinous fossa
to… the middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus & to shoulder joint capsule

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32
Q

Infraspinatus actions

A

lateral rotation of humerus
stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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33
Q

Infraspinatus innervations

A

PNS: suprascapular nerve
CNS: C5-6

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34
Q

Teres minor attachments

A

from… the upper 2/3 of the dorsal surface of the lateral border of the scapula
to… the inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus & to shoulder joint capsule

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35
Q

Teres minor actions

A

lateral rotation of humerus
stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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36
Q

Teres minor innervations

A

axillary nerve (sensory C5-C6)

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37
Q

Subscapularis attachments

A

from… the subscapular fossa
to… the lesser tubercle of the of the humerus

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38
Q

Subscapularis actions

A

medial rotation of humerus
stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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39
Q

Subscapularis innervations

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5-6)

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40
Q

Teres major attachments

A

from… the dorsal surface of the inferior angle scapula & lower 1/3 of the lateral border of the scapula
to… the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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41
Q

Teres major actions

A

humeral adduction
medial rotation of humerus
extension of humerus

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42
Q

Teres major innervations

A

lower subscapular nerve (C5-6)

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43
Q

Anconeus attachments

A

From… lateral epicondyle of humerus
to… lateral surface of the olecranon process

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44
Q

Anconeus actions

A

Extension of elbow

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45
Q

Anconeus innervation

A

Radial nerve (C7-8)

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46
Q

Biceps brachii attachments

A

From… coracoid process (short head) and supraglenoid tubercle (long head) of scapula
to… the radial tuberosity and the deep antebrachial fascia (through the bicipital aponeurosis)

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47
Q

Biceps brachii actions

A

Flexion of the shoulder and elbow
supination of the forearm

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48
Q

Biceps brachii innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-6)

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49
Q

Brachialis attachments

A

From… the distal anterior shaft of the humerus and lateral/medial intermuscular septa
to… the coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

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50
Q

Brachialis actions

A

Flexion of the elbow

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51
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous and small branch from radial nerve (C5-6)

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52
Q

Coracobrachialis attachments

A

From… the coracoid process
to… the proximal medial shaft of the humerus

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53
Q

Coracobrachialis actions

A

Flexion of shoulder
adduction of the shoulder

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54
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C6-7)

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55
Q

Triceps Brachii attachments

A

From… the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head), and proximal posterolateral (lateral head) and distal posteromedial (medial head) shaft of the humerus
to… the olecranon process of the ulna

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56
Q

Triceps Brachii actions

A

Extension of the shoulder (long head)
extension of the elbow (long, lateral and medial heads)

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57
Q

Triceps Brachii innervation

A

Radial nerve (C6-T1)

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58
Q

Abductor pollicis longus attachments

A

from… proximal posterior radius, ulna & interosseous membrane
to… the base of the 1st metacarpal & trapezium

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59
Q

Abductor pollicis longus actions

A

abducts thumb
extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint
abducts hand at wrist (radial deviation)

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60
Q

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C6-8

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61
Q

Brachioradialis attachments

A

from… the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
to… the distal radius lateral to the styloid process

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62
Q

Brachioradialis actions

A

flexes the elbow

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63
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C5-6

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64
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis attachments

A

from… lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin)
to… the base of the 3rd metacarpal

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65
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis actions

A

extends hand at wrist
abducts hand at wrist (radial deviation)

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66
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C6-8

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67
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus attachments

A

from… the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
to… the base of the 2nd metacarpal

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68
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus actions

A

extends hand at wrist
abducts hand at wrist (radial deviation)
assists in flexion of the elbow

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69
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CVS: C6-8

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70
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris attachments

A

from… the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin)
to… the base of the 5th metacarpal

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71
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris actions

A

extends hand at wrist
adducts hand at wrist (ulnar deviation)

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72
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C6-8

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73
Q

Extensor digitorum attachments

A

from… the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin)
to… the extensor expansions of digits 2-5

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74
Q

Extensor digitorum actions

A

extends phalanges (primarily at metacarpophalangeal, secondarily at interphalangeal)
extends hand at wrist

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75
Q

Extensor digitorum innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C6-8

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76
Q

Extensor digiti minimi attachments

A

from… the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin)
to… the digital expansion of the 5th digit

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77
Q

Extensor digiti minimi actions

A

extends 5th digit (metacarpophalangeal & interphalangheal)

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78
Q

Extensor digiti mini innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C7-8

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79
Q

Extensor indicis attachments

A

from… the posterior surface of the ulna & interosseous membrane
to… the digital expansion of the 2nd digit

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80
Q

Extensor indicis actions

A

extends 2nd digit (metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal

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81
Q

Extensor indicis innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C7-8

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82
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis attachments

A

from… the posterior radial surface & interosseous membrane
to… the base of the 1st proximal phalanx

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83
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis actions

A

extends thumb (metacarpophalangeal)
extends CMC joint
abducts CMC joint

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84
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C6-8

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85
Q

Extensor pollicis longus attachments

A

from… the middle 1/3rd of the posterior surface of the ulna & interosseous membrane
to… the base of the 1st distal phalanx

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86
Q

Extensor pollicis longus actions

A

extends thumb (CMC & metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal)

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87
Q

Extensor pollicis longus innervations

A

radial nerve
(C6-8)

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88
Q

Flexor carpi radialis attachments

A

from… the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin)
to… the palmar aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal

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89
Q

Flexor carpi radialis actions

A

flexes hand at wrist
abducts hand at wrist (radial deviation)
may assist in pronation of forearm & flexion of the elbow

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90
Q

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

PNS: median nerve
CNS: C6-8

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91
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris attachments

A

from… the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) of the humerus & proximal ulnar shaft
to… the pisiform

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92
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris actions

A

flexes hand at wrist
adducts hand at wrist (ulnar deviation)
assists in flexion of the elbow

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93
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervations

A

PNS: ulnar nerve
CNS: C7-T1

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94
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus attachments

A

from… the anterior proximal two thirds of the ulna & interosseous membrane
to… the base of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5

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95
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus actions

A

flexion of digits 2-5 (metacarpophalangeal & distal interphalangeal & proximal interphalangeal)
flexion of hand at wrist

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96
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervations

A

PNS: median (anterior interosseous nerve; 2nd & 3rd digits) & ulnar (4th & 5th digits) nerves
CNS: C7-T1

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97
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis attachments

A

from… the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) of the humerus
to… the sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5

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98
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis actions

A

flexion of digits (metacarpophalangeal & proximal interphalangeal)
flexes hand at wrist

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99
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervations

A

PNS: median nerve
CNS: C7-T1

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100
Q

Flexor pollicis longus attachments

A

from… the anterior surface off the radius & interosseous membrane
to… the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

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101
Q

Flexor pollicis longus actions

A

flexes thumb (metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal)

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102
Q

Flexor pollicis longus innervations

A

PNS: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)
CNS: C7-T1

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103
Q

Palmaris longus attachments

A

from… the medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor origin)
to… the palmar aponerousis

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104
Q

Palmaris longus actions

A

flexes hand at wrist
tenses palmar fascia

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105
Q

Palmaris longus innervations

A

PNS: median nerve
CNS: C7-8

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106
Q

Pronator quadratus attachments

A

from… the anterior surface of the distal ulna
to… the anterior surface of the distal radius

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107
Q

Pronator quadratus actions

A

pronates the forearm

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108
Q

Pronator quadratus innervations

A

PNS: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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109
Q

Pronator teres attachments

A

from… the medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process
to… lateral aspect of the radius

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110
Q

Pronator teres actions

A

pronates forearm
flexes forearm

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111
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

PNS: median nerve
CNS C6-7

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112
Q

Supinator attachments

A

from… the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament & supinator crest of the ulna
to… the lateral surface of the proximal radius

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113
Q

Supinator actions

A

supinates forearm

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114
Q

Supinator innervations

A

PNS: radial nerve
CNS: C5-6

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115
Q

Abductor digiti minimi attachments

A

from… the pisiform
to… the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

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116
Q

Abductor digiti minimi actions

A

abducts 5th digit

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117
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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118
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis attachments

A

From… the transverse carpal ligament
to… the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and tubercle of trapezium

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119
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis actions

A

abducts the thumb

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120
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis innervations

A

PNS: recurrent branch of the median nerve
CNS: C6-T1

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121
Q

Adductor pollicis attachments

A

from… the capitate & 2nd & 3rd metacarpals (oblique head) & the palmar aspect of the 3rd metacarpal (transverse head)
to… the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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122
Q

adductor pollicis actions

A

adducts the thumb

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123
Q

Adductor pollicis innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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124
Q

Dorsal interossei attachments

A

from… the adjacent sides of the metacarpals
to… the proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4

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125
Q

Dorsal interossei (hand) actions

A

abducts (MCP) of digits 2-4
flexes (MCP) of digits 2-4
extends (IP) of digits 2-4

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126
Q

Dorsal interossei innervations

A

PNS: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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127
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis attachments

A

from… the hamate
to… the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

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128
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis actions

A

Flexes MCP of the 5th digit

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129
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand) innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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130
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis attachments

A

from… the transverse carpal ligament & trapezium
to… the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb; deep head blends with opponens pollicis

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131
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis actions

A

Flexes MCP of thumb

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132
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervations

A

PNS: Superficial head: recurrent branch of the median nerve
………Deep head: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: Superficial head: (C6-T1)
………Deep head: (C8-T1)

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133
Q

Lumbricals attachments

A

from… the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
to… the radial side of the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5

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134
Q

Lumbricals actions

A

flexes MCP joints of digits 2-5
extends IP joints of digits 2-5

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135
Q

Lumbricals (hand) innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve (3rd & 4th (CNS: C8-T1)) & median nerve (1st & 2nd CNS: (C7-T1))

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136
Q

Opponens digiti minimi attachments

A

from… the hook of the hamate
to… the ulnar margin of the shaft of the 5th metacarpal

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137
Q

Opponens digiti minimi actions

A

opposition of the 5th digit to the thumb

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138
Q

Opponens digiti minimi innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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139
Q

Opponens pollicis attachments

A

from… the transverse carpal ligament & trapezium
to… the palmar surface of the 1st metacarpal

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140
Q

Opponens pollicis actions

A

opposition of the thumb to the 5th digit

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141
Q

Opponens pollicis innervations

A

PNS: recurrent branch of the median nerve
CNS: C6-T1

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142
Q

Palmar interossei attachments

A

from… the palmar aspects of metacarpals 2, 4 & 5
to… the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2, 4, & 5

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143
Q

Palmar interossei actions

A

adducts MCP of digits 2, 4, & 5
flexes MCP of digits 2, 4, & 5
extends IP of digits 2, 4, & 5

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144
Q

Palmar interossei innervations

A

PNS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
CNS: C8-T1

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145
Q

Buccinator attachments

A

from… alveolar processes of the maxilla & mandible, pterygoid Hamulus & pterygomandibular raphe
to… angle of mouth

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146
Q

Buccinator function

A

compresses the cheek (when blowing)

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147
Q

Buccinator innervation

A

buccal branch of the facial n

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148
Q

Depressor anguli oris attachments

A

from… mandible
to… angle of mouth

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149
Q

Depressor anguli oris function

A

depresses angle of mouth laterally (frown, sadness)

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150
Q

Depressor anguli oris innervation

A

buccal & mandibular branch of the facial n.

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151
Q

Depressor labii inferioris attachments

A

from… oblique line of mandible
to… skin of lower lip

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152
Q

Depressor labii inferioris function

A

depresses lower lip (pouting, sadness)

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153
Q

Depressor labii inferioris innervation

A

mandibular branch of the facial nerve

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154
Q

Frontalis attachments

A

from… the superficial fascia of the eyebrows
to… the epicranial aponeurosis

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155
Q

Frontalis function

A

protracts the scalp or elevates eyebrows & nose (surprise or curiosity)

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156
Q

Frontalis innervation

A

temporal branch of the facial nerve

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157
Q

Levator labii superioris attachments

A

from… the inferior orbital margin
to… the lateral aspect of the upper lip

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158
Q

Levator labii superioris function

A

raises & everts upper lip (showing sadness)

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159
Q

Levator labii superioris innervation

A

buccal & zygomatic branches of the facial nerve

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160
Q

Nasalis attachments

A

from… the maxilla lateral & inferior to the nasal notch
to… the bridge & ala of the nose

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161
Q

Nasalis function

A

Transverse fibers compress & alar fibers widen the nasal aperture (flaring nostrils during anger or exertion)

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162
Q

Nasalis innervation

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

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163
Q

Orbicularis oculi attachments

A

from… orbital margin & medial palpebral ligament
to… superficial fascia of the eyelid

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164
Q

Orbicularis oculi function

A

a palpebral sphincter (closes eyes, winking)

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165
Q

Orbicularis oculi innervation

A

temporal & zygomatic branches of the facial nerve

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166
Q

Orbicularis oris attachments

A

from… angle of mouth
to… the superficial fascia of the upper lip

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167
Q

Orbicularis oris function

A

an oral sphincter (closes mouth, kissing)

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168
Q

Orbicularis oris innervation

A

buccal & mandibular branches of the facial nerve

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169
Q

Platysma attachments

A

from… the lower border of the mandible
to… the superficial fascia of the skin of the neck overlying the clavicle

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170
Q

Platysma function

A

wrinkles the anterior nuchal skin (conveying tension or stress)

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171
Q

Platysma innervation

A

cervical branch of the facial nerve

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172
Q

Zygomaticus major attachments

A

from… zygomatic bone
to… angle of mouth

173
Q

Zygomaticus major function

A

raises angle of mouth (smiling, happiness)

174
Q

Zygomaticus major innervation

A

buccal & zygomatic branches of the facial nerve

175
Q

Inferior oblique attachments

A

from… the maxilla lateral to the nasolacrimal groove
to… the inferolateral posterior aspect of the sclera

176
Q

Inferior oblique function

A

elevation, abduction and extorsion of the eye

177
Q

Inferior oblique innervation

A

inferior ramus of the oculomotor nerve

178
Q

Inferior rectus attachments

A

from… the common tendinous ring
to… the inferior aspect of the sclera

179
Q

Inferior rectus function

A

depression, adduction & extorsion of the eye

180
Q

Inferior rectus innervation

A

inferior ramus of the oculomotor nerve

181
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris attachments

A

from… the inferior aspect of the lesser wing of the sphenoid
to… the tarsus and skin of the upper lid

182
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris function

A

elevation of the upper lid

183
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris innervation

A

Superior ramus of oculomotor nerve

184
Q

Medial rectus attachments

A

from… the common tendinous ring
to… the medial aspect of the sclera

185
Q

Medial rectus function

A

adduction of the eye

186
Q

Medial rectus innervation

A

inferior ramus of the oculomotor nerve

187
Q

Superior rectus attachments

A

from… the common tendinous ring
to… the superior aspect of the sclera

188
Q

Superior rectus function

A

elevation, adduction & intorsion of the eye

189
Q

Superior rectus innervation

A

superior ramus of the oculomotor nerve

190
Q

Lateral rectus attachments

A

from… the common tendinous ring
to… the lateral aspect of the sclera

191
Q

Lateral rectus function

A

abduction of the eye

192
Q

Lateral rectus innervation

A

abducens nerve

193
Q

Superior oblique attachments

A

from… the superomedial, posterior aspect of the orbit
to… the superolateral, posterior aspect of the sclera passing around the trochlea (superomedial, anterior aspect of the orbit)

194
Q

Superior oblique function

A

depression, abduction, & intorsion of the eye

195
Q

Superior oblique innervation

A

trochlear nerve

196
Q

Masseter attachments

A

from… the zygomatic arch
to… angle of the mandible & lateral aspect of the ramus

197
Q

Masseter function

A

elevation, protraction and retraction (deep fibers) of the mandible

198
Q

Masseter innervation

A

mandibular nerve (V3)

199
Q

Temporalis attachments

A

from… the temporal fossa
to… the coronoid process & anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

200
Q

Temporalis function

A

elevation & retraction (posterior aspect of the muscle) fo the mandible

201
Q

Temporalis innervation

A

Mandibular nerve (V3)

202
Q

Lateral pterygoid attachments

A

from… the infratemporal surface of the sphenoid & lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate
to… the neck of the mandible & the TMJ disk

203
Q

Lateral pterygoid function

A

depresses mandible, protracts & acts with the ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce side-to-side movements during chewing

204
Q

Lateral pterygoid innervation

A

Mandibular nerve

205
Q

Medial pterygoid attachments

A

from… the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate & adjacent maxilla
to… the medial aspect of the angle of the mandible

206
Q

Medial pterygoid function

A

elevation of the mandible & acts with the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during trituration of food

207
Q

Medial pterygoid innervation

A

mandibular nerve (V3)

208
Q

Digastric anterior belly attachments

A

From… the digastric fossa of the mandible
to… the intermediate tendon (greater cornu of hyoid)(inferior border of mandible near symphysis to intermediate tendon & body and cornu of hyoid)

209
Q

Digastric anterior belly functions

A

depression of the mandible or elevation of the hyoid

210
Q

Digastric anterior belly innervation

A

Trigeminal V3

211
Q

Digastric posterior belly attachments

A

from… the temporal mastoid notch
to… the intermediate tendon (greater cornu of hyoid)(mastoid process to intermediate tendon & body of cornu of hyoid)

212
Q

Digastric posterior belly functions

A

depression of the mandible or elevation of the hyoid

213
Q

Digastric posterior belly innervation

A

Facial VII

214
Q

Geniohyoid attachments

A

from… the inferior genial tubercle of the mandible
to… the anterior aspect of the body of the hyoid (median ridge of mandible to body of hyoid)

215
Q

Geniohyoid functions

A

elevation of tongue and hyoid or depresses mandible

216
Q

Geniohyoid innervation

A

C1 via XII

217
Q

Longus capitis attachments

A

from… anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae
to… the basilar occipital bone

218
Q

Longus capitis function

A

flexion of the head & neck (bilateral) ipsilateral rotation (unilateral)

219
Q

Longus capitis innervation

A

ventral rami of cervical spinal n. (C1-3)

220
Q

Longus colli (L. neck) attachments

A

from… cervical vertebral bodies
to… cervical vertebral bodies & transverse processes

221
Q

Longus colli (L. neck) functions

A

Flexion, lateral flexion of the neck and ipsilateral rotation

222
Q

Longus colli (L.neck) innervation

A

ventral rami of cervical spinal n.. (C2-7)

223
Q

Mylohyoid attachments

A

from… the mylohyoid line of the mandible
to… the midline raphe & anterior aspect of the body of the hyoid

224
Q

Mylohyoid function

A

elevation of the floor of the oral cavity

225
Q

Mylohyoid innervation

A

Trigeminal V3

226
Q

Omohyoid attachments

A

from… the superior border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch
to… the lateral aspect of the hyoid passing through an intermediate tendon sling loosely associated with the clavicle & 1st rib

227
Q

Omohyoid function

A

depression of the hyoid

228
Q

Omohyoid innervation

A

Ansa cervicalis C1-3

229
Q

Anterior scalene attachments

A

from… the anterior tubercles of middle cervical vertebrae
to… the scalene tubercle of the 1st rib

230
Q

Anterior scalene function

A

elevation of the 1st rib (during forces inspiration) & lateral flexion & contralateral rotation of the neck

231
Q

Anterior scalene innervation

A

lower ventral rami of cervical spinal n

232
Q

Middle scalene attachments

A

from… the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
to…1st rib

233
Q

Middle scalene function

A

elevation of 1st rib (during forces inspiration) & lateral flexion & contralateral rotation of the neck

234
Q

Middle scalene innervation

A

lower ventral rami of cervical spinal n

235
Q

Posterior scalene attachments

A

from… lower cervical transverse processes
to… the 2nd rib

236
Q

Posterior scalene function

A

elevation of the rib (during forced inspiration) & lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the neck

237
Q

Posterior scalene innervation

A

ventral rami of cervical spinal m. (C6-8)

238
Q

Sternocleidomastoid attachments

A

from… the lateral aspect of the mastoid process & superior nuchal line
to… the manubrium & medial 1/3rd of the clavicle

239
Q

Sternocleidomastoid functions

A

flexion, ipsilateral lateral flexion, and extension of the head & neck, & contralateral rotation of the head

240
Q

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

accessory nerve & C1,2

241
Q

Sternohyoid attachments

A

from… the posterior side of the proximal clavicle & adjacent manubrium
to… the inferior border of body of the hyoid

242
Q

Sternohyoid function

A

depresses the hyoid

243
Q

Sternohyoid innervation

A

Ansa cervicalis C1-3

244
Q

Sternothyroid attachments

A

from… the posterior aspect of the manubrium & costal cartilage of 1st rib
to… the thyroid lamina

245
Q

Sternothyroid function

A

depression of the elevated larynx

246
Q

Sternothyroid innervation

A

Ansa cervicalis C1-3

247
Q

Stylohyoid attachments

A

from… the styloid process of temporal bone
to… the body of hyoid bone

248
Q

Stylohyoid function

A

elevation & retraction of the hyoid

249
Q

Stylohyoid innervation

A

Facial VII

250
Q

Thyrohyoid attachments

A

from… the thyroid lamina
to… the greater horn of the hyoid bone

251
Q

Thyrohyoid function

A

depression of the hyoid or elevation of the thyroid cartilage

252
Q

Thyrohyoid innervation

A

C1 via XII

253
Q

Cricothyroid attachments

A

from… the cricoid cartilage
to… the thyroid cartilage

254
Q

Cricothyroid function

A

tension and elongation of the vocal cords

255
Q

Cricothyroid innervation

A

external laryngeal n. (CN X)

256
Q

Splenius capitis attachments

A

from… the ligamentum nuchae and lower cervical & upper thoracic spinous processes
to… the lateral third of the superior nuchal line

257
Q

Splenius capitis function

A

extension & lateral flexion & ispilateral rotation of the head

258
Q

Splenius capitis innervation

A

dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerve

259
Q

Longissimus capitis attachments

A

from… the upper thoracic transverse processes
to… the posterior margin of the mastoid process

260
Q

Longissimus capitis function

A

extension & lateral flexion & ipsilateral rotation of the head

261
Q

Longissimus capitis innervation

A

dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerve

262
Q

Semispinalis capitis attachments

A

from… upper thoracic & cervical transverse processes
to… the occipital bone between the inferior & superior nuchal lines

263
Q

Semispinalis capitis function

A

extension & contralateral rotation of the head

264
Q

Semispinalis capitis innervation

A

dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerve

265
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major attachments

A

from… spinous process C2
to… lateral aspect inferior nuchal line

266
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major action/function

A

extension and ipsilateral rotation of the head

267
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

268
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor attachments

A

from… tubercle on posterior arch C1
to… medial aspect inferior nuchal line

269
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor action/function

A

extension of the head

270
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

271
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior (Inferior oblique) attachments

A

from… spinous process of C2
to… transverse process C1

272
Q

Obliquus Capitus Inferior (Inferior oblique) action/function

A

ipsilateral rotation of the neck

273
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior (inferior oblique) innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

274
Q

Obliquus capitis superior (superior oblique) attachments

A

from… transverse process of C1
to… area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bones

275
Q

Obliquus capitis superior (superior oblique) action/function

A

extension and lateral flexion of the head

276
Q

Obliquus capitis superior (superior oblique) innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

277
Q

Iliacus attachments

A

from… iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacral ala & sacroiliac ligaments
to… lesser trochanter of femur

278
Q

Iliacus actions

A

flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

279
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

280
Q

Psoas major attachments

A

from… anterior transverse processes, vertebral bodies & discs (T12- L5)
to… the lesser trochanter of femur

281
Q

Psoas major actions

A

flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

282
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

ventral rami L1-4 (from lumbar plexus)

283
Q

Rectus femoris attachments

A

from… anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to the acetabulum
to… the base of the patella

284
Q

Rectus femoris actions

A

flexes hip
extends knee

285
Q

Rectus femoris innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

286
Q

Sartorius attachments

A

from… anterior superior iliac spine
to… the medial aspect of the proximal tibia

287
Q

Sartorius actions

A

flexes hip
abducts hip
laterally rotates hip
flexes knee
assists in medial rotation of the knee

288
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3

289
Q

Tensor fasciae latae attachments

A

from… anterior superior iliac spine & external lip iliac crest
to… iliotibial tract

290
Q

Tensor fasciae latae actions

A

Abducts hip
flexes hip
medially rotates hip
assists in maintaining knee extension

291
Q

Tensor fasciae latae innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

292
Q

Vastus intermedius attachments

A

from… the anterior aspect of the proximal 2/3rds of the femoral shaft
to… the lateral border of the patella

293
Q

Vastus intermedius actions

A

Extends knee

294
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

295
Q

Vastus lateralis attachments

A

from… the intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity & linea aspera
to… the base & lateral border of the patella

296
Q

Vastus lateralis actions

A

Extends knee

297
Q

Vastus lateralis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

298
Q

Vastus medialis attachments

A

from… the intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera & medial supracondylar line
to… the base & medial border of the patella

299
Q

Vastus medialis actions

A

Extends leg

300
Q

Vastus medialis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

301
Q

Articularis genu attachments

A

from… the distal anterior shaft of femur
to… proximal portion of synovial membrane of knee joint

302
Q

Articularis genu actions

A

pulls articular capsule proximally

303
Q

Articularis genu innervation

A

femoral nerve (a branch of the nerve from the vastus intermedius) L2-3-4

304
Q

Adductor brevis attachments

A

from… inferior pubic ramus
to… distal 2/3 pectineal line and medial lip linea aspera

305
Q

Adductor brevis actions

A

Adducts hip
Flexes hip

306
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

307
Q

Adductor longus attachments

A

from… pubic crest
to… medial lip linea aspera

308
Q

Adductor longus actions

A

Adducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Flexes hip

309
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

310
Q

Adductor magnus attachments

A

from… the inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus & tuberosity
to… gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (adductor part), medial supracondylar ridge & adductor tubercle of the femur (hamstring part)

311
Q

Adductor magnus actions

A

Adducts hip
(adductor part) flexes hip
(hamstring part) extends hip

312
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

adductor part (obturator n. L2-3-4), hamstring part (tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1)

313
Q

Gracilis attachments

A

from… the body of the pubis & inferior pubic ramus
to… the medial surface of tibia, distal to condyle, proximal to insertion of semitendinosus, lateral to insertion of sartorius

314
Q

Gracilis actions

A

Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee
Adducts hip

315
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

316
Q

Pectineus attachments

A

from… superior pubic ramus
to… the femur between the lesser trochanter & linea aspera (pectineal line)

317
Q

Pectineus actions

A

Adducts hip
Flexes hip

318
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

femoral nerve & obturator nerve L2-3-4

319
Q

Obturator externus attachments

A

from… rami of the pubis and ischium; external surface obturator membrane
to… trochanteric fossa

320
Q

Obturator externus actions

A

Laterally rotates the hip

321
Q

Obturator externus innervation

A

obturator nerve L3-4

322
Q

Superior gemellus attachments

A

From… external surface spine of ischium via obturator internus tendon
to… greater trochanter

323
Q

Superior gemellus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

324
Q

Superior gemellus innervation

A

sacral plexus L5-S1-2

325
Q

Inferior gemellus attachments

A

From… proximal ischial tuberosity via obturator internus tendon
to… greater trochanter

326
Q

Inferior gemellus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

327
Q

Inferior gemellus innervation

A

sacral plexus L4-5-S1

328
Q

Gluteus maximus attachments

A

from… the aponeurosis of the erector spinae, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior gluteal line (innominate)
to… the greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity of the femur & the iliotibial tract

329
Q

Gluteus maximus actions

A

Extends hip
Laterally rotates hip

330
Q

Gluteus maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve L5-S1-2

331
Q

Gluteus medius attachments

A

from… the external iliac surface
to… the oblique ridge on the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter; gluteal aponeurosis

332
Q

Gluteus medius actions

A

Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised

333
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

334
Q

Gluteus minimis attachments

A

from… the external iliac surface and margin of the greater sciatic notch
to… the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

335
Q

Gluteus minimis actions

A

Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised

336
Q

Gluteus minimis innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

337
Q

Obturator internus attachments

A

from… the anterolateral wall of the pelvis & obturator membrane
to… the medial surface of the greater trochanter

338
Q

Obturator internus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

339
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

nerve to the obturator internus L5-S1-2

340
Q

Piriformis attachments

A

from… the anterolateral sacrum & posterior inferior iliac spine
to… the upper border of the greater trochanter

341
Q

Piriformis actions

A

Abducts hip
Laterally rotates hip

342
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

nerve to piriformis S1-2

343
Q

Quadratus femoris attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity
to… the quadrate tubercle of the femur

344
Q

Quadratus femoris actions

A

Laterally rotates the hip

345
Q

Quadratus femoris innervation

A

nerve to the quadratus femoris L4-5-S1

346
Q

Biceps femoris attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous lig. (long head); lateral lip of linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line (short head)
to… the lateral side of fibular head

347
Q

Biceps femoris actions

A

Flexes knee
Laterally rotates knee
(long head only) Extends hip

348
Q

Biceps femoris innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic L5-S1-2-3 (long head) & fibular division of the sciatic nerve L5-S1-2 (short head)

349
Q

Semimembranosus attachments

A

from… ischial tuberosity
to… posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle

350
Q

Semimembranosus actions

A

Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee

351
Q

Semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2

352
Q

Semitendinosus attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity
to… the proximal, medial tibia

353
Q

Semitendinosus actions

A

Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee

354
Q

Semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2

355
Q

Extensor digitorum longus attachments

A

from… the lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4th of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane
to… the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5

356
Q

Extensor digitorum longus actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle
Extends digits 2-5 (IP & MP)

357
Q

Extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

358
Q

Extensor hallucis longus attachments

A

from… the middle 1/2 of the fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane
to… the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

359
Q

Extensor hallucis longus actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle
Extends great toe (MP & IP)

360
Q

Extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

361
Q

Fibularis tertius attachments

A

from… the distal fibula and crural interosseous membrane
to… the base of the 5th metatarsal

362
Q

Fibularis tertius actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle
Everts foot

363
Q

Fibularis tertius innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

364
Q

Tibialis anterior attachments

A

from… the lateral condyle and proximal 2/3rds of the tibia’s lateral surface & crural interosseous membrane
to… the medial cuneiform & adjacent 1st metatarsal

365
Q

Tibialis anterior actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle
Inverts foot

366
Q

Tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

367
Q

Fibularis longus attachments

A

from… the head & proximal 2/3rds of the fibula
to… the lateral aspects of the 1st metatarsal & adjacent medial cuneiform

368
Q

Fibularis longus actions

A

Everts foot
Plantar flexes ankle
Depresses 1st metatarsal head

369
Q

Fibularis longus innervation

A

superficial fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

370
Q

Fibularis brevis attachments

A

from… the distal 2/3rds of the fibula
to… the lateral base of the 5th metatarsal

371
Q

Fibularis brevis actions

A

Everts foot
Plantar flexes ankle

372
Q

Fibularis brevis innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

373
Q

Flexor digitorum longus attachments

A

from… the posterior tibia distal to the soleal line
to… the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases

374
Q

Flexor digitorum longus actions

A

Plantar flexes ankle
Flexes digits 2-5 (MP & IP)

375
Q

Flexor digitorum longus innervation

A

tibial nerve (L5-S1-2)

376
Q

Flexor hallucis longus attachments

A

from… the distal 2/3rds of the posterior fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane
to… the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

377
Q

Flexor hallucis longus actions

A

Plantar flexes ankle
Flexes great toe (MP & IP)

378
Q

Flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

tibial nerve (L5-S1-2)

379
Q

Gastrocnemius attachments

A

from… the posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsule
to… the posterior calcaneal surface

380
Q

Gastrocnemius actions

A

Flexes knee
Plantar flexes ankle

381
Q

Gastrocnemius innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1-2)

382
Q

Plantaris attachments

A

from… the lateral supracondylar line
to… the posterior calcaneal surface

383
Q

Plantaris actions

A

Flexes knee
Plantar flexes ankle

384
Q

Plantaris innervation

A

tibial nerve (L4-5-S1)

385
Q

Popliteus attachments

A

from… the lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament
to… the soleal line of the tibia

386
Q

Popliteus actions

A

Non-weight bearing: Medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion
Weight bearing: lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion (it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion)

387
Q

Popliteus actions

A

Non-weight bearing: Medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion
Weight bearing: lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion (it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion)

388
Q

Soleus attachments

A

from… the posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4th of the fibula & tibial soleal line
to… the posterior calcaneal surface

389
Q

Soleus actions

A

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

390
Q

Soleus innervation

A

tibial nerve (L5-S1-2)

391
Q

Tibialis posterior attachments

A

from… the crural interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface
to… the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4

392
Q

Tibialis posterior actions

A

Inverts foot
Plantar flexes ankle

393
Q

Tibialis posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve (L4-5-S1)

394
Q

Abductor digiti minimi attachments

A

from… calcaneal tuberosity
to… lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit

395
Q

Abductor digiti minimi actions

A

Abducts 5th digit
Flexes 5th digit

396
Q

Abductor digiti minimi (foot) innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

397
Q

Abductor hallucis attachments

A

from… medial calcaneal tuberosity
to… medial side of proximal phalangeal base of great toe

398
Q

Abductor hallucis actions

A

Flexes great toe
Abducts great toe

399
Q

Abductor hallucis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

400
Q

Adductor hallucis attachments

A

from… 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) & distal ends of 3-5 metatarsal (transverse head)
to… lateral base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

401
Q

Adductor hallucis actions

A

Adducts great toe

402
Q

Adductor hallucis innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

403
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis attachments

A

from… anterolateral calcaneus
to… dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx (digit 1 for EHB) or to the lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus (digits 2-4 EDB)

404
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis actions

A

Extends digits 2-5 (MP & IP & EDB)
Extension of digit 1 (EHB)

405
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

406
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis attachments

A

from… extensor digitorum brevis
to… dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the halux

407
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis actions

A

extension of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

408
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

409
Q

Quadratus plantae attachments

A

from… medial surface of calcaneus & lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity
to… long flexor tendons

410
Q

Quadratus plantae actions

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus

411
Q

Quadratus plantae innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

412
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis attachments

A

from… medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
to… sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5

413
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis actions

A

Flexes toes (proximal IP)

414
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis (foot) innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

415
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) attachments

A

from… 5th metatarsal base
to… proximal phalangeal base

416
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis actions

A

Flexion of 5th digit (MP)

417
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

418
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis attachments

A

from… cuboid & tendon of tibialis posterior
to… base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

419
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis actions

A

Flexion of great toe (MP)

420
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

421
Q

Dorsal interossei attachments

A

from… metatarsal shafts
to… proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4

422
Q

Dorsal interossei actions

A

Abducts (MP) digits 2-4
Flexes (MP) digits 2-4

423
Q

Dorsal interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

424
Q

Plantar interossei attachments

A

from… plantar surface of base of metatarsals
to… dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5

425
Q

Plantar interossei actions

A

Adducts (MP) digits 3-5
Flexes (MP) digits 3-5

426
Q

Plantar interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

427
Q

Lumbricals attachments

A

from… tendons of flexor digitorum longus
to… medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5

428
Q

Lumbricals actions

A

Flexes proximal phalanges (MP)
Extends IP joints

429
Q

Lumbricals (foot) innervation

A

1st - medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)
2nd-4th - lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

Clinical Anatomy I (44 decks)

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