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PANCE- Things I didnt know > Pharmacology - part 3 > Flashcards

Pharmacology - part 3 Flashcards

1
Q 
Drug Category: 
Negivolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Esmolol
Bisprolol
A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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2
Q

MOA: Blocks catecholamine stimulation at endogenous beta receptors

A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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3
Q

What are reasons to use Beta-1- selective blockers

A 
Hypertension 
Angina 
Dysrhythmia 
MI 
Glaucoma 
Thyrotoxicosis
Anxiety
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4
Q 
Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Hypoglycemia
hypotension
bradycardia
heart block
bronchospasm
A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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5
Q 
Drug category: 
Verapamil
Diltilazem
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
A

Calcium channel blockers

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6
Q

MOA: blcoks intracellular calcium influx

A

Calcium channel blockers

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7
Q

Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Hypotension
Bradycardia
constipation*

A

Calcium channel blockers

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8
Q

Treatment for Calcium channel blockers toxicity

A

Calcium & Glucagon

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9
Q

Drug category:
Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril

A

ACE inhibitor

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10
Q

MOA: Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I -> II

A

ACE inhibitor

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11
Q

Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Cough
Angiodedema
Hyperkalemia

A

ACE inhibitor or Angiotensin receptor blockers

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12
Q

Drug category:
Losartan
Valsartan
Irbesartan

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers

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13
Q

MOA: Blocks angiotensin receptor

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers

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14
Q

Drug category:
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

Central alpha-2 agonists

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15
Q

MOA: Presynaptic stimulation inhibits release

A

Central alpha-2 agonists
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

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16
Q

Side effects of this drug: Central alpha-2 agonists ->
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

its a cardiac like med used for alcohol and nicotine withdrawal will cause
hypotension
bradycadia
sedation

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17
Q

what are these drugs used for? Central alpha-2 agonists ->
Clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

Hypertension

alcohol & Nicotine withdrawal

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18
Q

Drug category:
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

A

Alpha-1- antagonists

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19
Q

MOA: Blocks post synaptic alpha-1 stimulation causing decrease in peripheral vascular resistance therefore decreasing blood pressure

A

Alpha-1- antagonists
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

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20
Q

what are these drugs used for Alpha-1- antagonists ->
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

A

Hypertension & Benign prostate hyperplasia *

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21
Q 
Drug category: 
Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide
Metolazone 
Indapamide
A

Thiazide Diuretics

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22
Q

MOA: inhibitis NaCL reabsorption in the distal tubule therefore increasing water excretion

A

Thiazide Diuretics

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23
Q 
Side effects of this cardiac drug: 
* HYPOkalemia 
Hyperuricemia 
Hyperglycemia 
* HYPERcalcemia
A

Thiazide Diuretics

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24
Q

Contindiation to these two drugs:
HCTZ
Chlorothiazide

A

if the GFR is < 30mL/min

25
Drug category: Furosemide Bumetanide Torsemide
Loop Diuretics
26
MOA: Inhibits Na/K/Cl resportption in the loop of Henle
Loop Diuretics
27
Side effects to this cardiac drug: HYPOkalemia HYPOcalcemia
Loop Diuretics | Thiazides will have low K but HIGH calcium
28
Drug category? | Digoxin
Cardiac glycosides
29
MOA: blocks Sodium- Potassium ATPase pump and increases vagal tone
Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin
30
What is Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin used for?
Atrial Fibrialallation | Congestive heart failure
31
``` Side effects to this cardiac drug: V. Tach, PVC's Bradycardia, GI upset CNS- confusion Blue green vision* ```
Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin
32
``` Drug Category? Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Monobactam ```
Beta-lactam antibiotics
33
MOA: Bactericidial , inhitibits bacteria cell wall synthesis
``` Beta-lactam antibiotics : Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Monobactam ```
34
What organisms do Beta-Lactam antibiotics cover?
Gram positive and Gram negative
35
Drug category? Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
36
MOA: Bactericial- prevents bacterial DNA unwinding and replication
Fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin
37
What organisms do Fluoroquinolones antibiotics cover?
Gram positive and Gram negative
38
Drug side effects :Black box warning for tendons, muscles, joints and CNS
Fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin
39
Drug side effects :QT prolongation
Fluoroquinolones & macrolides
40
``` Drug category: Azithromycin erythromycin Telithromycin Clarithromycin ```
Macrolides
41
MOA: Bacteriostatic inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
``` Macrolides Azithromycin erythromycin Telithromycin Clarithromycin ```
42
What organisms do Macrolides antibiotics cover?
Mostly Gram positive | liimited to some gram negative
43
What antibiotic can cause hearing loss?
Macrolide: | Erythromycin
44
SIde effects: caution with stains, QT proglongation, hearing loss
``` Macrolides Azithromycin erythromycin Telithromycin Clarithromycin ```
45
What is an example of a glycopeptide
Vancomycin
46
MOA: bectericidal inhibitis peptidoglycan synthesis
glycopeptide: | Vancomycin
47
What organisms do Glycopeptide (vancomycin) cover?
Gram postitive - MRSA
48
Side effects of this drug: Red-man syndrome | ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
glycopeptide: | Vancomycin
49
Drug category: Doxycyline minocycline
Tetracycline
50
MOA: bacteriostatic- binds to 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis
Tetracyclines: Doxycyline minocycline
51
Covers- gram postitive & gram negative as well as chlamydiae, mycoplasmas & rickettsiae
Tetracyclines: Doxycyline minocycline
52
Side effects of this drug: avoid in children <8 years old, during pregnancy & lactation
Tetracyclines: Doxycyline minocycline
53
``` Drug category: Gentamicin Amikacin -IV only Tobramycin. Kanamycin. Streptomycin Neomycin ```
Aminoglycosides
54
MOA: Bactericidal binds to 30S ribosmal subunit and inhibits protien synthesis
Aminoglycosides -> Gentamin tobramycin neomycin
55
covers Gram negative rods
Aminoglycosides -> Gentamin tobramycin neomycin
56
Side effects of this drug: otoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockage
Aminoglycosides -> Gentamin tobramycin neomycin
57
What is a example of Antifolate drugs
Trimethoprim
58
MOA: Bacteriostatic, inhibits DNA, RNA & protein production by blocking folate pathway
Antifolate: | Trimethoprim
59
What does Trimethoprim cover?
Both Gram neg and Pos

PANCE- Things I didnt know (21 decks)

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