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Clinical Anatomy I > Foot & Ankle > Flashcards

Foot & Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

Foot plantar surface 1st layer of muscles contents

A

Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor hallucis
Abductor digiti minimi

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2
Q

Foot plantar surface 1st layer of muscles actions

A

Flexes all toes
Abducts great toe
Abducts 5th digit

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3
Q

Foot plantar surface 1st layer of muscles innervation

A

lateral and medial plantar nerves

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4
Q

Foot plantar surface 1st layer of muscles blood supply

A

lateral and medial plantar arteries
deep plantar arch

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5
Q

Foot plantar surface 2nd layer of muscles contents

A

Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals (4)

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6
Q

Foot plantar surface 2nd layer of muscles actions

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus
Flexes proximal phalanges at metatarsophalangeal joints
Extends interphalangeal joints

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7
Q

Foot plantar surface 2nd layer of muscles innervation

A

lateral and medial plantar nerves

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8
Q

Foot plantar surface 2nd layer of muscles blood supply

A

lateral and medial plantar arteries
deep plantar arch

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9
Q

Foot plantar surface 3rd layer of muscles contents

A

Adductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

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10
Q

Foot plantar surface 3rd layer of muscles actions

A

Adducts great toe
Flexion of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
Flexion of the 5th digit at metatarsophalangeal joint

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11
Q

Foot plantar surface 3rd layer of muscles innervation

A

lateral and medial plantar nerves

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12
Q

Foot plantar surface 3rd layer of muscles blood supply

A

lateral and medial plantar arteries
deep plantar arch

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13
Q

Foot plantar surface 4th layer of muscles contents

A

Plantar interossei (3)
Dorsal interossei (4)

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14
Q

Foot plantar surface 4th layer of muscles actions

A

Digit 2 as axis for abduction and adduction

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15
Q

Foot plantar surface 4th layer of muscles innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve

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16
Q

Foot plantar surface 4th layer of muscles blood supply

A

lateral and medial plantar arteries
deep plantar arch

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17
Q

Foot dorsal aspect layer of muscles contents

A

Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis

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18
Q

Foot dorsal aspect layer of muscles actions

A

Extends the digits

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19
Q

Foot dorsal aspect layer of muscles innervation

A

deep fibular nerve

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20
Q

Foot dorsal aspect layer of muscles blood supply

A

Arcuate artery
Doral metatarsal artery
Dorsal digital artery

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21
Q

Abductor digiti minimi attachments

A

from… calcaneal tuberosity
to… lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit

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22
Q

Abductor digiti minimi actions

A

Abducts 5th digit
Flexes 5th digit

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23
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

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24
Q

Abductor hallucis attachments

A

from… medial calcaneal tuberosity
to… medial side of proximal phalangeal base of great toe

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25
Q

Abductor hallucis actions

A

Flexes great toe
Abducts great toe

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26
Q

Abductor hallucis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

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27
Q

Adductor hallucis attachments

A

from… 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) & distal ends of 3-5 metatarsal (transverse head)
to… lateral base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

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28
Q

Adductor hallucis actions

A

Adducts great toe

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29
Q

Adductor hallucis innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

30
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis attachments

A

from… anterolateral calcaneus
to… dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx (digit 1 for EHB) or to the lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus (digits 2-4 EDB)

31
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis actions

A

Extends digits 2-5 (MP & IP & EDB)
Extension of digit 1 (EHB)

32
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

33
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis attachments

A

from… extensor digitorum brevis
to… dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the halux

34
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis actions

A

extension of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

35
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L4-5-S1)

36
Q

Quadratus plantae attachments

A

from… medial surface of calcaneus & lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity
to… long flexor tendons

37
Q

Quadratus plantae actions

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus

38
Q

Quadratus plantae innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

39
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis attachments

A

from… medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
to… sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5

40
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis actions

A

Flexes toes (proximal IP)

41
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

42
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis attachments

A

from… 5th metatarsal base
to… proximal phalangeal base

43
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis actions

A

Flexion of 5th digit (MP)

44
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

45
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis attachments

A

from… cuboid & tendon of tibialis posterior
to… base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

46
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis actions

A

Flexion of great toe (MP)

47
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)

48
Q

Dorsal interossei attachments

A

from… metatarsal shafts
to… proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4

49
Q

Dorsal interossei actions

A

Abducts (MP) digits 2-4
Flexes (MP) digits 2-4

50
Q

Dorsal interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

51
Q

Plantar interossei attachments

A

from… plantar surface of base of metatarsals
to… dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5

52
Q

Plantar interossei actions

A

Adducts (MP) digits 3-5
Flexes (MP) digits 3-5

53
Q

Plantar interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

54
Q

Lumbricals attachments

A

from… tendons of flexor digitorum longus
to… medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5

55
Q

Lumbricals actions

A

Flexes proximal phalanges (MP)
Extends IP joints

56
Q

Lumbricals innervation

A

1st - medial plantar nerve (L4-5-S1)
2nd-4th - lateral plantar nerve (S1-2)

57
Q

Tendons that pass posterior to the medial malleolus (anterior to posterior)

A

Tom - Tibialis posterior
Dick - Flexor digitorum longus
And - Posterior tibial artery
Very - Posterior tibial vein
Nervous - Tibial nerve
Harry - Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor retinaculum (holds them in place)

58
Q

Describe the path taken by the muscular branch origin of the tibial nerve in the foot

A

Sciatic
Tibial
Medial plantar
Lateral plantar
- superficial branch
- deep branch
Common plantar
Proper plantar

59
Q

Describe the locations where one would take the medial malleolar and dorsalis pedis pulses

A

Medial malleolar - just posterior to medial malleolus
Dorsal pedis - dorsum of the foot lateral to extensor hallucis longus

60
Q

Primary motions that occur at the joints of the foot and ankle

A

Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
Eversion
Toe flexion
Toe extension
Toe abduction
Toe adduction

61
Q

Talocrural fibrous capsule attachments

A

From… the borders of the articular surfaces of the tibia & malleoli
to… the margins of the trochlear surface of the talus

62
Q

Medial collateral (deltoid) ligament attachments

A

from… the medial malleolus
to… the talus, navicular & sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus

63
Q

Medial collateral (deltoid) ligament functions

A

stabilizes joint & resists forces eversion

64
Q

Lateral ligaments of the ankle

A

Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Lateral talocalcaneal
Anterior talofibular

65
Q

Lateral ligaments of the ankle function

A

stabilize joint & resist forces inversion

66
Q

Long plantar ligament attachments

A

from… the plantar surface of the calcaneus & cuboid
to… the plantar surface of the bases of the metatarsals

67
Q

Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short plantar ligament) attachments

A

from… calcaneus
to… the plantar surface of the cuboid

68
Q

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) attachments

A

from… the anterior margin of the sustentaculum tali
to… the plantar surface of the navicular

69
Q

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) functions

A

supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot

70
Q

Tarsal bones mnemonic

A

Tiger - Talus
Cubs - Calcaneus
Need - Navicular
MILC - Cuneiforms: Medial, Intermediate, Lateral; Cuboid

Clinical Anatomy I (44 decks)

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