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RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Equine Male Surgery > Flashcards

Equine Male Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Phallectomy patients must be castrated ___ week(s) pre-op

A

3-4 weeks

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2
Q

Which of the following drugs reportedly causes priapism in horses?

  • Phenylbutazone
  • Flunixin meglumine
  • Benztropine mesylate
  • Acepromazine maleate
A

Acepromazine maleate​

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3
Q

What is done to decrease dehiscence after segmental posthectomy?

A

simple interrupted suture

Use a simple interrupted suture pattern so if some sutures dehisce the entire surgery wont be ruined​

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4
Q

SCC of the penis with involvement of the urethra:

  • Is associated with a better prognosis for long term survival than SCC that does NOT involve the urethra
  • Is associated with a poorer prognosis for long term survival than SCC that does NOT involve the urethra
  • Necessitates immediate cicumferential posthectomy
  • Has no effect on the prognosis for long term survival of the horse
A

Is associated with a poorer prognosis for long term survival than SCC that does NOT involve the urethra​

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5
Q

What is a phallectomy?

A

amputation of the penis

Indicated in cases of irreparable penis damage (ex. penile paralysis) and extensive neoplasia

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6
Q

Circumferential posthectomy (reefing):

  • Is performed only for severe infiltrative lesions of the prepuce and penis
  • Is associated with a poor prognosis when compared with other sx techniques for external genital tumors
  • Should be performed only as a salvage procedure in stallions
  • Involves the removal of a circumferential ring of preputial tissue
A

Involves the removal of a circumferential ring of preputial tissue​

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7
Q

Local excision of solitary tumors of the equine external genitalia:

  • Is usually not possible because of rapid mets and invasion of lesions
  • Requires general anesthesia
  • Can be performed in the standing horse using local or epidural anesthesia
  • Is associated with a high cure rate for the treatment of horses with coalesced melanomas (dermal melanomatosis)
A

Can be performed in the standing horse using local or epidural anesthesia​

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8
Q

Radical resection of the penis and prepuce is indicated in patients with:

  • SCC of the terminal glans penis
  • Invasive neoplasia of the glans and prepuce
  • Proximal urethral cicatrix
  • None of the above
A

Invasive neoplasia of the glans and prepuce

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9
Q

Which of the following procedures has been used to treat horses with penile paralysis?

  • Phallopexy
  • Phallectomy
  • Segmental posthectomy
  • All of the above
A

All of the above​

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10
Q

What testicular neoplasms occur in the equine patient?

A
  • Seminoma
  • Teratoma
  • Interstitial cell tumor
  • Sertoli cell tumor
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11
Q

What is the main indication for a phallopexy?

A

penile paralysis

To retract a paralyzed penis

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12
Q

Perioperative administration of anticancer drugs:

  • Is not advised because of the high risk of wound dehiscence
  • Is not effective in treating horses with tumors of the external genitalia
  • Decreases the efficacy of the drugs because residual tumor cells are resistant to anticancer drugs
  • Optimizes the efficacy of the anticancer drugs against residual tumor cells
A

Optimizes the efficacy of the anticancer drugs against residual tumor cells​

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13
Q

Which of the following techniques is effective in the treatment of horses with priapism?

  • Segmental posthectomy
  • Phallopexy
  • Lavage of the CCP
  • All of the above
A

Lavage of the CCP​

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14
Q

Phallectomy techniques used in horses include:

  • Vinsot
  • Scott
  • Williams
  • All of the above
A

All of the above​

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15
Q

What phallectomy procedure is shown in the picture?

A

Visnots technique

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16
Q

What are some other names for segmental posthectomy?

A

Circumcision or Reefing

Indicated for removal of neoplasms, granulomas, scar tissue, chronic thickening or for penile paralysis

17
Q

What phallectomy procedure is shown in the picture?

A

Williams technique

18
Q

What phallectomy procedure is shown in the picture?

A

Scotts technique

19
Q

Laser vaporization of external urogenital tumors:

  • Has been successful for the treatment of horses with precancerous lesions
  • Is associated with a high risk of complications and should NOT be attempted
  • Does NOT require adequate surgical margins because the heat from the laser destroys all tumor cells
  • Is commonly performed using an Nd:YAG laser
A

Has been successful for the treatment of horses with precancerous lesions​

20
Q

Why is this triangle made in the William’s phallectomy technique?

A

Decreases stricture formation post-op

21
Q

In horses, the most common preputial neoplasm is:

A

SCC

22
Q

What are the aftercare instructions following segmental posthectomy?

A
  • Isolate from mares 2-4 weeks
  • Regular exercise (to reduce edema formation)
23
Q

Partial posthioplasty is indicated to treat patients with:

  • Invasive SCC
  • Local dermal SCC
  • Cutaneous habronemiasis
  • B and C
A

B and C​

24
Q

A 15-year-old American paint gelding is presented for severe preputial swelling with a foul odor. There are multiple SCC lesions on the penis and prepuce. The penis feels thickened and the superficial inguinal lymph nodes are enlarged. Which of the following techniques are indicated?

  • Cicumferential posthectomy and lymph node removal
  • Phallectomy
  • Laser ablation of the penile and preputial lesions
  • En bloc resection and penile retroversion with superficial inguinal lymph node removal
A

En bloc resection and penile retroversion with superficial inguinal lymph node removal​

25
Q

A solitary, 1cm diameter mass is identified on the penile body of a 13-year-old Appaloosa breeding stallion. The mass is cauliflower-like in appearance, has a narrow base. and does NOT appear to invade the penile tunic. The regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. Which of the following procedures would be most appropriate in this case?

  • Wait and recheck the mass in 6 months and then remove if it has enlarged
  • Perform an en bloc resection because the tumor has likely metastasized
  • Perform a local excision or circumferential posthectomy (reefing)
  • Perform a phallectomy immediately
A

Perform a local excision or circumferential posthectomy (reefing)​

26
Q

Phallectomy:

  • Should be performed when severe preputial lesions are present
  • Is indicated for horses with severe lesions of the distal penis
  • Involves the removal of a circumferential ring of preputial tissues
  • Should not be performed on geldings
A

Is indicated for horses with severe lesions of the distal penis​

27
Q

Lavage of the CCP is indicated in patients with:

  • Priapism
  • Penile paralysis
  • Penile hematoma
  • None of the above
A

Priapism

Persistent, and often painful, penile erection

28
Q

Which of the following drugs is reportedly successful in treating horses with priapism?

  • Atropine
  • Phenylephrine
  • Benztropine mesylate
  • Acepromazine maleate
A

Benztropine mesylate​

29
Q

Incomplete tumor excision:

  • Is associated with a transient decrease in proliferation of residual tumor cells and metastasis
  • Is associated with a transient increase in proliferation of residual tumor cells and metastasis
  • Has no effect on the kinetics of remaining cells
  • Is easily avoided when debulking tumors
A

Is associated with a transient increase in proliferation of residual tumor cells and metastasis

30
Q

En bloc resection and penile retroversion:

  • Are warranted for the treatment of horses with extensive lesions of the penis and/or prepuce with metastasis
  • Involve the resection of only the distal penis, including the glans
  • Are associated with an excellent prognosis
  • Should not be performed on geldings because of the change in urination behavior
A

Are warranted for the treatment of horses with extensive lesions of the penis and/or prepuce with metastasis​

31
Q

Which of the following can be used to treat superficial preputial carcinomas?

  • 5-FU ointment
  • Cryotherapy
  • Segmental posthectomy
  • All of the above
A

All of the above​

32
Q

Persistent and painful erection of the penis is termed:

A

priapism

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery (32 decks)

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