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PHAM01 - term 2 > Wk 30 - Dermatology OTC (General skin disorders) > Flashcards

Wk 30 - Dermatology OTC (General skin disorders) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs + symptoms of dandruff?

A
  • Excessive scales of skin
  • White/grey scales
  • Itchy
  • Associated w/ yeast pityrosporum ovale
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2
Q

What is the treatment for dandruff?

A

Ketoconazole - 2 to 3x weekly

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3
Q

When would you refer dandruff/seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A
  • Signs of infection
  • Unresponsive to treatment
  • Suspected psoriasis
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4
Q

What are the possible triggers of seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A
  • Emotional stress
  • Fatigue
  • Fungal infection
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5
Q

How does seborrhoeic dermatitis present as?

A
  • Greasy scales w/ w/o itch
  • Scalp, hairline, behind ear + ear canal
  • Severe: yellow/red papules
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6
Q

What are the causes of acne?

A
  • Inc sebum prod
  • Excessive response to hormones
  • COC
  • Phenytoin
  • Lithium
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7
Q

What is the treatment for acne?

A

Benzyl peroxide:

  • Causes: dryness, irritation, peeling
  • Avoid strong syn
  • 4 wks to work
  • No response 2-3 months - refer
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8
Q

What is the POM treatment for acne?

A
  • Azelaic acid: antimicrobial, anti-keratinizing OD/BD
  • Roccutane: anti-keratinizing, suppress sebaceous gland activity
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9
Q

What is the presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

A
  • No pustules
  • Butterfly rash over cheeks
  • REFER
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10
Q

What is the presentation of rosacea + how is it managed?

A
  • Flushing, erythema, telangiectasia, papules, cheek, nose, chin
  • Refer: metronidazole
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11
Q

What are the stages of a cold sore?

A
  • Prodromal: tingling
  • Eruption w/in 24 hrs
  • Rupture
  • Scab forms
  • 10-14 days to heal
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12
Q

What causes reactivation of cold sores?

A
  • Sun light
  • Trauma
  • Upset
  • Menstruation
  • Illness
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13
Q

What is the treatment for cold sores?

A

Aciclovir cream 5%:

  • Best in tingling stage
  • 5x a day
  • Apply UV sunblock
  • Avoid kissing newborn + infants
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14
Q

What is best to use after vesicles have erupted for a cold sore?

A
  • Local anaesthetics
  • Antiseptics
  • Iodine base
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15
Q

When would you refer a cold sore?

A
  • Affects eye
  • Frequent attacks
  • Pregnant
  • Genital lesions
  • In mouth
  • Immunosuppressive
  • Infants
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16
Q

What are the symptoms of shingles?

A
  • Pain before rash
  • Red papules
  • Change to vesicles then scabs
  • Unilateral
  • Pain persists
17
Q

What are the counselling points for shingles?

A
  • Painkillers
  • Rest
  • Try not to scratch
  • Highly contagious before rash
18
Q

What are scabies?

A
  • Burrow under skin
  • Hatch in 3 wks
  • Faecal protein = allergic reaction
  • Symptoms after 4-6 wks
19
Q

What are the symptoms of scabies?

A
  • Itching in finger webs w/ discreet small red lesions
  • Itching at night
  • Tracks = grey curved lines
20
Q

What is the treatment for scabies?

A

Permethrin cream

  • Skin clean, cool + dry before applying
  • Cotton wool/sponge neck down
  • Leave 12-24hrs then wash off
  • Repeat after 1 wk
  • Itching can continue after several wks after eradication
21
Q

When would you refer scabies?

A
  • Itching >3wks
  • Under 2
22
Q

What is the treatment for pubic lice?

A

Permethrin - repeat after 7 days

23
Q

What causes warts + veruccas + what are the symptoms?

A

Papilloma virus:

  • Warts: raised surface
  • Verruca: flattened hard pads w/ black dot
24
Q

What is the treatment for warts + verrucas?

A

Salicylic w/ lactic acid (basuka) - not for pregnant/breastfeeding:

  • Soak in hot water
  • Use emery board to abrade dead skin
  • Apply only to warrt
  • Can take 12 wks
  • Painful + can cause inflammation
25
Q

What are the symptoms of fungal nail infection?

A
  • Nails thicken + discolour
  • Associated w/ nail trauma, immunocompromised, smoking, athlete
26
Q

When would you refer fungal nail infection?

A
  • Diabetes
  • PVD
  • Immunosuppressed
  • <18
  • Pregnant/breastfeeding
  • > 2 nails affected
27
Q

What is the treatment for fungal nail infection?

A

Amorolfine 5% nail lacquer

  • Max 2 nails
  • Wkly
  • Upto 12 months
28
Q

When would you refer athletes foot?

A

Weeping sore/hot + red - infection

29
Q

What are the symptoms of ring worms + what is the treatment?

A
  • Trunk + limbs: red inflamed, ring like, itchy
  • Clotrimazole 1%
30
Q

What are the counselling points for athletes foot?

A
  • Wash feet BD + dry
  • Apply cream to infected area + 2 inches round
  • Don’t share towels
  • Avoid wearing same shoes everyday
  • Wash socks in high temp
31
Q

What are the counselling points + treatment for corns, bunions + callouses?

A
  • Corn plasters + paints
  • Avoid ill fitting shoes
32
Q

When would you refer for bunions, plasters + corns?

A
  • Diabetes, PVD
  • Bunion is disabling
  • <15yrs

PHAM01 - term 2 (21 decks)

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