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Interior Design > Woods > Flashcards

Woods Flashcards

1
Q

Light grayish brown to reddish brown striking grain

A

Oak

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2
Q

Creamy white to light reddish brown straight grain

A

Maple

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3
Q

Light gray brown to dark purple brown

A

Walnut

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4
Q

Cream color to light reddish brown visible resin canals and growth rings

A

Pine

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5
Q

Cream white to light reddish brown extremely small pores

A

Birch

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6
Q

Light to dark reddish brown, straight grain and small individual pores

A

Cherry

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7
Q

Grayish through creamy white through to a reddish dark brown

A

Ash

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8
Q

Yellowish brown through reddish brown to dark red

A

Mahogany

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8
Q

Very light brown hardwood

A

Beech

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9
Q

QLight yellow to brownish yellow with green tinge

A

Poplar

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10
Q

Tawny yellow to dark brown with frequent lighter an darker streaks

A

Teak (Indonesia)

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11
Q

Creamy white to reddish brown occasional dark brown

A

Pecan

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12
Q

Light brown to dark brown often containing shades of red

A

Elm

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13
Q

Various shades of dark brown to dark purple

A

Rosewood

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14
Q

Creamy white to yellowish with obvious differences between spring and summer growth

A

Fir

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15
Q

Deep reddish brown with obvious alternating spring and summer growth rings

A

Redwood

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16
Q

Light red with light colored streaks running throughout

A

Cedar

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17
Q

Pale Reddish Brown

A

Sycamore

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18
Q

Pale to dark brown with occasional red streaks running throughout

A

Butternut

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19
Q

Creamy white to creamy brown with frequent reddish markings

A

Basswood

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20
Q

Strip piled to solid foundation allow air to circulate around every piece while sloping allows water to run off quickly

A

Natural Drying- Air/ Sun Drying

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21
Q

Done in dry kiln lumber is artificially dried in correct moisture content

A

Kiln Drying

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22
Q

Fibers running in the same direction as the main axis of the Tree

A

Straight Grain

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23
Q

Grains are in successive layers in opposite direction

A

Inter-locked Grain

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24
Q

Constantly changing in orientation so that a line drawn parallel their direction appears as wavy

A

Wavy or Curly Grain

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25
Q

Gain logged not sawn along its vertical axis

A

Diagonal Grain

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26
Q

Grain of tree grows twisted

A

Spiral Grain

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27
Q

fiber’s run approximately parrallel with vertical axis of log

A

Straight Grain

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28
Q

Grain direction of wood fibers has constantly changed

A

Wavy Grain

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29
Q

Fibers at directions that are varying and irregular from from log’s vertical axis

A

Irregular Grain

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30
Q

Grain structure sawn fibers lined up in opposite directions

A

Interlocked Grain

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31
Q

Grain structure sawn board is cut in grain direction but through radius

A

Quarter/Radial Grain

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32
Q

Grain structure sawn cut across the grain

A

End Grain

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33
Q

Methods of sawing : most common method, highest quality usable lumber

A

Plain Sawing

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34
Q

Methods of sawing: cuts log in quarters

A

Quarter Sawing

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35
Q

Methods of sawing: sawing through and through

A

Live Saw

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36
Q

effect of basal stumps of incipient or cast off branches in the living tree

A

Knots

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37
Q

Small knots caused by shedding of early branches

A

Pin Knots

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38
Q

Knots sliced through their length during sawing, “slash knots”

A

Spike/ Slash Knots

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39
Q

Dead Knots which are still sound and difficult to dislodge

A

Encased Knots

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40
Q

two or three knots springing from a common center

A

Branched Knots

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41
Q

medullary and springwood are weaker than remainder and built in tensions

A

Shakes

42
Q

log piths or heart radially along medullary rays that the tree has passed its prime

A

Radial Shakes

43
Q

Project inwardly from definite frost rib on cambium, result of severe weather

A

Frost Shakes

44
Q

Soft Springwood splits away from harder summerwood during seasoning or shearing stress caused by old age

A

Tangential Shake

45
Q

Failures caused by compression

A

Cross Shakes

46
Q

“Resin Pockets” appear as thin veins or shallow cavities filled with resin

A

Pitch Veins, Pitch pockets

47
Q

Repeated damage to cambium layer by small insects

A

Pitch Flecks

48
Q

Patches of ingrowing bark cause of exterior damage to growing tree

A

Rind Galls

49
Q

Sapwood dies ring by ring forming heartwood, if sapwood survive within heartwood, show as lighter patches in Rio rosewood

A

Internal Sapwood

50
Q

not usually classifies as defects, may enhance value of timber

A

Burls/ Burrs

51
Q

Tissue formed over wound in tree resulting unnatural growth

A

Callus

52
Q

Fungoid disease

A

Canker

53
Q

Partially heated fire scar

A

Catface

54
Q

Wood shrink on drying creating internal strains and stresses

A

Artificial defects

55
Q

Hollows across width

A

Cupping/ Rounding

56
Q

Curved throughout its length, succession of short bows

A

Cupping/ Rounding

57
Q

Edge Bend, wood remains flat hut bends edgewise on own plane

A

Springing

58
Q

Twists on its longitudinal axis long edges are straight and diagonals are curved

A

Twisting

59
Q

Synonymous terms for distortion in one or more directions

A

Warping/ Casting

60
Q

Butt end of plank splits open caused by rapid drying

A

End Splitting

61
Q

wood covered with small splits along the grain by too rapid drying in hot sun

A

Sun Checking

62
Q

Wood lifts in innumerable small flakes or layers which spring under cutting action preventing smooth surface

A

Flaking

63
Q

Grain runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis due to incorrect sawing

A

Diagonal Grain

64
Q

If wood dried too quickly

A

Case Hardening

65
Q

If kiln-drying of case hardened timber is continued to dryness then natural shrinkage movement of moist interior will locked in

A

Honeycombing

66
Q

Too rapid kiln drying of green timber can result in a flattening of wood cells by vacuums

A

Collapse

67
Q

Part of Tree perpendicular to growth rings

A

Medullar Rays

68
Q

Chemical belonging to such groups as acids, alcohol, resinous substances, oils, dyes, and pigments

A

Wood Finishes

69
Q

Emphasize and enhance charm of natural wood color and grain

A

Transparent

70
Q

Soak into wood pores to give natural look and feel

A

Penetrating Finishes

71
Q

Seals wood pores for protection against water and other destrucutive elements

A

Surface Coating

72
Q

from resins dissolved in ethyl alcohol, high gloss when dried

A

Clear Lacquer

73
Q

Resin +Ethyl Alcohol=

A

Lacquer

74
Q

from various gums and resins dissolved in an oil or alcohol, elastic finish

A

Varnish

75
Q

Resins+Oil=

A

Varnish

76
Q

from gums derived from plants, insects, and vegetable matter

A

Natural

77
Q

from synthetic resin, esterified glycerineq

A

Synthetic

78
Q

Spirit Varnish made by dissolving lurified lac flakes in denatured alcohol

A

Shellac

79
Q

Lac Flakes+ Denatured Alcohol=

A

Shellac

79
Q

achieved by boiling linseed oil or various other oils

A

Oil Stain Finish

80
Q

Transparent plastic finish made of polyhydric esterified with etc . Very tough, hard, flexible finish

A

Polyurethane Finish

81
Q

Achieved by brushing, rubbing or spraying processed fatty acids from animals and vegetables combo with alcohol, hardness and durability

A

Wax or Films

82
Q

Dyes or pigments suspended in water or oil, alters coloring of the wood accentuates without covering grain of wood

A

Wood Stain Finish

83
Q

Achieved by applying various acids and chlorine compound by bleaching agents, lightening wood color to yellowish

A

Bleach Finish

84
Q

Comparatively weak, removing chemical, dyes, ink, and water stain

A

Chlorinated Laundry Bleach

85
Q

Best bleach to use not only on natural wood colors but also many water and chemical stain

A

Oxalic Acid

86
Q

Fairly expensive and extremely strong, bring out really light on dark wood

A

Two-Solution Bleaches

87
Q

Gives solid finish for protection and decoration

A

Opaque

88
Q

mixture of solid pigment suspended in a liquid vehicle

A

Paints and Enamels

89
Q

finely ground insoluble substance suspended in a liquid vehicle to impart color and opacity

A

Pigment

90
Q

either white lead, oxide, lithophane or titanium

A

White pigment

91
Q

derived from minerals or clay

A

Colored pigments

92
Q

whitting talc or silica

A

Extenders

93
Q

nonvolatile fluid in which solid body material is suspended

A

vehicles

94
Q

volatile liquid used to dilute paint or varnish to the desired or proper consistency

A

Thinners

95
Q

added to paint to accelerate oxidation and hardening of vehicle

A

Driers

96
Q

Simulates appearances and textures or natural materials such as marbles granite and other stones

A

Other Decorative and Fanciful Finishes

97
Q

Made of thin veneer sheets glued together arranged crosswise

A

Plywood

98
Q

size of wood boarda

A

4’x8’ or 1200mmx2400mm

99
Q

Series of wood core strips glued together side by side to form slab sandwiched

A

Plyboards

100
Q

Composed of wood chips carefully graded mixed with synthetic resin glue and pressed

A

Particle Boards

101
Q

Used extensively in the building industry in various density, application for furniture used for back panels and drawer bottoms

A

Fiber Boards

102
Q

Same construction as fiberboards except that it has thin outer pressed melamine finish

A

Melamine Boards

Interior Design (17 decks)

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