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RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Wound Management > Flashcards

Wound Management Flashcards

1
Q

Name four inhibitors of granulation tissue formation:

A
  1. Pressure
  2. Dry dressing
  3. Corticosteroid cream
  4. Caustic agents
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2
Q

T/F: Phenylbutazone may be used in equine and bovine species

A

False

Phenylbutazone​ should not be used in cattle (long residual effect)

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3
Q

If a horse has a wound and a previous tetanus vaccination history, what should be given?

A

tetanus toxoid

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4
Q

A skin graft from the same individual is termed __________

A

autograft

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5
Q

What is the correct order of wound management?

A

Pack –> Clip –> Lavage

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6
Q

What systemic antibiotics are often used in equines for wound management?

A

penicillin, penicillin/aminoglycoside, TMS

(local antibiotics may inhibit wound healing)

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7
Q

T/F: Treatments that arrest wound contraction and epitheliazation promote the formation of proud flesh

A

True

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8
Q

In general, how much of the small intestine can be safely resected?

A

~50%

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9
Q

A portion of skin consisting of all the epidermis and 75% of the dermis is harvested from the ventral pectoral area with a dermatome and expanded on stage of staggered razor blades before being sutured to a wound on the same horse’s cannon bone.

This type of skin graft is best described as a:

A

split-thickness mesh autograft

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10
Q

Aside from cosmetic appearance, what is the #1 problem with proud flesh?

A

delays wound healing

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11
Q

What is the rate of truncal wound epithelial migration?

A

0.2 mm/day

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12
Q

T/F: Penrose drains are used for active drainage of a wound

A

False

Penrose drains are used for passive drainage of a wound

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13
Q

Shown below is a ________ graft

A

mesh graft

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14
Q

The period in which the wound becomes larger before contraction is known as the __________

A

lag period

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15
Q

Horses that sustain a heel bulb laceration can successfully return to their intended use. Involvement of the ____________ joint is associated with a poor prognosis

A

distal interphalangeal joint

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16
Q

What is the rate of distal limb wound contraction?

A

0.2 mm/day

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17
Q

What is the ‘golden period’ in which a wound may be closed primarily?

A

4 to 6 hours

If there is <106 bacteria/gram of tissue= likely to heal without complication​

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18
Q

The #1 reason for using skin grafts in equine patients is for treatment of __________

A

proud flesh

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19
Q

What is the rate of distal limb wound epithelial migration?

A

0.09 mm/day​

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20
Q

What is a full thickness graft?

A

all of the epidermis and dermis

full thickness grafts give the best cosmetic appearance and hair growth

21
Q

What organism is most commonly isolated from traumatic wounds in equines?

A

Streptococcus

22
Q

__________ and __________ are the only mammals that develop excessive granulation tissue during wound healing

A

humans and equines

23
Q

A skin graft from another species is termed __________

A

xenograft

24
Q

Seabiscuit’s cousin, Oceanroll, had a contaminated wound that was left open, but closed before the period of fibroplasia began (<4 days). What type of wound healing is this?

A

Delayed primary intention healing

25
Q

Name three benefits of NSAIDs:

A
  1. Block prostaglandin synthesis
  2. Decrease inflammation
  3. Decrease pain
26
Q

What are the two types of free grafts?

A
  • Island grafts: pinch, punch, seed, or tunnel grafts
  • Sheet grafts: split of full thickness, solid or meshed grafts
27
Q

The graft type that is used in large animals is known as a free graft. What does that mean?

A

a graft with no blood supply

28
Q

T/F: Flunixin Meglumine (Banamine®) may be used in equine and bovine species

A

True

29
Q

What are the three major components of second intention wound healing?

A

fibroplasia, contraction, epithelialization

30
Q

What are the main advantages of pinch grafting?

A
  • Advantages:
    • General anesthesia not required
    • Minimal equipment necessary
    • Graft failure is rare
  • Disadvantages
    • ​Poor cosmetic appearance
    • Scant hair growth
31
Q

Debridement begins ____ hours after wounding

A

~6 hours

32
Q

What surgical technique is being shown on this horse?

A

punch grafting

33
Q

If a horse has a wound and no previous tetanus vaccination history, what should be given?

A

tetanus toxoid and tetanus antitoxin

34
Q

What procedure is being performed on this skin?

A

meshing

35
Q

What is a split thickness graft?

A

all of the epidermis and a portion of the dermis

36
Q

What is the rate of truncal wound contraction?

A

1 mm/day

37
Q

What component of second intention wound healing is observed here?

A

epithelialization

38
Q

A skin graft from another member of the same species is termed __________

A

allograft

39
Q

In basic terms, what is primary intention healing?

A

healing without fibroplasia

40
Q

Where is exuberant granulation tissue most commonly seen?

A

distal limbs

41
Q

This substance is commonly found associated with wounds on the distal limbs of horses, preventing or delaying wound healing:

A

granulation tissue

42
Q

Three three main reasons for skin graft failure:

A

motion, infection, hemorrha​ge

43
Q

During this type of wound healing the wound is allowed to heal without suture placement:

A

2nd intention

44
Q

This type of wound healing provides the best functional and cosmetic outcome for the patient:

A

primary

45
Q

This fracture extends across a growth plate and through the metaphysis:

A

Salter Harris Type II

46
Q

PDS takes approximately this long to absorb in the body:

A

180 days

47
Q

A wound in this location often leads to significant SQ emphysema, and in severe cases pneumomediastinum:

A

axillary region

48
Q

While these types of skin grafts are not very cosmetic, they are functional and easy to perform:

A

punch and pinch skin grafts

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery (32 decks)

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