WINES OF THE WORLD 🇫🇷 France - Jura

Question 1

Climate of Jura

Answer 1

Moderate continental climate, relatively high rainfall. Extra warm and sunshine due to climate change.

Question 2

Type of soils in Jura

Answer 2

Mainly clay and marl, some limestone.

Question 3

Hazards in Jura

Answer 3

Risk of rain during flowering and fruit set. Spring frost. Fungal disease due to the wet weather.

Question 4

Main grape varieties of Jura

Answer 4

Chardonnay, Savagnin, Poulsard, Pinot Noir, Trousseau.

Question 5

Main appellations within Jura

Answer 5

• Côtes du Jura AOC.
• Arbois AOC.
• Château-Chalon AOC.
• L’Etoile AOC.

Question 6

Main training systems in Jura

Answer 6

Replacement cane pruning at some height (to reduce spring frost risk). Vertical shoot positioning (to improve airflow to limit fungal disease).

Question 7

Types of wines made in Jura

Answer 7

Conventional whites and reds, Vin Jaune and other oxidised styles, Vin de Paille (small amount).

Question 8

Key winemaking techniques to produce conventional whites from Savagnin and Chardonnay in Jura

Answer 8

Mid-range temperatures for fermentation in stainless steel tanks or old barrels, malo. Some Chardonnays in a Burgundy style.

Question 9

Key winemaking techniques to produce Vin Jaune in Jura

Answer 9

Savagnin fermentation to dryness. In barrels with a headspace, flor development (le voile or the veil) naturally or by yeast inoculation, barrels not be topped up or moved for 60 months (earlier to produce oxidative Savagnin or blend with Chardonnay).

Question 10

Key winemaking techniques to produce Vin de Paille in Jura

Answer 10

Drying the grapes (all except Pinot Noir) off the vine. Ageing for 18+ months in oak, on the market 3 years after the harvest.

Question 11

The typical style of Vin Jaune

Answer 11

Medium lemon/gold, pronounced intensity of bread dough, walnuts, ginger, and green apple, dry, high acidity, high alcohol, medium body. Long ageing ability.

Question 12

Minimum abv and residual of sugar for Vin de Paille

Answer 12

14+% abv, 70-120 g/L sugar.

Question 13

Types of wines made in Côtes du Jura AOC

Answer 13

All styles (red, rosé, white, Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille) but most are whites.

Question 14

Types of wines made in Arbois AOC

Answer 14

All styles (red, rosé, white, Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille) but most are reds.

Question 15

Types of wines made in Château-Chalon AOC

Answer 15

Only Vin Jaune.

Question 16

Types of wines made in L’Etoile AOC

Answer 16

White wines only, including Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille.

Question 17

Types of businesses that operate in Jura

Answer 17

50% estates, 30% négociants and four co-operatives. 50% from three companies: co-operative Fruitière Vinicole d’Arbois, négociant La Maison de Vigneron, and Henri Maire; the others are smaller.

Question 18

Clavelin

Answer 18

Bottle of 62 cL for Vin Jaune.

Question 19

When Vin Jaune is released on the market

Answer 19

From January, seven years after harvest.

Question 20

Which grape variety is not permitted in Vin de Paille

Answer 20

Pinot Noir

Question 21

When Vin de Paille is released on the market

Answer 21

After three years after the vintage.

Question 22

Harvest for wines from Jura

Answer 22

Machine harvest where is possible (lower cost).

Question 23

The effects of maturation on Vin Jaune

Answer 23

Development of both biological and oxidative aromas due to the no adding of fresh wine. Alcohol increase by about 1 degree up to 13.5%-15% due to the transpiration of water through the barrels.

Question 24

The largest appellations in Jura

Answer 24

Côtes du Jura AOC and Arbois AOC.

Question 25

The smallest appellations in Jura

Answer 25

Château-Chalon AOC and L’Etoile AOC.

Question 26

Le voile

Answer 26

The local name in Jura for the layer of a flor-type yeast developed in the Vin Jaune.