atp aznd water Flashcards
what is atp made from
adenosine - the nirogenous base
a ribose sugar
3 phosphates
what are the bonds like between the phosphate groups
weak so has a v low activation energy, bonds are easily broken
what happens when you break the bonds in atp
they release a considerable amount of energy
which enzyme is used to turn atp into ADP
ATP hydrolase
what is the equation for turning atp into enrgy
ATP + H2O —-> ADP +Pi + Energy
what kind of reaction is turning ATP into energy
hydrolysis
is the reaction between ATP TO ADP reversible
yes
how is adp to atp reversible
energy can be used to add the inorganic phosphat (Pi) to the ADP to reform the ATP
what is the reform reaction catalysed by
ATP synthase it is a condensation reaction
how do you actually add the inorganic phosphate to the ADP
- in chlorophyll containing plant cells during photosynthesis (photophosphorylation)
- in plant and animal cells during respiration ( oxidative phosphorylation)
- in plant and animal cell when phosphate groups are transferred from donor molecules to ADP (substrate-level-phosphorylation)
what is good/bad about atp
it is a good immediate source of energy due to the instability of the phosphate bonds but it is not a long-term energy source like glycogen
does ATP release more or less energy than glucose
less
what are some roles of ATP
activation of molecules - when the pi is released during hydrolysis of ATP it can be used to phosphorylate other compounds and make them more reactive and lowering ae
- active transport to move molecules against the conc grad low to high
metabolic processes - atp provides the energy needed to build molecules from their basic units
what kind of moleucule is water
a dipole molecule, because it has both positive and negative poles
what holds multiple water molecules
hydrogen bonds
