Wk 28 - Parkinson's disease Flashcards
Which genes + toxins cause PD?
- Genes: parkin + DJ-1
- Toxins: MPTP
Which drugs cause parkinsonian syndrome + for how long?
Recover w/in 2 months:
- Neuroleptics
- Anti-psychotics: haloperidol
- Anti-depressant
- Anti-emetics: metoclopramide
- CCB
- Lithium
- Donepezil
What are the motor symptoms of PD?
- Tremor
- Rigidity
- Hypokinesia
What are the autonomic symptoms of PD?
- Constipation
- Saliva pooling
- Dysphasia
- Aphasia
What is given alongside levodopa + why?
- Dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (benserazide or carbidopa)
- Red peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine
- Limits s/e
When would you be cautious of using levodopa?
- Severe pulmonary + CVD
- Psychiatric illness
- Dyskinesia
What are the side effects of levodopa?
- Impulse control disorder (gambling, shopping)
- N+V
- Taste disturbance
- Dry mouth
- Postural hypotension
What are the counselling points for levodopa?
- Discolour urine
- Take w/ or after food
- Driving: can cause sudden onset of sleep
- MR: swallow whole + don’t take indigestion tabs 2 hrs before/after
- Dispersible: in water or squash
What are the types of dopamine agonists?
- Ergot derived: bromocriptine, pergolide (not 1st line)
- Non-ergot derived: ropinirole, rotigotine
What are the adverse effects of ergot derived dopamine agonists?
- Fibrotic reactions
- Exclude cardiac valvuopathy
What are the side effects of dopamine agonists?
- Psychiatric
- Impulse control disorders
- Sudden sleep onset
- Hypotensive
When would you be cautious of using non-ergot derived dopamine agonists?
- Psychiatric disorders
- Regular eye tests
- CVD
What are the counselling points for dopamine agonists?
- Impulse control disorder
- Driving
- Take w/ or after food
- Patch: don’t cut, apply to torso, thigh/upper arm, put replacement on diff. area
What is the MOA of MAO-B inhibitors + give examples
- Prevent breakdown of dopamine
- Rasagiline (neuroprotective) + selegiline
When would you be cautious of using selegiline?
- Gastric + duodenal ulcers
- Uncontrolled HPT
- Inc s/e of levodopa