Wk 2: hip joint bones

Question 1

Hip Joint

Answer 1

connects lower limb to the trunk

Supports the entire bodys weight and stable transference of weight

Multiaxial, synovial and ball and socket

Question 2

Features of the hip joint

Answer 2

• Articular surfaces
• Acetabular labrum
• Joint capsule
• Close packed position

Question 3

Femur

Answer 3

upper leg

Question 4

Acetabulum (innominate pelvis)

Answer 4

formed by union of three component parts

• Ilium (2/5)
• Ischium (2/5)
• Pubis (1/5)

Question 5

Two areas of acetabulum

Answer 5

• Semilunar area covered with articular cartilage
• Acetabular fossa (non-articular area)

Question 6

Acetabular notch (acetabulum)

Answer 6

• Inferior deficiency of the acetabulum
• Transverse ligament

Question 7

Acetabular labrum

Answer 7

Fibrocartilage wedge attached to rim of acetabulum

Function: deepens socket and therefore increases stability

Question 8

Acetabular fat pad

Answer 8

Located in the acetabular notch

Function: proprioception

Question 9

Joint capsule

Answer 9

• Strong
• Thickest anteriorly and superiorly

Labrum -> intertrochanteric line

Question 10

Synovial membrane

Answer 10

• Lines internal surface of capsule, covers labrum
• Cavity communicates with the psoas major bursa

Question 11

Close packed position of the hip joint

Answer 11

• When articular surfaces have their MAXIMUM area of contact with each other
• Extension of hip
• Ligaments of the hip are taut (stability)

Question 12

Ligaments of the hip joint

Answer 12

Capsular ligaments
Intracapsular ligaments

Question 13

Capsular ligaments

Answer 13

Iliofemora

Pubofemoral

Ischiofemoral

Question 14

Intracapsular ligaments

Answer 14

Transverse ligament

Ligamentum teres

Question 15

Iliofemoral

Answer 15

• Located anteriorly (triangular in shape)
• Sometimes small deficiency anteriorly (covered by iliopsoas)

Inferior band: limits extension, and external rotation

Superior band: limits extension, adduction and external rotation

Question 16

Pubofemoral

Answer 16

• Located inferiorly and anteriorly

Functions: limits abduction, extension and external rotation

Question 17

Ischiofemoral

Answer 17

• Located posteriorly
• Least well defined

Functions: limits extension, abduction and internal rotation

Question 18

Transverse ligament

Answer 18

• Completes acetabulum, breaches the acetabular notch

Question 19

Ligamentum teres

Answer 19

• From transverse ligament to fovea capitis
• No strict mechanical function
• Proprioceptive role and a possible source of hip pain

Question 20

Bursae around the hip types

Answer 20

Greater trochanteric bursae

Iliopectineal bursa

Question 21

Greater trochanteric bursae

Answer 21

• Sits between the greater trochanter and the Iliotibial band
• Reduce friction between the muscle and bone

Question 22

Iliopectineal bursa

Answer 22

Iliopsoas bursa

• Lies between the tendon of iliopsoas and the fibrous capsule of the hip
• Reduce friction between muscle and joint capsule

Question 23

Factors that keep the hip joint stable

Answer 23

• Articular fit: reasonable congruence
• Acetabular labrum
• Strong capsule
• Functions of muscles: line of pull
• Bony factors (angle of inclination)