Wk 27 - CNS OTC (MSK) Flashcards
1
Q
What is the counselling points for OA?
A
- Joint protection
- Weight loss
- Keep active - exercise little + often
2
Q
What are the symptoms of gout?
A
- Inflammation
- Redness
- Unilateral attack on big toe or tarsal joint
- Tophus
- Hyperuricaemia
3
Q
What are the risk factors of gout?
A
- Alcohol
- Diabetes
- Red meat
- Obesity
- Renal disease
- Diuretics
4
Q
What are the complications of gout?
A
- Tophi: inflamed
- 2ndry infection
- Hyperuricemia induced renal disease
5
Q
How is gout diagnosed?
A
Clinical history + examination
6
Q
What is the treatment for gout?
A
- NSAIDs: continue 48 hrs after attack has resolved
- If regular, co-prescribe w/ PPI
- If ineffective refer
- If CI add paracetamol w//w/o codeine
7
Q
What are the counselling points for gout?
A
- Rest + elevate limb
- Keep joint cool
- Aim IBW
- Restrict red meat + avoid high protein intake
- Drink sensibly
- Stop smoking
- Avoid dehydration
- Don’t stop prophylaxis meds
8
Q
What is used to prevent gout?
A
- Allopurinol: +2 attacks w/in a year, 1-2 wks after inflammation, titrate til SUA < 300 micromol/L
- Febuxostat 2nd line
9
Q
When would you refer for gout?
A
- Pregnant
- <25 yrs
- Allopurinol/febuxostat at max dose + still recurrent
- CI NSAIDs
10
Q
What is tendonitis?
A
Sudden stress causing tendons to rupture: pain, inflammation + loss of movement
11
Q
What is bursitis?
A
- Inflammation of bursa
- Swelling + limited movement
- Rest + cool then apply heat after 48hrs
12
Q
What is fibritis (fibromyalgia)?
A
- Aching at multiple sites
- Stiffness
- Lethargy
- Tension headache
- IBS
- Steroid injection for ST relief
13
Q
What does PRICE stand for?
A
- Protect
- Rest: Avoid activity for 1st 48-72 hrs
- Ice: 15-20 mins every 2-3 hrs
- Compression: first 2-3 days + remove before sleep
- Elevate: above heart first 48hrs
14
Q
What does HARM stand for?
A
- Heat
- Alcohol: inc bleed + swelling
- Running
- Massaging: inc bleed + swelling
15
Q
What is first line for sprain/strain?
A
Paracetamol w/ topical NSAIDs
