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PANCE- Things I didnt know > Pharmacology - part 2 > Flashcards

Pharmacology - part 2 Flashcards

1
Q 
Drug category: 
Ranitidine 
Famotidine
Cimetidine
Nizatidine
A

H-2 receptor antagonists

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2
Q

Side effects include: gynecomastia, glalactorrhea

A

Cimetidine

H-2 receptor antagonists

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3
Q

MOA: inhibits histamine stimulation of gastric acid secretion

A

H-2 receptor antagonists

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4
Q

Drug Category:
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Pantoprazole

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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5
Q

MOA: inhibitis proton pump on gastic parietal cell

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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6
Q

side effects include: gastric cancer risk from achlorhydria

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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7
Q

Drug Category:
Aluminum hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide
calcium carbonate

A

“weak acids”

Anatacids

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8
Q

MOA: neutralizes HCL

A

Anatacids

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9
Q

Alumin hydroxide side effect ?

A

Anatacid that can cause constipation

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10
Q

Magnesium hydroxide side effect ?

A

Anatacid that can cause Diarrhea

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11
Q

MOA: inhibits pepsin release, increasing mucus secreation, and antimicrobial

A

Bismuth subsalicylate- pepto bismol

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12
Q

Side effects: Black stool, Reye syndrome

A

Bismuth subsalicylate- pepto bismol

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13
Q

MOA: blocks dopamine receptors in the gut

A

Phenothiazines - promethazine, prochlorperazine

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14
Q

Drug category:
Promethazine
Prochloperazine
Chlorpromazine

A

Antiemetics

Phenothiazines

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15
Q

Side effects: Parkinsonism, dystonia, tissue injury from parenteral delivery, Seizures, V. tach

A

Antiemetics
Phenothiazines
examples: promethazine, prochloperazine, chloropromazine

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16
Q

Drug category:
Ondansetron
granisetron
dolasetron

A

Antiemetics

5HT-3 serotonin

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17
Q

Drug category:
Rosuvastatin
Atorvastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

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18
Q

MOA: blocks cholesterol synthesis in the liver

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

statins

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19
Q

Side effects: Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

statins

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20
Q

MOA: decreases LDL, triglycerides & cholesterol

increases HDL

A

Nicotinic acid- niacin

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21
Q

Side affects: flushing, palpitations, hepatotoxicity

A

Nicotinic acid- niacin

give asprin to stop the palpitations

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22
Q

Drug category:
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate

A

Fibric acid derivatives - fibrates

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23
Q

MOA: inhibits peripheral lipolysis and decreases hepatic triglyceride production

A

Fibric acid derivatives - fibrates
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate

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24
Q

Side affects: N/V, jaundice, increase risk of myopathy or rhabdomyolysis if used with statins

A

Fibric acid derivatives - fibrates
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate

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25
Q

Drug category:
Eicosapetaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid

A

Omega-3-acids

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26
Q

MOA: inhibits VLDL & Triglycerides synthesis in the liver

A

Omega-3-acids
Eicosapetaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid

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27
Q

Side affects: Fishy breath, GI upset, bloating, flatulence

A

Omega-3-acids
Eicosapetaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid

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28
Q

Drug category:
Alirocumab
Evolocumab

A

hyperlipidemia drugs
Protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 - PCSK9
injection

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29
Q

MOA: inhibits LDL production

A

Protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 - PCSK9

30
Q

MOA: stimulates beta-2 receptors in the bronchial tree leading to smooth muscle relaxation & bronchodilation

A

Beta-2 agonists
short acitng- albuterol
long actingin- formoterol

31
Q

Drug category:
Albuterol
levaalbuterol

A

Beta-2 agonists

short acting

32
Q

Drug category:
formoterol
salmeterol
olodaterol

A

Beta-2 agonists

long acting

33
Q

Side effects: tachycardia, palpitations, anxiety, hypokalemia

A

Beta-2 agonists
short acitng- albuterol
long actingin- formoterol

34
Q

Drug category: Ipratropium

A

Short acting anticholinergic

35
Q

Drug category:

Tiotropium

A

Long acting anticholinergic

36
Q

MOA: counteracts vagal mediated bronchoconstriction

A

Anticholinergics
short- ipratropium
long- tiotropium

37
Q

Side effects: of this asthma drug- dry mouth and tachycardia

A

Anticholinergics
short- ipratropium
long- tiotropium

38
Q

Drug category ?

Cromolyn

A

Mast cell stabilizer

39
Q

MOA: stabilizes mast cells by preventing degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators

A

Mast cell stabilizer

40
Q

Side effects: of this asthma drug- transient wheezing, drowsiness

A

Mast cell stabilizer

41
Q

Drug category ?
Montelukast
Zafirlukast

A

Leukotriene receptor

42
Q

MOA: blocks leukotriene mediated bronchoconstriction

A

Leukotriene receptor
Montelukast
Zafirlukast

43
Q 
Use this asthma drug if: 
Aspirin sensitivity asthma 
cigarette smoker 
allergic rhinitis 
exercise induced asthma
A

Leukotriene
Montelukast
Zafirlukast

44
Q

Side effects to this asthma drug: flu symptoms, neuropsyhciatic symptoms

A

Leukotriene
Montelukast
Zafirlukast

45
Q

Drug category?

Roflumilast

A

Phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor

46
Q

MOA: blocks inactivitaion of cAMP

A

Phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor

Roflumilast

47
Q

Phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor
Roflumilast
is used for the treatment of what?

A

COPD

48
Q

What COPD drug has the side effects of:
suicidal thoughts
weight loss

A

Phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor

Roflumilast

49
Q

MOA: prevents binding of IgE

A

Immunomodulators

Omalizumab

50
Q

Drug category ?

Omalizumab

A

Immunomodulators for the treatment of Asthma

51
Q

What Asthma drug has the side effects of:

anaphylaxis

A

Immunomodulators

Omalizumab

52
Q 
Drug category ?
Prednisone
prednisolone
methylprednisolone
dexamethasone
A

Steroids

53
Q

MOA: Anti-inflammatory & immunosuppression

A 
Steroids 
Prednisone
prednisolone
methylprednisolone
dexamethasone
54
Q 
Side effects include: 
Moon face, buffalo hump, striae 
hyperglycemia, fluid retention 
PUD, catarats, psychosis 
adrenal suppression
A 
Steroids 
Prednisone
prednisolone
methylprednisolone
dexamethasone
55
Q

MOA: prevents conversion of vitmain K to active form, which inhibits clotting factors II, VII, IX, X

A

Warfarin

56
Q 
Side effects of this drug : 
bleeding 
skin necrosis 
purple toe syndrome 
teratogenic 
multiple drug interactions
A

Warfarin

57
Q

Which anticoagulation is category X

A

Warfarin - caterogry x

58
Q

Drug category:
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Edoxaban

A

Direct Xa inhibitors

59
Q

MOA: Directly inhibits clotting factor X

A

Direct Xa inhibitors
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Edoxaban

60
Q

MOA: Direct thrombin inhibitor

A 
Dabigatran 
Lepirudin 
Bivalirudin 
Argatroban 
desirudin
61
Q

MOA: binds to antithrombin III, inhibits Xa

A

Heparin

62
Q

MOA: Inhibits Xa only

A

Low molecular weight heparin

63
Q

What is the reversal agent for Heparin

A

protamine

64
Q

MOA: inhibits neuronal uptake of catecholamines sodium channel blockade (anesthetic affect)

A

Cocaine

65
Q

Toxicity of this drug:

hypertension, hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, MI, seziures, V. tach

A

Cocaine

66
Q

what is the treatment for Cocaine toxicity

A
  1. Benzodiazepines
  2. cooling
  3. Nitrates or nitroprusside
  4. Calcium channel blockers
    NO BETA BLOCKERS!
67
Q

What is contraindicated in a Cocaine toxicity

A

BETA BLOCKERS

give them calcium channel blockers

68
Q

MOA: causes Catecholamine release

A

Amphetamines- METH

69
Q

Toxicity of this drug:
Hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia
** Intracrainal hemorrhge
rhabdomylosis

A
  1. Benzodiazepines
  2. cooling
  3. Nitrates or nitroprusside
  4. Calcium channel blockers
    NO BETA BLOCKERS!
70
Q

MOA: binds to opioid recptors

A

Heroin

71
Q

Toxicity of this drug:
Hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea
Respiratory depression
Miosis

A

Heroin

72
Q

Treatment for Heroin overdose

A

Naloxone

PANCE- Things I didnt know (21 decks)

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