Purposes Flashcards
Ligament
- Act as a **mechanical constraint **
- Prevent **undesired movement **
- Permit limited amounts of desired movement
Bursae
Reduce friction
Articular Discs
- Shock absorbers
- Assist lubrication
Acetabular labrum
deepens socket (increases stability)
Acetabular fat pad
proprioception
Close packed position of the hip joint
Maximum area of contact
Ligaments are taut (stability)
Iliofemoral inferior band
limits extension, and external rotation
Iliofemoral superior band
limits extension, external rotation, adduction
Pubofemoral
limits extension, external rotation, abduction
Ischiofemoral
limits extension, internal rotation, abduction
Ligamentum teres
Proprioceptive
Greater trochanteric bursae
Reduce friction
Illiopectineal bursae
Reduce friction
Patella
mechanical advantage for knee extension
Synovial Membrane
Communicates with some bursa
Lines the joint capsule
Fibular collateral ligament
- Limits: extension and lateral rotation
- Prevents: adduction
Tibia collateral ligament
- Limits: extension and medial rotation
- Prevents: abduction
Popliteofibular ligament
Limits: lateral rotation of the tibia
Patella ligament
mechanical advantage in knee extension
Oblique Popliteal
Strengthens central posterior joint capsule
Arcuate Popliteal
Strengthens inferolateral posterior joint capsule
Anterolateral ligament
Stabiliser for rotation of the tibia?
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Limits:
anterior slide of tibia on femur
medial rotation
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Limits:
posterior slide of tibia on femur
medial rotation
Medial & Lateral Meniscus
Shock absorption
Increase congruence
“Screw home” mechanism
- Contributes to tibiofemoral joint stability in extension
- Close packed position
Static: Menisci
- Withstand load bearing forces
- Assist in movement of femoral condyles
- Assist in stabilising translatory movements
- Increase contact area at the tibiofemoral joint → reduces stress at the joint surfaces
Iliotibial band
Affords some lateral joint stability particularly in flexion
Assists ACL in preventing anterior slide of tibia on femur
Quadriceps femoris
Stabilises the patella within trochlear groove
Superior tibiofibular joint
Allows for gliding in all major planes
Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcaneal
together prevent abduction at ankle
Anterior tibiotalar
limit plantarflexion
Posterior tibiotalar
limit dorsiflexion
Anterior talofibular
- Limits plantarflexion
- Prevents posterior slide of fibula and tibia on talus
Posterior talofibular
- Limits dorsiflexion
- Prevents anterior slide of tibia and fibula on talus
Calcaneofibular
- Limits dorsiflexion
- Prevents adduction at ankle
Tarsometatarsal joint ligaments
Limit flexion and extension
Stabilise the tarsometatarsal joint complex
Collateral ligaments
- Limits: flexion
- Prevents: adduction and abduction in flexion
Plantar ligaments
- Forms part of the articular surface
- Limits: extension
Deep transverse metatarsal ligaments
- Keeps the metatarsal heads together
- Important in weight bearing
Interphalangeal joints - ligaments
- Collateral ligaments: limit flexion
- Plantar ligaments: limit extension