Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DipWSET ๐Ÿ† > WINES OF THE WORLD ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy - Northeast > Flashcards

WINES OF THE WORLD ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy - Northeast Flashcards

1
Q

Climate of Trentino

A

Moderate continental, with cooling influence. Protection from cold winds by the mountains. Moderating influence by the Lake Garda. High diurnal range allows the retaining of high acidity and prolongs the growing season.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Type of soils in Trentino

A

Sandy and gravelly soils in the N, rich calcareous/clay and basalt in the SE.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Main grape varieties of Trentino

A

75% whites, 25% blacks. Larger volumes by Pinot Grigio and Chardonnay. Other internationals are Mรผller-Thurgau, Pinot Bianco, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewurztraminer, Merlot, Cabernets, and Pinot Noir. Important locals are Teroldego, Marzemino, and Lagrein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Key winemaking operations for white wines in Trentino

A

Soft pressing, low temperature (12-16ยฐC) fermentation in stainless steel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Key winemaking operations for red wines in Trentino

A

1) Medium maceration on the skins during fermentation, moderate temperatures (17-20ยฐC).
2) Additional maceration on the skins after fermentation, higher (26-32ยฐC) temperatures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Key maturation practices for white wines in Trentino

A

Possibility of ageing on the lees, or in small oak barrels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Key maturation practices for red wines in Trentino

A

1) Inert vessels.
2) Small oak barrels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of wines labelled as Trentino DOC

A
  • Bianco, 80+% Chardonnay and/or Pinot Bianco;
  • Rosso, single variety or blends of Cabernets, Carmenรจre and Merlot;
  • single variety wines, 85+% named variety;
  • two variety blends from shorter lists of varieties;
  • Rosรฉ (Rosato or Kretzer).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Legislation for single-variety wines as Trentino DOC

A

Trentino DOC allows ten white and nine black varieties to be bottled as a single variety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Types of wines made in Trentino

A

Mainly whites (unoaked, fresh, Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay and Mรผller-Thurgau), some reds (Teroldego, Merlot, Marzemino). High % bottled as DOC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Climate of Alto Adige

A

Mild Alpine continental. Protection from cold winds by the mountains. Sufficient rainfall (can happen during harvest). Very good ripening and high acidity due to warm air in the valleys, 300 days of sunshine and high diurnal range.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Type of soils in Alto Adige

A

Volcanic porphyry, quartz and mica rock and Dolomitic limestone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Main grape varieties of Alto Adige

A

Schiava (four varieties), Pinot Grigio, Gewรผrztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, Lagrein, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Main training systems in Alto Adige

A

Pergola and Guyot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Key winemaking operations for wines in

A

Fermentation at low/moderate temperatures (12-15ยฐC), selected yeasts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Key maturation practices for wines in

A

Stainless steel. 4-6 months for inexpensive, one year for premium wines. Top wines in French barriques.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bassa Atesina

A

S of Bolzano, warmer climate, all main varieties except Schiava, Mรผller Thurgau at high altitude.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oltradige

A

Lake Caldaro for Schiava. Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon in the valleys. Whites at higher altitudes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of wines labelled as Alto Adige DOC

A
  • Bianco, 75+% Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco or Pinot Grigio, 2 varieties (max 70% single in the blend);
  • single variety wines, 85+% named variety;
  • two variety blends, 15+% of each.
    Six subzones can appear in conjunction with Alto Adige DOC.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Santa Maddalena DOC

A

Schiava + max 15% Lagrein (deeper colour and fuller bodied).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Types of businesses that operate in Trentino

A

80% production by co-operatives (Cavit). 10% small estates. Avg holdings of 1.2 for small growers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Types of businesses that operate in Alto Adige

A

Avg holdings of 1 for growers. 70% co-operatives (Kaltern, Tramin). Private estates (Alois Lageder, Elena Walch) have limited ha of vineyards (mid/premium wines).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Types of wines made in Alto Adige

A

60% whites and 40% reds. Pale red Schiava, mostly international varieties Pinot Grigio, Gewรผrztraminer, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Type of soils in Friuli

A

Alluvial flat plain in the S. Hillside vineyards at 200 m have marl (ponca) and sandstone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Climate of Friuli

A

Warm maritime, cooler influence from the Alps. High rainfall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Main grape varieties of Friuli

A

25% Pinot Grigio. Local varieties (Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia di Istria, Verduzzo and Picolit), common varieties with Austria/Middle Europe (Riesling, Welschriesling, Gewรผrztraminer, Mรผller-Thurgau, Blaufrรขnkisch), French varieties (Merlot, Sauvignonasse, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernets, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Carmenรจre).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Key winemaking operations for orange wines in Friuli

A

From long maceration on the skins of white varieties, then long ageing in large oak barrels. Joลกko Gravner, Stanko Radikon and Dario Prinฤiฤ as pioneers, sharing a commitment:
- organic agriculture;
- local varieties alongside internationals;
- long maceration on the skins;
- fermentation with ambient yeasts and no temperature control;
- long maturation in large barrels;
- no fining or filtration;
- low or no added SO2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Style for orange wines in Friuli

A

Amber/orange/gold colour, pron int of dried fruits, dried herbs, hay and nuts, med tannin.

29
Q

Main appellations within Friuli

A
  • Grave del Friuli DOC
  • Friuli Isonzo DOC
  • Collio DOC and Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC
  • Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG
  • Ramandolo DOCG
  • Friuli DOC
  • Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC
30
Q

Grave del Friuli DOC

A

One of the appellations of Friuli. Mostly volume wines.

31
Q

Friuli Isonzo DOC

A

One of the appellations of Friuli. Best quality from sites on the right bank of the river Isonzo.

32
Q

Collio DOC and Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC

A

Two of the appellations of Friuli. Similar characteristics, different political history, mainly single-variety whites (name for DOC wines), extended to 18 approved varieties.

33
Q

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG

A

One of the appellations of Friuli. Sweet, small volume (berry set problem), made from air-fried grapes of Picolit.

34
Q

Ramandolo DOCG

A

One of the appellations of Friuli. Sweet, made from air-fried grapes of Verduzzo.

35
Q

Friuli DOC

A

One of the appellations of Friuli. New, higher yields.

36
Q

Types of wines made in Friuli

A

75% whites. Reds from international varieties. Small amount of sweet wine. Also orange wines.

37
Q

Type of soils in Veneto

A

Soils on the plain have high fertility, while those on hillside sites have a better drainage and less fertility.

38
Q

Climate of Veneto

A

Warm and moderately continental. Moderate rainfall. Cooling influences from altitude (high diurnal range) and breezes from Lake Garda (in the W part). Moist air in the flat plain.

39
Q

Hazards in Veneto

A

Rot, Esca.

40
Q

Main grape varieties of Veneto

A

Glera, Pinot Grigio, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Corvina, Garganega, Trebbiano.

41
Q

Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC

A

Replaced IGP with stricter requirements in 2017. Grapes from Veneto, Friuli and Trentino. This area produces 85% of all Italian-grown Pinot Grigio and 40% of the worldโ€™s Pinot Grigio.

42
Q

Bardolino DOC and Bardolino Superiore DOCG

A

Two of the appellations of Veneto. Near Lake Garda, also influence, light bodied reds and rosรฉs. 35-80% Corvina and max 20% of other authorized varieties (max 10% for each variety). Alcohol 10.5+% abv DOC and 11+% DOCG. The rosรฉ is called Chiaretto (light, fresh, red-fruited wine with med salmon colour).

43
Q

Bianco di Custoza DOC

A

One of the appellations of Veneto. Between Verona and Lake Garda. Easy-drinking, lightly aromatic, fresh white wines from Trebbiano Toscano, Garganega, Friulano and Cortese. Italian market. The biggest producers are two large co-operatives.

44
Q

Lugana DOC

A

One of the appellations of Veneto. S of Lake Garda. Mainly, vineyards in Lombardy but bottled in Veneto. From Turbiana grape. Moderate aromatic with ripe apple, citrus, and hazelnut, lively acidity and a saline finish. Top wines can age in oak.

45
Q

Veneto IGP

A

Mainly for simple and fruity wines made from high yields on the plain.

46
Q

Type of soils in Soave

A

Foothills to the N with limestone, clay, volcanic rocks, and flat plain to the S on fertile sandy and alluvial soils.

47
Q

Main grape varieties of Soave

A

Garganega.

48
Q

Main training systems in Soave

A

Pergola and some trellising systems.

49
Q

Key winemaking operations for wines in Soave

A

Short cold maceration, cool fermentation. Also appassimento method.

50
Q

Main appellations within Soave

A
  • Soave DOC
  • Soave Classico DOC
  • Soave Superiore DOCG
  • Recioto di Soave DOCG
51
Q

Soave DOC

A

Grapes from the Soave region, 70+% Garganega, max 30% Trebbiano di Soave or Chardonnay, of this 30% max 5% of any authorized variety. High max yields. On the market after 1 December of the harvest year.

52
Q

Soave Classico DOC

A

Grapes from the hilly Classico region, same blend as Soave DOC. Slightly lower max yield. On the market on 1 February after harvest.

53
Q

Recioto di Soave DOCG

A

Semi-dried grapes from a delimited hilly zone, same blend as Soave DOC. Very low max yields. Rich, floral, honeyed sweet wines with high acidity.

54
Q

Types of wines made in Soave

A

80% Soave DOC, 20% Soave Classico DOC. Tiny production of Soave Superiore DOCG.

55
Q

Types of businesses that operate in Soave

A

Small growers and large bottlers. 10% is bottled by small family wineries. 50% production by the co-operative Cantina di Soave.

56
Q

Type of soils in Valpolicella

A

Foothills in the N with cooler soils of clay and volcanic, while the flatter plain in the S is gravelly, sandy and warmer. Slow ripening and more acidity on the N foothills, more concentration. Fruitier, with less acidity and low concentration in the S.

57
Q

Main grape varieties of Valpolicella

A

Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella, Molinara.

58
Q

Key winemaking operations for inexpensive wines in Valpolicella

A

Crushing, fermentation at medium temperatures, short maceration, stainless steel or large neutral oak barrels.

59
Q

Key winemaking operations for appassimento method

A

Grapes are picked at 11-11.5% potential alcohol and stored in well-aerated drying lofts for 3-4 months. Laid one bunch deep in well-spaced trays to avoid moulds (control on humidity and temperature). They have to reach a semi-dried status before the crushing. Grapes lose around 1/3 of their weight so concentration of flavours, higher alcohol, sugars, acidity, anthocyanins. More glycerol is produced (softer and fuller mouth-feel).

60
Q

Main appellations within Valpolicella

A
  • Valpolicella DOC
  • Valpolicella Classico DOC
  • Valpolicella Valpantena DOC
  • Valpolicella (or Classico or Valpantena) Superiore DOC
  • Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
  • Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
  • Valpolicella Ripasso DOC
61
Q

Valpolicella DOC

A

Low flavour concentration. Short maceration on the skins.

62
Q

Valpolicella Classico DOC

A

Grapes from the hilly classic zone. Greater concentration.

63
Q

Valpolicella Valpantena DOC

A

Grapes from Valpantena valley.

64
Q

Valpolicella (or Classico or Valpantena) Superiore DOC

A

Additional term, higher alcohol, longer ageing (one year after 1 January after the harvest). Quintarelli and Romano dal Forno as significant producers but not representative of this category.

65
Q

Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG

A

From semi-dried grapes. Classico if grapes from the classic zone. Grapes are dried for 100-120 days, so low final yield.

66
Q

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

A

From semi-dried grapes as Recioto, same final yield. Vinification after 100-120 days of drying. Alcohol 14+% abv, often sugar 5-9 g/L (9 g/L is the max), ageing 2+ years in large casks or barriques (Riserva 4 years).

67
Q

Valpolicella Ripasso DOC

A

Unpressed grape skins with some residual from Amarone or Recioto, yeasts are also transferred, more colour, flavour and tannins. 15% of Amarone can be added. Alcohol 12.5+% abv or 13+% abv for Superiore. Ageing one year after 1 January after harvest (large oak vessel).

68
Q

Types of wines made in Valpolicella

A

Recioto has a niche market. Amarone increased, drop of Valpolicella.

DipWSET ๐Ÿ† (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions