Wk 3: hip/femur muscles

Question 1

Actions: Gluteus maximus

Answer 1

Extends thigh at hip joint
Laterally rotates thigh

Question 2

Actions: Gluteus medius

Answer 2

Abducts thigh at hip joint
Medially rotates thigh

Question 3

Actions: Gluteus minimus

Answer 3

Abducts thigh at hip joint
Medially rotates thigh

Question 4

Actions: Tensor fascia lata

Answer 4

Abducts thigh at hip joint
Flexion of thigh at hip joint

Question 5

Actions: Piriformis

Answer 5

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Abducts thigh at hip joint

Question 6

Actions: Superior gemellus

Answer 6

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Abducts thigh at hip joint

Question 7

Actions: Inferior gemellus

Answer 7

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Abducts thigh at hip joint

Question 8

Actions: Quadratus femoris

Answer 8

Laterally rotates hip joint
Stabilises hip joint

Question 9

Actions: Obturator externus

Answer 9

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Abducts thigh at hip joint

Question 10

Actions: Gracilis

Answer 10

Adducts thigh at hip joint
Medially rotates thigh at hip joint

Question 11

Actions: Pectineus

Answer 11

Adducts thigh at hip joint
Flexion of thigh at hip joint

Question 12

Actions: Adductor magnus

Answer 12

Adducts thigh at hip joint
Anterior part: flexes
Posterior: extends

Question 13

Actions: Adductor longus

Answer 13

Adducts thigh at hip joint

Question 14

Actions: Adductor brevis

Answer 14

Adducts thigh at hip joint
Flexion of thigh at hip joint

Question 15

Actions: Sartorius

Answer 15

Hip flexion
Knee flexion

Question 16

Actions: Rectus femoris

Answer 16

Hip flexion
Knee extension

Question 17

Actions: Vastus lateralis

Answer 17

Flexion of thigh at hip joint
Extension of leg at knee joint

Question 18

Actions: Vastus medialis

Answer 18

Flexion of thigh at hip joint
Extension of leg at knee joint

Question 19

Actions: Vastus intermedius

Answer 19

Flexion of thigh at hip joint
Extension of leg at knee joint

Question 20

Actions: Bicep femoris

Answer 20

Hip extension
Knee flexion

Question 21

Actions: Semiteninosus

Answer 21

Extension of thigh at hip joint
Flexion of leg at knee joint

Question 22

Actions: Semimebranosus

Answer 22

Hip extension
Knee flexion

Question 23

Attachments: Gluteus maximum

Answer 23

Proximal: posterior illiac crest
posterior sacrum

Distal: gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 24

Attachments: Gluteus medius

Answer 24

Proximal: gluteal surface between anterior and posteior gluteal lines

Distal: greater trochanter of femur

Question 25

Attachments: Gluteus minimus

Answer 25

Proximal: gluteal surface of anteriorand inferior gluteal lines Distal: greater trochanter of femur

Question 26

Attachments: Tensor facia lata

Answer 26

Proximal: anterior illiac crest Distal: lateral condyle of tibia

Question 27

Attachments: Piriformis

Answer 27

Proximal: anterior 2nd to 4th sacral segments Distal: medial greater trochanter of femur

Question 28

Attachments: Superior gemellus

Answer 28

Proximal: ischial spine Distal: medial greater trochanter of femur

Question 29

Attachments: Obturator internus

Answer 29

Proximal: interior obturator membrane Distal: medial greater trochanter of femur

Question 30

Attachments: Inferior gemellus

Answer 30

Proximal: upper ischial tuberosity Distal: medial greater trochanter of femur

Question 31

Attachments: Quadrate femoris

Answer 31

Proximal: ischial tuberosity Distal: quadrate tubercle of femur

Question 32

Attachments: Obturator externus

Answer 32

Proximal: obturator membrane Distal: trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 33

Attachments: Gracilis

Answer 33

Proximal: inferior ramus of pubis Distal: medial upper shaft of tibia

Question 34

Attachments: Pectineus

Answer 34

Proximal: superior ramus of pubis Distal: pectineal line of femur

Question 35

Attachments: Adductor magnus

Answer 35

Proximal: ischiopubic ramus Distal: medialsupracondylar ridge and upper medial linea aspera

Question 36

Attachments: Adductor longus

Answer 36

Proximal: anterior body of pubis Distal: medial linea aspera in middle

Question 37

Attachments: Adductor brevis

Answer 37

Proximal: anterolateral body of pubis Distal: superior medial linea asperia

Question 38

Attachments: Sartorius

Answer 38

Proximal: anterior superior illiac spine Distal: medial upper shaft of the tibia

Question 39

Attachments: Rectus femoris

Answer 39

Proximal: anterior inferior illiac spine Distal: tibial tuberosity

Question 40

Attachments: Vastus lateralis

Answer 40

Proximal: lower greater trochanter Distal: tibial tuberosity

Question 41

Attachments: Vastus medialis

Answer 41

Proximal: lower medial intertrochanteric line Distal: tibial tuberosity

Question 42

Attachments: Vastus intermedius

Answer 42

Proximal: upper, anterior and lateral surface of femur Distal: tibial tuberosity

Question 43

Attachments: Bicep femoris

Answer 43

Proximal: medial ischial tuberosity Distal: head of fibula

Question 44

Attachments: Semitendinous

Answer 44

Proximal: medial ischial tuberosity Distal: medial upper shaft of tibia

Question 45

Attachments: Semimembranosus

Answer 45

Proximal: lateral ischial tuberosity Distal: posteromedial upper shaft of the tibia

Question 46

Order of posterior

Answer 46

Medial Gracilis Adductor magnus Semimembranasus Semitendinosus Bicep femoris Illiotibial tract (tensor facia lata) Lateral

Question 47

Order of anterior

Answer 47

Medial Gracilis Adductor magnus Adductor longus Pectineus Illiopsas Sartorius Rec femoris Tensor facia lata

Question 48

Important steps to analyse movements

Answer 48

1. Name the movement at the hip joint 2. List the muscles acting as movers in this activity 3. List the muscles acting as stabilisers 4. For each of the muscles above, list all other actions they produce 5. List muscles acting as synergists

Question 49

Factors contributing to MOBILITY at the hip joint

Answer 49

* Acetabular labrum: provides increased surface area for femoral head * Ball and socket joint (multi-axial – three degrees of freedom)

Question 50

Factors contributing to STABILITY at the hip joint

Answer 50

* Articular fit (reasonable congruency) * Acetabular labrum (deepens the socket and increases congruency) * Strong capsule, reinforced by capsular ligaments * Angle of inclination (increases contact area) * Muscles

Question 51

Hip stabilisers

Answer 51

Gluteus medius Deep external rotators Gluteus minimus Pectineus Psoas Illiacus