Equine Dental Surgery Flashcards
Are foals born with premolars?
Yes. Yes they are.
What are these?
enamel points
Enamel points are at the buccal side of maxillary teeth and the lingual side of mandibular teeth
What is the arrow pointing to?
ramp
Enamel points are at the __________ side of maxillary teeth and the __________ side of mandibular teeth
Enamel points are at the buccal side of maxillary teeth and the lingual side of mandibular teeth
When is the 2nd premolar replaced?
2 years
- 2nd premolar replaced at 2 years
- 3rd premolar replaced at 3 years
- 4th premolar replaced at 4 years
Identify the abnormality in this horse:
diastema
A space between teeth in the same dental arch
What is the arrow pointing to?
hook
Identify this instrument:
Molar forceps
What is the treatment for a dentigerous cyst?
complete surgical excision of dental remnant
What does this picture represent?
Curve of Spee
The natural slope of the equine dentition
What are bit seats and what is the purpose?
Rounding of PM2 so that if the tongue gets stuck between the teeth and bit it can slip out
Identify the abnormality in this horse:
Sheer mouth
- Complete atrophy of masseter mm.
- An extreme form of enamel points - teeth now like scissors
- Cannot correct all at one time. Treatment can take months to years and wait a couple weks or so between treatments
What is the benefit of using plaster of paris instead of PMMA?
PMMA has to be removed, plaster of paris will dissolve on its own
Identify this instrument:
Tooth cutter
This 3-year old gelding presented with swelling near the cheek teeth and what looks like bumps/lumps along mandible. What’s his deal?
Retained premolar caps
- Permanent teeth get backed up - baby teeth are still on top of permanent, blocking proper eruption
- To fix it, you literally just use a screwdriver and pop the caps off
- Takes a couple weeks for the bumps to disappear
Are foals born with molars?
No.
The tooth structure of the dentigerous cysts most often resembles that of
- Molars
- Incisors
- Premolars
- Canine teeth
- Wolf tooth
Molars
Which of the following statements concerning diagnostic evaluation of dental disease in horses is false?
- careful examination of the incisors and second and third premolars accurately reflects changes to the more caudal teeth
- oral specula may facilitate oral examination, but extreme caution should be used to avoid injuring the patient or veterinarian
- diagnostic radiography may be taken in the field using standing sedation and standard veterinary radiographic equipment
- greater detail of individual tooth roots may be obtained from interior occlusal dental films
careful examination of the incisors and second and third premolars accurately reflects changes to the more caudal teeth
In equine teeth, how many mm are worn away from the cups each year?
2mm
Identify the abnormality in this horse:
Wave mouth
When are the molars replaced?
They aren’t.
When is the first incisor replaced?
2.5 years
- 1st incisor replaced at 2 ½
- 2nd incisor replaced at 3 ½
- 3rd incisor replaced at 4 ½
The procedure to remove the enamel points is called:
floating
Before floating, be sure to visualize and palpate the teeth
When removing cheek teeth, general anesthesia is needed If you are unable to get the tooth out after ______ minutes
20 minutes
Identify this instrument:
Speculum
What procedure is being performed here?
Creating bit seats
Make second premolar a little smoother to trap the bit/bevel the second premolar to prevent pinching of the mucosa (make a smooth divot in the body of the 2nd premolar)
Identify this instrument:
Swale’s mouth gag
This horse presented with recurrent draining and swelling in the area at the base of the ear. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Dentigerous cyst
- Congenital anomaly
- Dental remnants - Contains dental elements
- Tx: complete surgical excision of dental remnant
Which of the following statements concerning abnormalities of the occlusal surfaces of equine teeth is false?
- Sharp enamel edges normally develop along the buccal aspect of the lower arcade and the lingual aspect of the upper arcade as a result of normal mastication.
- Shear mouth, as excessive * of the labia surfaces of the teeth, is most common in older horses
- Dental extraction results in marked variation in the height of individual teeth (step mouth).
- A lack of transverse ridges on the labia surfacing of the teeth (smooth mouth) is commonly a disease of older horses and may be influenced by diet and environment.
- None of the above
Sharp enamel edges normally develop along the buccal aspect of the lower arcade and the lingual aspect of the upper arcade as a result of normal mastication
Identify this piece of equipment:
Haussmann mouth gag
How deep are the cups in the teeth?
6mm
Identify the abnormality in this horse:
He appears to no longer be alive
Also, wave mouth and ramps
Identify this instrument:
Trephine
What are the landmarks for trephination into the maxillary sinus?
Half way on an imaginary line from the cranial edge of the facial crest to the medial canthus of the eye. Drill ~1 cm above that line
Are foals born with incisors?
Nay.
- Horse jokes.*
- 1st incisor appears at 6 days, 2nd incisor appears at 6 weeks, 3rd incisor appears at 6 months*
