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PANCE- Things I didnt know > Women's Health > Flashcards

Women's Health Flashcards

1
Q

Kleinhauer-Betke Test

A

Shows how many fetal RBC are in mom’s circulation

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2
Q

Most common type of Endometrial neoplams

A

*Adenocarcinoma in endometrial lining

Sarcoma are in the muscle layer

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3
Q

Where is the most common site for edometriosis tissue to implant

A

Peritoneal

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4
Q

Leiomyomata locations - where is each

  1. Subserosal
  2. Submucosal
  3. Intramural
A

AKA fibroids

  1. under outer lining of uterus by bladder, colon, GI
  2. under inner lining- can cause prolapse
  3. between the two layers
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5
Q

Name the 3 types of Cyst

and their normal sizes

A
  1. Follicular <2.5
  2. Corpus Luteum <3
  3. Thecal - bilateral
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6
Q

What size cyst is going to torsion

A

> 5cm

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7
Q

What are the most common cancers associated with Epithelial Neoplasm

A
  1. BRCA mutation
  2. Lynch Syndrome
  3. Hereditary Nonpolposis colorectal cancer
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8
Q

Germ cell neoplasms will have what tumor markers increased ?

A 
Any of theses will be in the test question an elevation in: 
Alpha-fetoprotein
Beta-HCG 
LDH 
Alkaline Phosphatase
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9
Q

At what age is the HPV vaccine given

A

Girls 9-26

Boys 9-18

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10
Q

Treatment for Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone IM

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11
Q

Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline + Azithromycin

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12
Q

Treatment for HSV

A

Acyclovir or Valacyclovir

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13
Q

Treatment for HPV

A

Depends on the stage

LEEP

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14
Q

Treatment for Trichomonas

A

Metronidazole

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15
Q

Treatment for Candida

A

Fluconazole

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16
Q

What is primary Amenorrhea

A

No period by Age 14 with boobs

No period by Age 13 without boobs

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17
Q

What is secondary Amenorrhea

A 
Started period normally 
then stopped periods for 6 months 
-ovarian failure
-pregnancy
-Fragile x
-PCOS
-Asherman syndrome- after a DC
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18
Q

What is the average age for menopause

A

51

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19
Q

How long can perimenopause last

A

3-5 years of irregular menopause

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20
Q

What is premature menopause

A

No menses before age 40

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21
Q

What is the main hormones in menopause

A

*Estrone
Testosterone
Androstenedione

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22
Q

What is the definitive diagnosis of menopause

A

FSH >30mIU/ML

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23
Q

Most common organism in mastitis

A

Staph Aureus

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24
Q

symptoms of Fibroadenoma

A

round, firm, smooth, mobile, non-tender

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25
Q

Key terms for this diagnosis- Nipple lesions that is sclaey, red

A

Paget disease - ductal carcinoma of the nipple

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26
Q

where is the most common location for breast cancer

A

Ductal 80%

Lobular 20%

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27
Q

Treatment for ER postitive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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28
Q

What medication could cause Glactorrhea

A

Spironolactone

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29
Q

what is the goal of OCP

A

inhibit ovulation

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30
Q

What is the windown of Emergency Contraception

A

3-5 days

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31
Q

What is the first line treatment for Infertility

A

Clomiphene citrate - clomid

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32
Q

What is Naegele rule

A

Estimated date of confinement aka due date
Take the first day of the last menstral period
subtract 3 months
add 7 days

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33
Q

What is the first trimester genetic screen option

A

Pregnancy associated plasma protein A - PAPPA

Low PAPPA and high HCG = Trisomy 18 or 21

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34
Q

at how many weeks can a nuchal translucency screen be done?

A

12 weeks

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35
Q

low estriol
low AFP
High inhibin
what would these lab values mean in pregnancy?

A

increase risk for genetic disorders

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36
Q

What is the next step if the nuchal translucency screen

is postitive

A

chorionic villi sampling - CVA or amniocentesis

37
Q

Fetal heart rate - what is normal

A

2 accelerations in 20 mins
up to 15bpm from baseline
NO decelerations

38
Q

How far does dilation go to

A

10cm

39
Q

what is effacement

A

thining of cervix

40
Q

what is station

A

where baby is to the ischeal spine
0- at the spine
if its below its +1 , +2

41
Q

What is the first stage of labor

A 
bloddy show , mucous plug 
contractions that are regular 
10 cm cervix 
usually 6-20 hours first 
2-14 second kid
42
Q

What is the second stage of labor

A

10 cm dilated –> baby is delivered

last 30min-3 hours

43
Q

What is the Third stage of labor

A

Delivering placenta

lasts 0-30mins

44
Q

What is the fourth stage of labor

A

the hour after delivery

treating lacerations, tears, hemorrhages

45
Q

what is the external fetal monitoring called

A

Tocodynamometer

46
Q

What is the worst thing to see on fetal monitoring

A

late decelerations are bad

uteroplacental insufficiency with lack of blood flow to infant

47
Q

what do you do if you are concerned about Fetal heart tones

A

lay mom on her left side
oxygen
stop oxytocin !!!

48
Q

What is the APGAR score

A 
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration 
score 0, 1, 2
49
Q

What does the placenta cord contain

A

3 vessels
2 artries
1 vein

50
Q

what does oxytocin or potocin do?

A

Increases contraction strenghts

51
Q

what is the definition of post-partum hemorrhage

A

10% drop in Hematocrit %
>500ml blood loss from vaginal birth
1000ml blood loss from c-section

52
Q

What are reasons for Early postpartum hemorrhage

A

<24 hours after delivery
laceration
retained products of conception
abnormal involution- didn’t go back to normal position

53
Q

What are reasons for Late postpartum hemorrhage

A

Retained POC

endometritis

54
Q

How long can Lochia last ?

A

normal vaginal bleeding after baby

up to 6 weeks

55
Q

what are clues tot ectopic pregnancy

A

HCG lower than normal

56
Q

What is the Discrimiatory Zone

A

Used for ectopic pregnancies

If the BHCG is >1500 you should see a little baby on US

57
Q

Treatment for Ectopic pregnancy

A

Early- Methotrexate
Folic acid antagonist - kills the embryo
Later- surgery

58
Q

What are 3 types of Gestational Trophblastic Diseases

A

Hydatidiform mole
Trophoblastic tumor
Choriocarcinoma

59
Q 
Key terms for this diagnosis- Grape like or snowstrom on ultrasound 
abnormal bleeding 
uterine size is bigger than dates 
Hyperemesis Gravidarum 
HCG levels higher than normal 
20% go onto malignancy
A

Hydatidiform mole

60
Q

What is the most common type of Gestational Trophblastic Disease

A

Hydatidiform mole

61
Q

What is the most common type of Multiple Gestation

A

Fraternal - Dizygotic

two eggs fertilized by two sperm

62
Q

Diagnosis for <20 weeks with HTN

A

Chronic hypertension

she probably had HTN before getting pregnant

63
Q

Treatment for Hypertension in <20 weeks Pregnancy

negtaive for protein

A

Methyldopa

Labatol

64
Q

Key terms for this diagnosis
Edema +/-, protein in urine, blood pressuer >140/90
but less than 160/110

A

mild Preeclampsia

Severe 160-180

65
Q

What is HELLP syndrome

A

Severe Precclampisa- BP 160-180
Protein in urine
Edema +/-

Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets

66
Q

Treatment for PreEclampisa

A

Hydralazine OR Labetalol
Magnesium sulfate IV to prevent seizure
ultimate treatment is delivery !!!!
Can happen up to 6 weeks after delivery !!!!

67
Q

What is Eclampsia

A

Preeclampsia + seizure

68
Q

when is Rhogam given

A

28-29 weeks
At any time there could be bleed or trauma
+ another dose if baby is RH +

69
Q

what is the most common cause of painful bleeding in the 3rd trimester

A

Abruptio Placentae

70
Q

Treatment for Abruptio Placentae

A 
large = C-section 
small = follow
71
Q

what is the most common cause of painless bleeding in the 3rd trimester

A

Placental Previa

72
Q

what is the most important thing to remember for Placental Previa

A

No pelvic exam

73
Q

Treatment for Placental Previa

A

C - section if complete

74
Q

Vaginal bleeding and the Os is closed

A

Threatened Abortion

75
Q

Vaginal bleeding and the OS is open

A

Inevitable Abortion

76
Q

Vaginal bleeding and the Os is open the US shows incomplete expulsion of POC

A

Incomplete

77
Q

Treatment for Incomplete or Missed abortion

A

D & C

78
Q

What weeks is the quad screen done?

A

15-22 weeks

79
Q

at how many weeks can an amniocentesis be done?

A

15-18 weeks

80
Q

Treatment for Pregnant patient with UTI

A

Nirtrofuratoin

81
Q

what happens in the luteal phase?

A

decrease in estrdiol and increase in progestrone

82
Q

what are days 1-23 & 13-17 of the menstration cycle

A

Days 1-13 follicular phase

Days 13-17 Ovulatory phase

83
Q

How many mL are lost during menstration

A

80mL

84
Q

what is the best treatment for DVT in pregnancy

A

Levonox

85
Q

what genetic disorder is Hunington disease

A

Autosomal Dominant

86
Q

In the first trimester what is the most accurate way to measure baby EGA

A

Crown - to -rump

87
Q

In the second-Third trimester what is the most accurate way to measure baby EGA

A

Use a combo
Femur lenght *
abdominal
Head circumference

88
Q

what hormone level causes the basal tempature to rise during mentration

A

progesterone

PANCE- Things I didnt know (21 decks)

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