Wow is that is NEWclaic acid?! Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the structure of a nucleotide

A

A pentose sugar (because it has 5 carbon atoms)

A phosphate group
A nitrogen containing organic base - cytosine C thymine T, Uracil U, adenine A, and guanine G

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1
Q

What are some examples of nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

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2
Q

How are the components of nucleotides joined together

A

Condensation reactions will form a mononucleotide

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3
Q

When two mononucleotides join together what is the bond that will form and where will it form

A

Phosphodiester bond - between the deoxyribose sugar and the phosphate group of another

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4
Q

When a phosphodiester bond forms what is the new structure of the molecule called

A

Dinucleotide

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5
Q

When multiple dinucleotides join together what will it form

A

Polynucleotides

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6
Q

What is the make up of the polynucleotide of RNA

A
  • The pentose sugar is always a RIBOSE
  • the organic bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine and URACIL
  • and a phosphate group
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7
Q

What is the function of RNA

A

transfers genetic info from DNA to the ribosomes. The ribosomes themselves are made up of proteins and another type of RNA. A third type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis

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8
Q

What is the structure of dna

A

Deoxyribose
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
Phosphate group
DNA is made up of two strands of nucleotides ( polynucleotides)

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9
Q

What are dna strands joined together by

A

Hydrogen bonds

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10
Q

What does adenine pair with

A

Thymine

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11
Q

What does cytosine join with in dna

A

Guanine

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12
Q

Is adenine complementary to thymine

A

Yes

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13
Q

If adenine and thymine are complementary to one another what does this mean

A

Their quantities in dna are always the same as one another - same for cytosine and guanine

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14
Q

Is the ratio of A:T = C:G

A

No it varies from species to species

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15
Q

How does the dna double helix actually work

A

The uprights of the phosphate and deoxyribose wind around each other

16
Q
A