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RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Equine Dental Surgery > Flashcards

Equine Dental Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Are foals born with premolars?

A

Yes. Yes they are.

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2
Q

What are these?

A

enamel points

Enamel points are at the buccal side of maxillary teeth and the lingual side of mandibular teeth

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3
Q

What is the arrow pointing to?

A

ramp

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4
Q

Enamel points are at the __________ side of maxillary teeth and the __________ side of mandibular teeth

A

Enamel points are at the buccal side of maxillary teeth and the lingual side of mandibular teeth

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5
Q

When is the 2nd premolar replaced?

A

2 years

  • 2nd premolar replaced at 2 years
  • 3rd premolar replaced at 3 years
  • 4th premolar replaced at 4 years
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6
Q

Identify the abnormality in this horse:

A

diastema

A space between teeth in the same dental arch​

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7
Q

What is the arrow pointing to?

A

hook

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8
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Molar forceps

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9
Q

What is the treatment for a dentigerous cyst?

A

complete surgical excision of dental remnant​

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10
Q

What does this picture represent?

A

Curve of Spee

The natural slope of the equine dentition

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11
Q

What are bit seats and what is the purpose?

A

Rounding of PM2 so that if the tongue gets stuck between the teeth and bit it can slip out

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12
Q

Identify the abnormality in this horse:

A

Sheer mouth

  • Complete atrophy of masseter mm.
  • An extreme form of enamel points - teeth now like scissors
  • Cannot correct all at one time. Treatment can take months to years and wait a couple weks or so between treatments
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13
Q

What is the benefit of using plaster of paris instead of PMMA?

A

PMMA has to be removed, plaster of paris will dissolve on its own

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14
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Tooth cutter

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15
Q

This 3-year old gelding presented with swelling near the cheek teeth and what looks like bumps/lumps along mandible. What’s his deal?

A

Retained premolar caps

  • Permanent teeth get backed up - baby teeth are still on top of permanent, blocking proper eruption
  • To fix it, you literally just use a screwdriver and pop the caps off
  • Takes a couple weeks for the bumps to disappear
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16
Q

Are foals born with molars?

A

No.

17
Q

The tooth structure of the dentigerous cysts most often resembles that of

  • Molars
  • Incisors
  • Premolars
  • Canine teeth
  • Wolf tooth
A

Molars​

18
Q

Which of the following statements concerning diagnostic evaluation of dental disease in horses is false?

  • careful examination of the incisors and second and third premolars accurately reflects changes to the more caudal teeth
  • oral specula may facilitate oral examination, but extreme caution should be used to avoid injuring the patient or veterinarian
  • diagnostic radiography may be taken in the field using standing sedation and standard veterinary radiographic equipment
  • greater detail of individual tooth roots may be obtained from interior occlusal dental films
A

careful examination of the incisors and second and third premolars accurately reflects changes to the more caudal teeth​

19
Q

In equine teeth, how many mm are worn away from the cups each year?

A

2mm

20
Q

Identify the abnormality in this horse:

A

Wave mouth

21
Q

When are the molars replaced?

A

They aren’t.

22
Q

When is the first incisor replaced?

A

2.5 years

  • 1st incisor replaced at 2 ½
  • 2nd incisor replaced at 3 ½
  • 3rd incisor replaced at 4 ½
23
Q

The procedure to remove the enamel points is called:

A

floating

Before floating, be sure to visualize and palpate the teeth

24
Q

When removing cheek teeth, general anesthesia is needed If you are unable to get the tooth out after ______ minutes

A

20 minutes

25
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Speculum

26
Q

What procedure is being performed here?

A

Creating bit seats

Make second premolar a little smoother to trap the bit/bevel the second premolar to prevent pinching of the mucosa (make a smooth divot in the body of the 2nd premolar)

27
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Swale’s mouth gag

28
Q

This horse presented with recurrent draining and swelling in the area at the base of the ear. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Dentigerous cyst

  • Congenital anomaly
  • Dental remnants - Contains dental elements
  • Tx: complete surgical excision of dental remnant
29
Q

Which of the following statements concerning abnormalities of the occlusal surfaces of equine teeth is false?

  • Sharp enamel edges normally develop along the buccal aspect of the lower arcade and the lingual aspect of the upper arcade as a result of normal mastication.
  • Shear mouth, as excessive * of the labia surfaces of the teeth, is most common in older horses
  • Dental extraction results in marked variation in the height of individual teeth (step mouth).
  • A lack of transverse ridges on the labia surfacing of the teeth (smooth mouth) is commonly a disease of older horses and may be influenced by diet and environment.
  • None of the above
A

Sharp enamel edges normally develop along the buccal aspect of the lower arcade and the lingual aspect of the upper arcade as a result of normal mastication

30
Q

Identify this piece of equipment:

A

Haussmann mouth gag​

31
Q

How deep are the cups in the teeth?

A

6mm

32
Q

Identify the abnormality in this horse:

A

He appears to no longer be alive

Also, wave mouth and ramps

33
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Trephine

34
Q

What are the landmarks for trephination into the maxillary sinus?

A

Half way on an imaginary line from the cranial edge of the facial crest to the medial canthus of the eye. Drill ~1 cm above that line

35
Q

Are foals born with incisors?

A

Nay.

  • Horse jokes.*
  • 1st incisor appears at 6 days, 2nd incisor appears at 6 weeks, 3rd incisor appears at 6 months*

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery (32 decks)

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