will i pass this psych test? (edit: i passed) Flashcards

1
Q

who’s the fucker who created classical conditioning? (ez)

A

Ivan Pavlov ☝️🤓

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2
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

associations made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus

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3
Q

Learning

A

permanent change in behavior that results from experience
• principle of classical conditioning

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4
Q

Neutral Stimulus (NS)

A

a stimulus that does not initially elicit a response

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5
Q

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCR)

A

an event that leads to a certain, predictable response without previous training

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6
Q

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

A

reaction that occurs naturally/ automatically when the UCS is presented
basically: natural reaction to a stimulus

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7
Q

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

A

neutral event that, after training, leads to a response

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8
Q

Conditioned Response (CR)

A

the learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus

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9
Q

Extinction (not for dinosaurs)

A

when the conditioned response no longer elicit the conditioned response

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10
Q

Spontaneous Recovery

A

after a conditioned response has been extinguished, the responses can briefly reappear when it reappears

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11
Q

Stimulus Generalization

A

the tendency to respond to a similar conditioned stimuli

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12
Q

Stimulus Discrimination

A

the ability to respond only to specific stimuli instead of similar stimuli

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13
Q

Aversive Learning

A

conditioning an organism to have an aversive (dislike) response to conditioned stimulus

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14
Q

Second-Order (Higher Order) Conditioning

A

Pavlov paired a bell with a flash of light. After a few pairings, the light alone would make the dog salivate

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15
Q

Systematic Desensitization

A

exposing the patient to a series of approximations to the anxiety-producing stimulus under relaxed conditions until finally the anxiety reaction is extinguished

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16
Q

Flooding

A

continuously exposing an individual to the fear-evoking conditioned stimulus to eliminate the conditioned response (fear)

17
Q

Fixed Ratio

A

reinforcement is provided after a set number of the correct responses are performed

18
Q

Variable Ratio

A

reinforcement is provided after a varying number of correct responses

19
Q

Fixed Interval

A

reinforcement is provided after the first desired response after a set amount of time has elapsed

20
Q

Variable Interval

A

reinforcement is provided after the first desired response after a varying amount of time has elapsed

21
Q

Continuous Reinforcement

A

rewarding the behavior each time it is correctly performed. It works best with new behaviors

22
Q

Partial Reinforcement

A

Once the behavior is learned, it is best to reinforce the behavior every once in a while (on a variable schedule)

23
Q

Escape Learning

A

allows one to terminate an aversive stimulus. If you hate psychology class, you will learn that acting out may get you removed from the class and sent to the dean’s office

24
Q

Avoidance Learning

A

you hate psychology class so you simply learn to cut it