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PANCE- Things I didnt know > Musculo- Upper extremites + Spine > Flashcards

Musculo- Upper extremites + Spine Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve 1st dorsal web space

A

Radial

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2
Q

What nerve Volar pad of small finger

volar and dorsal surface of hand

A

Ulnar

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3
Q

What nerve Volar pad of index finger

A

Median

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4
Q

What nerve does thumb extension

A

Radial

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5
Q

What nerve thumb opposition

A

Median

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6
Q

What nerve criss-cross fingers

A

Ulnar

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7
Q

What nerve Medial calf

A

L3-L4

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8
Q

What nerve outside of the calf

A

Supra peroneal L4-5

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9
Q

What nerve top of foot

A

Deep Peroneal L4-L5

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10
Q

What nerve calf region

A

Sural S1-S2

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11
Q

What nerve plantar foot

A

Tibial nerve

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12
Q

What nerve dorsiflexion

A

Deep peroneal

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13
Q

What nerve Plantar flexion

A

Tibial N

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14
Q

What nerve Inversion

A

Tibial N

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15
Q

What nerve Eversion

A

Superficial perineal

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16
Q

What type of salter-Harris affects only the physis

A

AKA the growth plate

Type 1

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17
Q

What type of salter-Harris: Physis + Metaphysis

A

Type 2 - most common

growth plate plus superior

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18
Q

What type of salter-Harris: Physis + Epiphysis

A

Type 3

Growth plate plus inferior

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19
Q

What type of salter-Harris: Physis + Metaphysis + Epiphysis

A

Type 4

Through top portion, growth plate and below

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20
Q

What type of salter-Harris: crush to Physis

A

Type 5

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21
Q

What tendon is involved in Rotator cuff impinement syndrome

A

Supraspinatus tendon entrapment

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22
Q

What physical exam sign are postitive in impinement syndrome

A 
Painful arc * 
Night pain* 
Hawkins kennedy test 
Neer test 
Empty can test
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23
Q

What are the mucles involved in Rotator Cuff tear

A 
SITS 
supraspinatus - external rotation 
infraspinatus - external rotation
Teres minor - exxternal rotation 
Subscapularis - internal rotation
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24
Q

What motion/physical exam will be decreased in Rotor cuff tears

A

abduction
external rotation
Drop arm test +

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25
Q

Grading for AC joint injury

A 
Grade 1. Stretched 
Grade 2. Torn 0-100 degrees lift 
Grade 3 >100 degree lift 
 Acromioclavicular joint injury + Coracoclavicular ligament tear 
3- will need surgery
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26
Q

What joint is affected in dislocation

A

Glenohumeral joint

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27
Q

Hill-sachs lesion

A

Humeral head fraction/indentation

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28
Q

Bankart lesion

A

Glenoid larum Tear

need an MRI to see this

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29
Q

What would be buzz words for a posterior shoulder dislocation

A

Seizure
lightening strike
Electroconvulsive therapy

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30
Q

What nerve can become intraped in Shoulder dislocation

A

Axillary nerve

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31
Q

What do you need to do after closed reductions

A

Re-xray always! and redo physical exam

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32
Q

key terms for this diagnosis-
history of DM, Autoimmune thyroid disease
Slow onset of diffuse pain across shoulder for 6 months
Stiffness for 6 months
then increase ROM 2 years

A

Adhesive capsulitis

thickening of the joint capsule

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33
Q

Most common site for Clavicle fracture

A

middle 1/3

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34
Q

Key terms for this diangosis
Postitive Adsons
Roos test

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

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35
Q

what physical exam
hold arm up and feel pulse
turn head and take a deep breath and hold it

A

Adsons
the pulse will drop
+Thoracic outlet syndrome

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36
Q

what physical exam
both arms up like a field goal
open and close both fists 1-3mins

A

Roos test
reproduce symptoms - numbness, tingling
+ Thoracic outlet syndrome

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37
Q

Nerve injured with

Humerus fracture

A

Radial Nerve

  • dropped hand
  • cant do thumb extension
  • numb inside arm
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38
Q

Supracondylar Humerus Fracture - most common in whom ?

A

KIDS!
distal humerus
above the elebow

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39
Q

What nerve can get damaged in Supracondylar Humerus Fracture

A

Brachial artery injury

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40
Q

What is a complication of Supracondylar Humerus Fracture

A

Volkmann contracture

-type of compartment syndrome

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41
Q

Sail sign

A

Anterior fat pad sign

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42
Q

What splint for Radial head fracture

A

Long arm posterior molded splint

LAPMS

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43
Q

key terms for this diangosis-
numbness of ring and small fingers
+ tinels
+ Froment sign

A

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

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44
Q

Froment sign

A 
Flexion at the thumb IPJ 
have them put paper inbetween and flex 
\+ the paper will slip out 
\+ = Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
the ulnar nerve
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45
Q

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

involves what nerve

A

ulnar nerve

46
Q

Key terms- Inflamed or nonflammed elbow

red and painful

A

Olecranon Brusitis

  • elbow trauma
  • infection
  • gout
47
Q

Key terms- pain will hand grib and wrist extension

A

Lateral Epicondylitis

“tennis elbow”

48
Q

Key terms- pain with wrist flexion

A

Medial Epicondylitis

“ Golfers elbow”

49
Q

Subluxation of non-ossified radial head

A

Nursemaid elbow

-From incomplete developed annular ligament

50
Q

What type of fracture -

Fracture of posterior ulna and radial head dislocation

A

Monteggia fracture

51
Q

What type of fracture -
Fracture of distal radius & dislocation of ulnar head
“distal radio-ulnar joint”

A

Galezzi fracture

52
Q

What type of fracture -
Fracture of radial head
dislocation of the distal radial ulnar joint & tear of the interosseous membrane

A

Essex-Loresti

53
Q

THINK pneumonic for forearm fractures

GRUM

A

GRUM

Galeasszi -> Radius fracture ulnar dislocated

54
Q

key terms- Compartment of extensor pollicuis brevis & Abducctor pollicis longus
pain over radial styloid

A

DeQuervain Tenosynovitis

55
Q

Finkelstein

A

Thumb in fist & ulnar deviate

+ = DeQuervain Tenosynovitis

56
Q

Treatment DeQuervain Tenosynovitis

A

Thumb spica splint

57
Q

Key terms- pain/numbness first 3 fingers &

half of ring finger

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

median nerve entrapment

58
Q

Treatment for Carpal Tunnel

A

Volar splint

atrophy- > surgery

59
Q

Dinner Fork deformity

A

Colles Fracture

60
Q

key terms- dorasal angulated
fracture of radius
+/- unlar styloid

A

Colles Fracture

61
Q

key terms- radial wrist pain, snuff box tenderness

A

Scaphoid fracture

risk of - AVN

62
Q

Most common wrist bone fracture

A

Scaphoid fracture

63
Q

Key terms- Diastatsis >3MM

of scaphoid and lunate bone

A

Scapholunate Dislocation
aka a wrist sprain but usually
-> surgery!

64
Q

Key terms- Volar dislocation of the lunate

* tea cup is pouring out

A

Lunate Dislocation

-> Surgery !

65
Q

Key terms- Dorsal dislocation of the distal carpal row with near-normal alignment of the lunate with the radius

A

Perilunate Dislocation

-> Surgery !

66
Q

key terms- flexion of the palmar fascia with painless cords/nodules of the ring & small finger
ETOH use, DM risk factors

A

Dupuytren contracture

67
Q

Treatment Dupuytren contracture

A

Collagenase injection
PT
surgery

68
Q

key terms- sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament

from forced abduction

A

gamekeepers thumb

69
Q

key terms- Extrapment of finger flexor tendon at A1, clicking or locking
history of DM, RA

A

Trigger finger

70
Q

What is the most common finger to have Trigger Finger

A

Ring finger

71
Q

Treatment for Trigger Finger

A

splint

72
Q

Key terms- hyperextension of PIP, flexion of DIP

A

Swan neck

–> RA *

73
Q

Key terms - flexion of PIP

extension of DIP

A

Boutonniere

–>. RA *

74
Q

Key terms- extensor tendon avulsion of the distal phalanx

hyperflexion of DIP

A

Mallet finger

75
Q

key terms- puncture would to volar pad

A

Felon

complicaiton- osteomylitis

76
Q

Treatment for Felon

A

I & D

from puncture wound that became and abcess

77
Q

Complication of Felon

A

Flexor Tenosynovitis

78
Q

Kanavel’s four signs

A

Flexor Tenosynovitis

  1. wounded finger is flexed
  2. tender to touch over tendon
  3. pain will passive extension
  4. fusiform swelling of finger
79
Q

Treatment Flexor Tenosynovitis

A

ORTHO ASAP

admit and start abx

80
Q

Organism & Treatment Dog bite wound

A

Pasteurella
-> Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
augmentin

81
Q

Organism & Treatment Cat bite wound

A

Pasteurella
-> Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
augmentin

82
Q

Organism & Treatment Human bite wound

A

Staph, strep, Eikenella
-> Ampicillin- Sulbactam
uynsam

83
Q

Organism & Treatment Cat Stratch

A

Bartonella

rifampin or ciprofloxacin

84
Q

Jefferson Fracture
where ?
what type of injury?

A

Brust fracture of C1

85
Q

Hangmans
where ?
what type of injury?

A

C2 par interarticularis
subluxation
spondylolisthesis

86
Q

key terms- 40-50 years old
neck pain, numbess/tingling
+ spurling test

A

Cervical spondylosis

chronic degerative disc disease

87
Q

spurling test

A

neck extension
lateral bending
and axial loading
= pain

88
Q

Red flags with back pain

A 
Pain for > 1 month
Constant night pain 
lower extremity weakness
Bowel or bladder dysfunciton
Fever, chills
Age >50years
Cancer history 
weight loss
89
Q

Most common location for Disc herniation

A

**L5- S1
L4-L5
annulus pushing out and pinches nerves

90
Q

key terms- one leg has numbess/tingling

+ Straight leg raise

A

Disc herniation

91
Q

What nerve- Patella reflex

A

L3-L4

92
Q

What nerve-Achilles reflex

A

L5-S1

93
Q

What nerve-Dorsiflexion

A

L3-L4

94
Q

What nerve- Big toe extension

A

L4-L5

95
Q

What nerve- Plantar flexion

A

L5-S1

96
Q

What nerve- medial malleolus

A

L3-L4

97
Q

What nerve- 1st dorsal web space

A

L4-L5

98
Q

What nerve- Lateral foot

A

L5-S1

99
Q

key terms for this diagnosis-
Low back pain, pain/numbness bilateral
leg weakness, incontience, flaccid penis

A

Cauda Equina

100
Q

key terms- back pain that radiates to the butt or thigh
pain gets worse when standing and walking
gets better when sitting

A

Lumbar spinal Stenosis

straight leg is usually negative

101
Q

most common location for Spondylolysis

A

fracture of pars Interarticularis L5

102
Q

Xray- scotty dog

A

Spondylolysis

103
Q

Anterior slipping of veretral segment in lumbar spine

A

Spondylolistesis

104
Q

To be consider Scoliosis has to be how many degrees?

what side curveature most common?

A

> 10 degree curvature

Right side curvature

105
Q

Cobb angle

A

used to measure degree of curvature in Scoliosis on standing xray

106
Q

Treatment Scoliosis

A

< 25 degrees - xray every 6 months just watch
>25 brace
>45-50 surgery

107
Q

What are the 3 types of Kyphosis

A
  1. postural - nothing wrong with spine
  2. Scheuermann disease
    - > irreguar & wedge shaped vertebra
  3. Senile - decrease muscle tone, disc degeneration
108
Q

Scheuermann disease

A

Kyphosis
genetic ?
irregualr and wedge shaped vertebra
sagittal curvature of the spine

109
Q

Inflammatory arthropathy of veretbral column & sacroiliac joints

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

110
Q

Key terms- seronegativity, HLA-B27, young, uveitis, carditis, back pain starts low and moves up, lordosis, kyphosis

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

seronegativity means RF-

111
Q

Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis

A
  1. NSAIDS
  2. Sulfasalazine
  3. TNF inhibitors-Infliximab

PANCE- Things I didnt know (21 decks)

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