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Clinical Anatomy I > Gluteal, Thigh, & Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Gluteal, Thigh, & Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Explain organization of fascia lata

A

Extension of inguinal ligament
Inferiorly continuous with fascia of leg inferior to knee
Thickened by additional longitudinal fibers to for iliotibial tract

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2
Q

Explain Iliotibial tract

A

shared aponeurosis of the tensor fascia latae and gluteus maximus muscles
Extends from iliac tubercle to anterolateral tubercle of the tibia

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3
Q

Anterior compartment of thigh contents

A

Tensor fasciae latae
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Articularis genu
Femoral n. a. and v.

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4
Q

Anterior compartment of thigh actions

A

Flex hip
Extend knee

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5
Q

Anterior compartment of thigh innervation

A

Femoral n. (Except tensor fasciae latae > superior gluteal n.)

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6
Q

Anterior compartment of thigh blood supply

A

Femoral a.

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7
Q

Medial compartment of thigh contents

A

Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Obturator externus
Pectineus
Obturator n. and a.,

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8
Q

Medial compartment of thigh actions

A

Adduct thigh
Laterally rotate thigh

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9
Q

Medial compartment of thigh innervation

A

Obturator n. (adductor magnus hamstring part by sciatic n.)

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10
Q

Medial compartment of thigh blood supply

A

Obturator a.

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11
Q

Posterior compartment of thigh contents

A

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Sciatic n.
Common fibular n.
Tibial n.

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12
Q

Posterior compartment of thigh actions

A

Extend thigh
Flex leg

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13
Q

Posterior compartment of thigh innervation

A

Tibial div. of sciatic n.

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14
Q

Posterior compartment of thigh blood supply

A

Sciatic a.

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15
Q

Iliacus attachments

A

from… iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacral ala & sacroiliac ligaments
to… lesser trochanter of femur

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16
Q

Iliacus actions

A

flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

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17
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

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18
Q

Psoas major attachments

A

from… anterior transverse processes, vertebral bodies & discs (T12- L5)
to… the lesser trochanter of femur

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19
Q

Psoas major actions

A

flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

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20
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

ventral rami L1-4 (from lumbar plexus)

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21
Q

Rectus femoris attachments

A

from… anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to the acetabulum
to… the base of the patella

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22
Q

Rectus femoris actions

A

flexes hip
extends knee

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23
Q

Rectus femoris innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

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24
Q

Sartorius attachments

A

from… anterior superior iliac spine
to… the medial aspect of the proximal tibia

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25
Q

Sartorius actions

A

flexes hip
abducts hip
laterally rotates hip
flexes knee
assists in medial rotation of the knee

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26
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3

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27
Q

Tensor fasciae latae attachments

A

from… anterior superior iliac spine & external lip iliac crest
to… iliotibial tract

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28
Q

Tensor fasciae latae actions

A

Abducts hip
flexes hip
medially rotates hip
assists in maintaining knee extension

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29
Q

Tensor fasciae latae innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

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30
Q

Vastus intermedius attachments

A

from… the anterior aspect of the proximal 2/3rds of the femoral shaft
to… the lateral border of the patella

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31
Q

Vastus intermedius actions

A

Extends knee

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32
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

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33
Q

Vastus lateralis attachments

A

from… the intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity & linea aspera
to… the base & lateral border of the patella

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34
Q

Vastus lateralis actions

A

Extends knee

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35
Q

Vastus lateralis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

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36
Q

Vastus medialis attachments

A

from… the intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera & medial supracondylar line
to… the base & medial border of the patella

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37
Q

Vastus medialis actions

A

Extends leg

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38
Q

Vastus medialis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3-4

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39
Q

Articularis genu attachments

A

from… the distal anterior shaft of femur
to… proximal portion of synovial membrane of knee joint

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40
Q

Articularis genu actions

A

pulls articular capsule proximally

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41
Q

Articularis genu innervation

A

femoral nerve (a branch of the nerve from the vastus intermedius) L2-3-4

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42
Q

Adductor brevis attachments

A

from… inferior pubic ramus
to… distal 2/3 pectineal line and medial lip linea aspera

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43
Q

Adductor brevis actions

A

Adducts hip
Flexes hip

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44
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

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45
Q

Adductor longus attachments

A

from… pubic crest
to… medial lip linea aspera

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46
Q

Adductor longus actions

A

Adducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Flexes hip

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47
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

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48
Q

Adductor magnus attachments

A

from… the inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus & tuberosity
to… gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (adductor part), medial supracondylar ridge & adductor tubercle of the femur (hamstring part)

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49
Q

Adductor magnus actions

A

Adducts hip
(adductor part) flexes hip
(hamstring part) extends hip

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50
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

adductor part (obturator n. L2-3-4), hamstring part (tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1)

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51
Q

Gracilis attachments

A

from… the body of the pubis & inferior pubic ramus
to… the medial surface of tibia, distal to condyle, proximal to insertion of semitendinosus, lateral to insertion of sartorius

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52
Q

Gracilis actions

A

Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee
Adducts hip

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53
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-3-4

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54
Q

Pectineus attachments

A

from… superior pubic ramus
to… the femur between the lesser trochanter & linea aspera (pectineal line)

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55
Q

Pectineus actions

A

Adducts hip
Flexes hip

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56
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

femoral nerve & obturator nerve L2-3-4

57
Q

Obturator externus attachments

A

from… rami of the pubis and ischium; external surface obturator membrane
to… trochanteric fossa

58
Q

Obturator externus actions

A

Laterally rotates the hip

59
Q

Obturator externus innervation

A

obturator nerve L3-4

60
Q

Superior gemellus attachments

A

external surface spine of ischium via obturator internus tendon
to… greater trochanter

61
Q

Superior gemellus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

62
Q

Superior gemellus innervation

A

sacral plexus L5-S1-2

63
Q

Inferior gemellus attachments

A

proximal ischial tuberosity via obturator internus tendon
to… greater trochanter

64
Q

Inferior gemellus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

65
Q

Inferior gemellus innervation

A

sacral plexus L4-5-S1

66
Q

Gluteus maximus attachments

A

from… the aponeurosis of the erector spinae, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior gluteal line (innominate)
to… the greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity of the femur & the iliotibial tract

67
Q

Gluteus maximus actions

A

Extends hip
Laterally rotates hip

68
Q

Gluteus maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve L5-S1-2

69
Q

Gluteus medius attachments

A

from… the external iliac surface
to… the oblique ridge on the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter; gluteal aponeurosis

70
Q

Gluteus medius actions

A

Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised

71
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

72
Q

Gluteus minimis attachments

A

from… the external iliac surface and margin of the greater sciatic notch
to… the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

73
Q

Gluteus minimis actions

A

Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised

74
Q

Gluteus minimis innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1

75
Q

Obturator internus attachments

A

from… the anterolateral wall of the pelvis & obturator membrane
to… the medial surface of the greater trochanter

76
Q

Obturator internus actions

A

Laterally rotates hip

77
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

nerve to the obturator internus L5-S1-2

78
Q

Piriformis attachments

A

from… the anterolateral sacrum & posterior inferior iliac spine
to… the upper border of the greater trochanter

79
Q

Piriformis actions

A

Abducts hip
Laterally rotates hip

80
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

nerve to piriformis S1-2

81
Q

Quadratus femoris attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity
to… the quadrate tubercle of the femur

82
Q

Quadratus femoris actions

A

Laterally rotates the hip

83
Q

Quadratus femoris innervation

A

nerve to the quadratus femoris L4-5-S1

84
Q

Biceps femoris attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous lig. (long head); lateral lip of linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line (short head)
to… the lateral side of fibular head

85
Q

Biceps femoris actions

A

Flexes knee
Laterally rotates knee
(long head only) Extends hip

86
Q

Biceps femoris innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic L5-S1-2-3 (long head) & fibular division of the sciatic nerve L5-S1-2 (short head)

87
Q

Semimembranosus attachments

A

from… ischial tuberosity
to… posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle

88
Q

Semimembranosus actions

A

Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee

89
Q

Semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2

90
Q

Semitendinosus attachments

A

from… the ischial tuberosity
to… the proximal, medial tibia

91
Q

Semitendinosus actions

A

Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee

92
Q

Semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2

93
Q

Femoral triangle borders

A

Inguinal lig. (superior), adductor longus (medial), Sartorius (lateral), iliopsoas and pectineus (floor)

94
Q

Femoral triangle contents

A

Femoral n. a. v.

95
Q

Contents of greater sciatic foramen

A

Piriformis
Sciatic n.
Posterior femoral cutaneous n.
Superior gluteal vessels / n.
Inferior gluteal vessels / n.
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal n.

96
Q

Contents of lesser sciatic foramen

A

Obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal n.

97
Q

Trendelenburg gait structure impairment

A

Pelvis tilts away from affected side.
Could be caused by disc herniation affecting superior gluteal n. (L4, 5, S1)
which affects gluteus medius and minimus from abducting

98
Q

Draw Sacral Plexus

A
99
Q

Quadratus lumborum n. axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the quadratus lumborum m.

100
Q

Psoas n. axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the psoas m.

101
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous n. L2-3 axon function

A

sensory
& postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin overlying the
lateral aspect of the thigh

102
Q

Femoral n. (L2-4, Saphenous n.) axon function

A

sensory
& postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin overlying the medial aspect of the leg

103
Q

Femoral n. (L2-4, Muscular branches) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the iliacus, pectineus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis & vastus intermedius muscles

104
Q

Obturator n. (L2-4, anterior divisions) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus & obturator externus
muscles

105
Q

Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the piriformis muscle

106
Q

Nerve to the quadratus femoris (L4-5, S1) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the quadratus femoris & inferior gemellus m.

107
Q

Nerve to the obturator internus (L5, S1-2) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the obturator internus & superior gemellus m.

108
Q

Perforating cutaneous (S2-3) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the medial part of buttock

109
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S1-3) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic innervation of buttock and uppermost medial and posterior surfaces of thigh

110
Q

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-5, S1) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimis & tensor fasciae latae m.

111
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1-2) axon function

A

sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gluteus maximus m.

112
Q

Identify segmental innervation of the skin Red star

A

1st toe - L4

113
Q

Identify segmental innervation of the skin Pink star

A

5th toe - S1

114
Q

Draw LE arterial master drawing

A

Compare to Drawing

115
Q

Draw LE venous master drawing

A

Compare to drawing

116
Q

Draw LE lymphatic drainage

A

Compare to drawing

117
Q

How does arterial supply to the head and neck of the femur change with age?

A

Children less than 10 = primary arterial supply is the obturator artery
Adults = primary supply becomes the medial circumflex femoral artery

118
Q

Femoral sheath contents

A

Femoral a., v., canal

119
Q

Where would you take a femoral pulse?

A

Within the femoral triangle

120
Q

Motions that occur at the hip joint

A

Circumduction
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal rotation
External rotation

121
Q

Motions that occur at the knee joint

A

Flexion
Extension
Lateral Rotation of the tibia
Medial Rotation of the tibia

122
Q

Sacrotuberous lig. attachments

A

from posterior iliac spine & lateral margin of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity

123
Q

Sacrospinous lig. attachments

A

from the ischial spine to lateral margin of the sacrum

124
Q

Fibrous joint capsule of hip attachments

A

from the margin of the acetabulum to the neck, intertrochanteric line & intertrochanteric crest of the femur

125
Q

Iliofemoral lig. attachments

A

from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the intertrochanteric line of the femur

126
Q

Iliofemoral lig. function

A

limits extension of thigh at the hip joint

127
Q

Pubofemoral lig. attachments

A

from the iliopubic eminence and superior pubic ramus to the fibrous capsule

128
Q

Pubofemoral lig. function

A

limits abduction of the femur

129
Q

Ischiofemoral lig. attachments

A

from the ischium posterior to the acetabulum to the greater trochanter & iliofemoral ligament

130
Q

Ischiofemoral lig. function

A

assists the iliofemoral lig. in limiting extension of the femur

131
Q

Ligament of the head of femur (ligamentum teres) attachments

A

from the fovea of the femoral head to the acetabular notch

132
Q

Transverse acetabular lig. attachments

A

interconnects the margins of the acetabular notch

133
Q

Identify the ligaments closely applied to the joint capsules (thickening of joint capsules)

A

ACL
PCL
MCL
LCL

134
Q

Sacroiliac synovial joint classification

A

Plane

135
Q

Hip synovial joint classification

A

ball & socket

136
Q

Tibiofemoral synovial joint classification

A

bi-condylar

137
Q

Proximal tibiofibular synovial joint classification

A

plane

138
Q

Identifying features of medial meniscus

A

C shaped
Larger
Attached to MCL

139
Q

Identifying features of lateral meniscus

A

O shaped
Smaller

Clinical Anatomy I (44 decks)

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