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PANCE- Things I didnt know > Pharmacology - part 3 > Flashcards

Pharmacology - part 3 Flashcards

1
Q 
Drug Category: 
Negivolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Esmolol
Bisprolol
A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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2
Q

MOA: Blocks catecholamine stimulation at endogenous beta receptors

A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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3
Q

What are reasons to use Beta-1- selective blockers

A 
Hypertension 
Angina 
Dysrhythmia 
MI 
Glaucoma 
Thyrotoxicosis
Anxiety
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4
Q 
Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Hypoglycemia
hypotension
bradycardia
heart block
bronchospasm
A

Beta- 1- selective blockers

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5
Q 
Drug category: 
Verapamil
Diltilazem
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
A

Calcium channel blockers

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6
Q

MOA: blcoks intracellular calcium influx

A

Calcium channel blockers

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7
Q

Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Hypotension
Bradycardia
constipation*

A

Calcium channel blockers

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8
Q

Treatment for Calcium channel blockers toxicity

A

Calcium & Glucagon

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9
Q

Drug category:
Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril

A

ACE inhibitor

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10
Q

MOA: Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I -> II

A

ACE inhibitor

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11
Q

Side effects of this drug: cardiac drug
Cough
Angiodedema
Hyperkalemia

A

ACE inhibitor or Angiotensin receptor blockers

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12
Q

Drug category:
Losartan
Valsartan
Irbesartan

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers

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13
Q

MOA: Blocks angiotensin receptor

A

Angiotensin receptor blockers

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14
Q

Drug category:
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

Central alpha-2 agonists

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15
Q

MOA: Presynaptic stimulation inhibits release

A

Central alpha-2 agonists
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

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16
Q

Side effects of this drug: Central alpha-2 agonists ->
clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

its a cardiac like med used for alcohol and nicotine withdrawal will cause
hypotension
bradycadia
sedation

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17
Q

what are these drugs used for? Central alpha-2 agonists ->
Clonidine
Guanfacine
Methyldopa

A

Hypertension

alcohol & Nicotine withdrawal

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18
Q

Drug category:
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

A

Alpha-1- antagonists

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19
Q

MOA: Blocks post synaptic alpha-1 stimulation causing decrease in peripheral vascular resistance therefore decreasing blood pressure

A

Alpha-1- antagonists
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

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20
Q

what are these drugs used for Alpha-1- antagonists ->
Terazosin
prazosin
Doxazosin

A

Hypertension & Benign prostate hyperplasia *

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21
Q 
Drug category: 
Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide
Metolazone 
Indapamide
A

Thiazide Diuretics

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22
Q

MOA: inhibitis NaCL reabsorption in the distal tubule therefore increasing water excretion

A

Thiazide Diuretics

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23
Q 
Side effects of this cardiac drug: 
* HYPOkalemia 
Hyperuricemia 
Hyperglycemia 
* HYPERcalcemia
A

Thiazide Diuretics

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24
Q

Contindiation to these two drugs:
HCTZ
Chlorothiazide

A

if the GFR is < 30mL/min

25
Q

Drug category:
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

A

Loop Diuretics

26
Q

MOA: Inhibits Na/K/Cl resportption in the loop of Henle

A

Loop Diuretics

27
Q

Side effects to this cardiac drug:
HYPOkalemia
HYPOcalcemia

A

Loop Diuretics

Thiazides will have low K but HIGH calcium

28
Q

Drug category?

Digoxin

A

Cardiac glycosides

29
Q

MOA: blocks Sodium- Potassium ATPase pump and increases vagal tone

A

Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin

30
Q

What is Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin used for?

A

Atrial Fibrialallation

Congestive heart failure

31
Q 
Side effects to this cardiac drug: 
V. Tach, PVC's 
Bradycardia, 
GI upset 
CNS- confusion 
Blue green vision*
A

Cardiac glycosides - > digoxin

32
Q 
Drug Category? 
Penicillins 
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactam
A

Beta-lactam antibiotics

33
Q

MOA: Bactericidial , inhitibits bacteria cell wall synthesis

A 
Beta-lactam antibiotics : 
Penicillins 
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactam
34
Q

What organisms do Beta-Lactam antibiotics cover?

A

Gram positive and Gram negative

35
Q

Drug category?
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin

A

Fluoroquinolones

36
Q

MOA: Bactericial- prevents bacterial DNA unwinding and replication

A

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin

37
Q

What organisms do Fluoroquinolones antibiotics cover?

A

Gram positive and Gram negative

38
Q

Drug side effects :Black box warning for tendons, muscles, joints and CNS

A

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin

39
Q

Drug side effects :QT prolongation

A

Fluoroquinolones & macrolides

40
Q 
Drug category: 
Azithromycin
erythromycin
Telithromycin
Clarithromycin
A

Macrolides

41
Q

MOA: Bacteriostatic inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

A 
Macrolides
Azithromycin
erythromycin
Telithromycin
Clarithromycin
42
Q

What organisms do Macrolides antibiotics cover?

A

Mostly Gram positive

liimited to some gram negative

43
Q

What antibiotic can cause hearing loss?

A

Macrolide:

Erythromycin

44
Q

SIde effects: caution with stains, QT proglongation, hearing loss

A 
Macrolides
Azithromycin
erythromycin
Telithromycin
Clarithromycin
45
Q

What is an example of a glycopeptide

A

Vancomycin

46
Q

MOA: bectericidal inhibitis peptidoglycan synthesis

A

glycopeptide:

Vancomycin

47
Q

What organisms do Glycopeptide (vancomycin) cover?

A

Gram postitive - MRSA

48
Q

Side effects of this drug: Red-man syndrome

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

A

glycopeptide:

Vancomycin

49
Q

Drug category:
Doxycyline
minocycline

A

Tetracycline

50
Q

MOA: bacteriostatic- binds to 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis

A

Tetracyclines:
Doxycyline
minocycline

51
Q

Covers- gram postitive & gram negative as well as chlamydiae, mycoplasmas & rickettsiae

A

Tetracyclines:
Doxycyline
minocycline

52
Q

Side effects of this drug: avoid in children <8 years old, during pregnancy & lactation

A

Tetracyclines:
Doxycyline
minocycline

53
Q 
Drug category: 
Gentamicin 
Amikacin -IV only
Tobramycin.
Kanamycin.
Streptomycin
Neomycin
A

Aminoglycosides

54
Q

MOA: Bactericidal binds to 30S ribosmal subunit and inhibits protien synthesis

A

Aminoglycosides ->
Gentamin
tobramycin
neomycin

55
Q

covers Gram negative rods

A

Aminoglycosides ->
Gentamin
tobramycin
neomycin

56
Q

Side effects of this drug: otoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockage

A

Aminoglycosides ->
Gentamin
tobramycin
neomycin

57
Q

What is a example of Antifolate drugs

A

Trimethoprim

58
Q

MOA: Bacteriostatic, inhibits DNA, RNA & protein production by blocking folate pathway

A

Antifolate:

Trimethoprim

59
Q

What does Trimethoprim cover?

A

Both Gram neg and Pos

PANCE- Things I didnt know (21 decks)

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