Week 9: Materials✅ Flashcards
What is the primary goal of the WELL Materials concept?
MATERIALS > General
The WELL Materials concept aims to reduce human exposure to chemicals that may impact health during the construction, remodeling, furnishing, and operation of buildings.
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This information comes from Page 213-214 of the WELL V2
What are some examples of legacy chemicals that continue to pose dangers?
MATERIALS > General
Legacy chemicals include lead, asbestos, mercury, chromated copper arsenate (CCA), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which are restricted but still dangerous in older structures or through environmental contamination.
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This information comes from Page 213-214 of the WELL V2
How does the WELL Materials concept address volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?
MATERIALS > General
The WELL Materials concept encourages the use of products tested for low VOC emissions to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) and reduce risks to respiratory health and cancer.
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This information comes from Page 213-214 of the WELL V2
What strategies does the WELL Materials concept promote for selecting building materials?
MATERIALS > General
It promotes ingredient disclosure to increase literacy on materials and encourages the assessment and optimization of product composition to minimize impacts on human and environmental health.
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This information comes from Page 213-214 of the WELL V2
How does the WELL Materials concept support healthier cleaning practices?
MATERIALS > General
It promotes the use of low-hazard cleaning products, cleaning practices that reduce impacts on indoor air quality, and safe management of waste to protect public health.
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This information comes from Page 213-214 of the WELL V2
What is the intent of the X01 Material Restrictions feature?
X01 MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | PRECONDITION
To reduce or eliminate human exposure to building materials known to be hazardous, such as asbestos, mercury, and lead.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
Why is it important to restrict materials like asbestos, mercury, and lead in building materials?
X01 MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | PRECONDITION
Exposure to these materials can cause serious health issues, including asbestosis, developmental issues in children, and various forms of cancer, which still affect millions of people.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What measures can reduce exposure to lead in building materials?
X01 MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | PRECONDITION
Minimizing lead content in materials can reduce leaching from pipes into drinking water, limiting human exposure through aspiration and ingestion.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
How can mercury exposure from building materials be eliminated?
X01 MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | PRECONDITION
By eliminating compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs), which are a potential pathway for mercury exposure.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the global status of asbestos in building materials?
X01 MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | PRECONDITION
Asbestos has been fully or partially banned in most countries, with alternatives widely available to replace it.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the requirement for asbestos content in newly installed or applied products?
X01 | Part 1 Restrict Asbestos
The following product categories must not contain over 1,000 ppm of asbestos by weight or area.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What types of products must comply with the asbestos restriction?
X01 | Part 1 Restrict Asbestos
- Thermal protection, including insulation for pipes, fittings, boilers, tanks, and ducts.
- Acoustic treatments.
- Sheathing.
- Roofing and siding.
- Fire and smoke protection.
- Joint protection.
- Plaster and gypsum board.
- Ceilings.
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Resilient flooring.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the WELL Core Guidance for asbestos restrictions?
X01 | Part 1 Restrict Asbestos
Meet these requirements for the extent of developer buildout.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What requirements must newly installed fluorescent and sodium lamps meet to comply with mercury restrictions?
X01 | Part 2 Restrict Mercury
RoHS restrictions or the specified maximum mercury content for each lamp type (e.g., 3.5 mg for compact fluorescent lamps, 10 mg for T-8, eight-foot lamps, and 32 mg for high-pressure sodium lamps over 400 W).
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the maximum mercury content allowed for high-pressure sodium lamps over 400 W?
X01 | Part 2 Restrict Mercury
32 mg.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the maximum mercury content allowed for newly installed fire alarms, meters, and similar devices?
X01 | Part 2 Restrict Mercury
0.1% (1000 ppm) by weight, or compliance with RoHS restrictions.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What is the maximum lead content allowed in newly installed fire alarms, meters, and similar devices?
X01 | Part 3 Restrict Lead
0.01% (100 ppm) by weight or compliance with RoHS restrictions.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What are the requirements for newly installed paints to comply with lead restrictions?
X01 | Part 3 Restrict Lead
Paints must meet at least one of the following: 100 ppm (0.01%) lead concentration or below, have no added lead carbonates or lead sulfates, be certified as lead-free by ISO 14024-compliant (Type 1) Ecolabel, or meet Feature X08: Materials Optimization.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What are the lead requirements for drinking water pipes, fittings, and solder?
X01 | Part 3 Restrict Lead
Products must be approved for drinking water use by a local authority or certification body or have a weighted wetted average of 0.25% lead or less, verified by a third party, or labeled as ANSI/NSF 372-compliant.
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This information comes from Page 215-217 of the WELL V2
What hazardous materials does X02 aim to manage exposure risks for?
X02 INTERIOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Asbestos, lead, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
Why is asbestos considered hazardous, and what health issues does it cause?
X02 INTERIOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Asbestos is a toxicant and carcinogen, with exposure to its dust being the main cause of mesothelioma, leading to over 200,000 deaths annually.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What are the risks associated with lead in building materials?
X02 INTERIOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Lead can accumulate in blood, tissues, and bones, disrupting body functions and impairing intellectual development in children and fetuses during pregnancy.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
Why were PCBs banned, and where were they commonly used?
X02 INTERIOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
PCBs were used in caulk and electrical equipment but were banned due to their persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation in foods, and carcinogenicity.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What practices are required to manage exposure to these hazardous materials?
X02 INTERIOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Buildings must be evaluated for hazardous materials, which should be removed when feasible, or isolated and monitored. Generating respirable dust must be avoided, and waste must be handled in accordance with best practices.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What must existing buildings constructed before asbestos bans or without local asbestos phase-out regulations do to manage asbestos risks?
X02 | Part 1 Manage Asbestos Hazards
They must perform an asbestos risk assessment or implement an asbestos action plan.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What is required in an asbestos risk assessment for presumed asbestos-containing materials (PACM)?
X02 | Part 1 Manage Asbestos Hazards
An investigation must identify PACM locations, confirm asbestos presence using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) or Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and consider materials with over 1% asbestos as ACM.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What steps are included in an asbestos action plan if ACM is found?
X02 | Part 1 Manage Asbestos Hazards
The plan includes notification of relevant authorities, preventative measures against airborne fibers, worker protection measures, proper handling and disposal of ACM waste, and post-remediation clearance testing.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What are the key methods used for post-remediation clearance testing of asbestos fibers in the air?
X02 | Part 1 Manage Asbestos Hazards
Testing uses Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM) or Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) following standards like NIOSH MNAM Methods 7400/7402 or relevant ISO standards.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
How often must follow-up inspections of managed ACM occur if not removed?
X02 | Part 1 Manage Asbestos Hazards
Follow-up inspections must occur within three years of the previous inspection to evaluate the structural integrity of the ACM.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What must existing buildings constructed before the ban on lead-containing paints do to identify lead paint hazards?
X02 | Part 2 Manage Lead Paint Hazards
They must either demonstrate compliance with local laws regarding lead paint removal or conduct an on-site investigation to identify lead hazards in paint, dust, and soil.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What is required in an investigation to identify lead hazards in existing spaces?
X02 | Part 2 Manage Lead Paint Hazards
The investigation must inventory potential lead-containing materials, confirm lead hazards through X-ray fluorescence (XRF) or laboratory analysis, and check for hazardous lead dust levels above 10 ?g/ft^2 on floors or 100 ?g/ft^2 on window sills.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What steps are included in an action plan if lead is found in a space?
X02 | Part 2 Manage Lead Paint Hazards
The action plan includes notifying occupants, dust containment measures during remediation, worker protection during removal, a re-inspection schedule at least every three years, and post-remediation clearance to ensure dust lead levels are below hazardous thresholds.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What is the threshold for lead in paint to be considered a hazard?
X02 | Part 2 Manage Lead Paint Hazards
Paints containing over 0.5% lead by weight or exceeding 930 ?g/ft^2 in applied area are considered lead hazards.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
How often must spaces with stabilized or enclosed lead paint be re-inspected?
X02 | Part 2 Manage Lead Paint Hazards
Re-inspections, including visual assessments and dust testing, must be performed at least once every three years for lead-containing paints that are not removed.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What must be done to assess the risks of PCB contamination in buildings constructed before PCB bans?
X02 | Part 3 Manage Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Hazards
An inspection strategy must be implemented to determine locations where materials likely containing PCBs may be disturbed, and analysis of caulk or other materials must be performed using local laws or US EPA/ISO testing methods.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What actions must be taken if PCBs are found in disturbed materials?
X02 | Part 3 Manage Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Hazards
The action plan must include notification to authorities and building occupants, preventative measures to avoid the spread of dust, worker protection with gloves, clothing, and respirators, and safe waste handling and disposal of PCB-containing materials.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What type of protection is required for workers handling materials with PCBs during remediation?
X02 | Part 3 Manage Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Hazards
Workers must wear chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing, goggles, and respirators during the removal and handling of PCB-containing materials.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What is required when disturbing caulk or other materials that may contain PCBs?
X02 | Part 3 Manage Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Hazards
If caulk is disturbed, it must be analyzed following local regulations or US EPA/ISO testing protocols to determine if it contains PCBs.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
How should waste from PCB remediation be handled?
X02 | Part 3 Manage Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Hazards
Waste must be managed to minimize contamination spread and disposed of in locations allowed by local regulations.
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This information comes from Page 218-220 of the WELL V2
What is the primary concern associated with chromate copper arsenate (CCA) in wood?
X03 CCA AND LEAD MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
The primary concern is the exposure to arsenic, which is known to cause skin, liver, bladder, and lung cancers, and its potential to contaminate food crops and the environment.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What health risk is associated with the inhalation of chromates from CCA-treated wood?
X03 CCA AND LEAD MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Inhalation of chromates, which are carcinogenic, can increase the risk of developing cancer.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What does this WELL feature require for managing risks of CCA and lead?
X03 CCA AND LEAD MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
This feature requires identifying and remediating hazards associated with CCA and lead, with a focus on reducing the risk of exposure and dispersion of contaminants like lead in soil and paint on outdoor structures.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
How can exposure to lead in playgrounds and artificial turf occur?
X03 CCA AND LEAD MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
Lead can be found in paint on outdoor structures and in fibers of artificial turf or loose rubber, leading to risks from ingestion or inhalation of particles.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What is recommended for testing lead exposure in environments with potential hazards?
X03 CCA AND LEAD MANAGEMENT | PRECONDITION
It is recommended to test for lead in environments where contamination may occur, such as in paint, soil, or rubber crumbs.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
How can CCA-containing wood be identified in existing outdoor structures?
X03 | Part 1 Manage Exterior CCA Hazards
CCA-containing wood can be identified through inspection of purchase records, determination of applicability of legal bans, or testing for arsenic in the wood or surrounding soil.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What must be done to address the presence of CCA-containing wood in outdoor spaces?
X03 | Part 1 Manage Exterior CCA Hazards
To address CCA-containing wood, it must either be disposed of following applicable laws without incinerating or wood chipping, or treated with penetrating, oil-based, semi-transparent stains to prevent arsenic leaching.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
Where must the CCA-containing wood be located for these requirements to apply?
X03 | Part 1 Manage Exterior CCA Hazards
The requirements apply to wood structures outside the building envelope but within the project boundary where human presence is expected, such as decks, fences near walkways, and playgrounds.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What type of stain treatment is recommended for CCA-containing wood?
X03 | Part 1 Manage Exterior CCA Hazards
The recommended treatment is a penetrating (non-film-forming), oil-based, semi-transparent stain to prevent arsenic leaching.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
How is lead in outdoor bare soil assessed?
X03 | Part 2 Manage Lead Hazards
The top 0.6 in (1.5 cm) layer of bare soil is tested for lead. If the lead concentration surpasses 400 ppm, additional samples are taken at depths of 6 in (15 cm), 12 in (30 cm), 18 in (45 cm), and 24 in (60 cm).
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What action must be taken if lead is found in outdoor soil?
X03 | Part 2 Manage Lead Hazards
If lead concentrations exceed 400 ppm, the soil must be replaced with soil from another source to the depth of the deepest sample that exceeds the threshold.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What must be done if lead is found in artificial turf fibers?
X03 | Part 2 Manage Lead Hazards
If the lead concentration of synthetic turf fibers exceeds 136 mg/lb (300 mg/kg), dust-wipe testing must be performed to determine surface dust-lead loading. If the loading is greater than 40 ?g/ft^2 (430 ?g/m^2), the turf must be replaced.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
How should loose-fill rubber on playgrounds be tested for lead?
X03 | Part 2 Manage Lead Hazards
Loose-fill rubber should be sampled using an EPA, ISO, or local protocol for lead testing. If lead content exceeds 136 mg/lb (300 mg/kg), the rubber must be replaced.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What should be done if lead-containing paint is found on playground equipment?
X03 | Part 2 Manage Lead Hazards
If the paint on playground equipment contains lead at a concentration over 90 ppm, it must be removed or encapsulated by a certified specialist or someone with demonstrable experience.
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This information comes from Page 221-222 of the WELL V2
What is the intent of the Site Remediation optimization feature?
X04 SITE REMEDIATION | OPTIMIZATION
The intent is to promote safer development of potentially contaminated sites by assessing and mitigating hazards.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What is the issue with contaminated sites?
X04 SITE REMEDIATION | OPTIMIZATION
Contaminated soil can leach toxic chemicals into groundwater, accumulate in sediments, volatilize into indoor air, or be carried by wind-borne dust, posing risks to human health.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What is the solution to managing contaminated sites?
X04 SITE REMEDIATION | OPTIMIZATION
Site assessment and remediation reduce exposure risks by addressing contaminants that can affect air, water, and soil quality.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What are brownfields and why do they complicate development?
X04 SITE REMEDIATION | OPTIMIZATION
Brownfields are sites with contamination from past industrial activities that can complicate development if hazards are not properly addressed.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What does cleanup of contaminated sites help protect?
X04 SITE REMEDIATION | OPTIMIZATION
Cleanup of contaminated sites protects the public from environmental and health risks and promotes environmentally responsible growth.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What is required for an environmental site assessment on sites with past or present industrial activities?
X04 | Part 1 Assess and Mitigate Site Hazards
The assessment of potential contamination in soil or underground water using local regulations or ASTM E1527-05 guidelines.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What should be done if contaminants are identified during the site investigation?
X04 | Part 1 Assess and Mitigate Site Hazards
Implement a sampling strategy to quantify contamination and determine remediation needs following local regulations or ASTM E1903-97 guidelines.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What are the key components of a sustainable remediation plan?
X04 | Part 1 Assess and Mitigate Site Hazards
A risk-based approach, tiered assessment, safe working practices during remediation, record keeping, and community engagement.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What does the sustainable remediation plan include for worker safety?
X04 | Part 1 Assess and Mitigate Site Hazards
The plan includes safe working practices for workers during the remediation process.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What is the role of stakeholder engagement in the remediation process?
X04 | Part 1 Assess and Mitigate Site Hazards
Engagement of stakeholders is crucial, including managing impacts on the community during the remediation process.
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This information comes from Page 223-224 of the WELL V2
What is the main intent of the WELL feature X05 Enhanced Material Restrictions?
X05 ENHANCED MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Minimize the exposure to certain chemicals by limiting their presence in products.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
Which populations are most vulnerable to the chemicals restricted in X05 Enhanced Material Restrictions?
X05 ENHANCED MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Unborn and young children, as well as pregnant women.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What are some of the chemical classes restricted under X05 Enhanced Material Restrictions?
X05 ENHANCED MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Orthophthalates, halogenated flame retardants (HFR), per-fluorinated compounds (PFCs), heavy metals, and formaldehyde.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is one major concern regarding chemicals like PFAS (PFOA and PFOS)?
X05 ENHANCED MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
They are persisting in natural environments, including drinking water, and are found in humans.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is the primary solution offered by X05 Enhanced Material Restrictions to reduce exposure to harmful chemicals?
X05 ENHANCED MATERIAL RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Selecting products that are devoid of or have reduced amounts of chemicals associated with health concerns.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is the required percentage of newly installed furniture, millwork, and fixtures that must meet specific chemical restrictions under X05 Part 1?
X05 | Part 1 Select Compliant Interior Furnishings
At least 50% by cost of newly installed furniture, millwork, and fixtures (minimum 10 distinct products).
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
Which chemical classes and compounds must be restricted in textiles and plastics for compliance with X05 Part 1?
X05 | Part 1 Select Compliant Interior Furnishings
Halogenated flame retardants (HFR), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), lead, cadmium, and mercury.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is the threshold for compliance regarding the chemical content of textiles and plastics in newly installed furniture and fixtures?
X05 | Part 1 Select Compliant Interior Furnishings
100 ppm (0.01%) by weight or less.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What additional requirement must all newly installed electrical and electronic products meet under X05 Part 1?
X05 | Part 1 Select Compliant Interior Furnishings
They must be compliant with RoHS restrictions.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What are the two options available for selecting compliant interior furnishings under X05 Part 1?
X05 | Part 1 Select Compliant Interior Furnishings
Option 1: Furniture, millwork, and fixtures; Option 2: Electrical and electronic products.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is the required percentage of newly installed products in certain categories that must meet chemical restrictions under X05 Part 2?
X05 | Part 2 Select Compliant Architectural and Interior Products
At least 50% by cost of newly installed products (minimum 10 distinct products).
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
Which chemicals must be restricted in flooring products under X05 Part 2?
X05 | Part 2 Select Compliant Architectural and Interior Products
Halogenated flame retardants (HFR), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and orthophthalates.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What is the threshold for compliance regarding the chemical content in flooring, insulation, ceiling, and wall panels under X05 Part 2?
X05 | Part 2 Select Compliant Architectural and Interior Products
100 ppm (0.01%) by weight or less.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
Which chemicals must be restricted in insulation products under X05 Part 2?
X05 | Part 2 Select Compliant Architectural and Interior Products
Halogenated flame retardants (HFR).
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What chemical restriction applies to plastic plumbing under X05 Part 2?
X05 | Part 2 Select Compliant Architectural and Interior Products
Plastic plumbing must contain 100 ppm (0.01%) by weight or less of orthophthalates.
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This information comes from Page 225-226 of the WELL V2
What are VOCs and why are they a concern for indoor air quality?
X06 VOC RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
VOCs are volatile organic compounds that can cause a range of health issues, from irritation to liver, kidney, and central nervous system damage, and some are known or suspected carcinogens.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What can contribute to high VOC levels in a building?
X06 VOC RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Newly installed furniture, insulation, flooring, paints, adhesives, sealants, and coatings can significantly introduce VOCs into living spaces, with high concentrations for one to two years.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What is one solution to reduce VOC emissions in a building?
X06 VOC RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Selecting products with low or no VOC emissions and choosing materials that reduce off-gassing can help to reduce VOC levels and improve indoor air quality.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
How does reducing VOC emissions impact ventilation?
X06 VOC RESTRICTIONS | OPTIMIZATION
Reducing VOC emissions helps to lower ventilation demands by limiting the need for additional air circulation to remove harmful compounds.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What is the requirement for newly installed wet-applied products inside the building envelope?
X06 | Part 1 Limit VOCs from Wet-Applied Products
All wet-applied products (paints, coatings, adhesives, sealants, poured floorings) must meet VOC content thresholds and testing standards set by third-party laboratories.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What standards or regulations must these wet-applied products meet for VOC content?
X06 | Part 1 Limit VOCs from Wet-Applied Products
Products must meet VOC content standards from one of the following:
- SCAQMD Rule 1168
- CARB SCM for Architectural Coatings
- EU Ecolabel for paints, among others.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What percentage of products need to be tested for VOC emissions?
X06 | Part 1 Limit VOCs from Wet-Applied Products
At least 75% of products (by surface area or volume) must meet VOC emission thresholds, tested by a third-party laboratory.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What are some of the testing methods for VOC emissions?
X06 | Part 1 Limit VOCs from Wet-Applied Products
Testing must follow standards like California Department of Public Health (CDPH), AgBB, or EN 16516-1:2018 for VOC emissions.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What is the compliance requirement for flooring products to restrict VOC emissions?
X06 | Part 2 Restrict VOC Emissions from Furniture, Architectural and Interior Products
90% of the cost or surface area of flooring products must meet VOC emission thresholds.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What are the product categories that must meet VOC emission thresholds?
X06 | Part 2 Restrict VOC Emissions from Furniture, Architectural and Interior Products
Flooring, furniture, millwork, and fixtures, and insulation, ceiling, and wall panels are the categories that must comply with VOC emission thresholds.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What are the acceptable materials for custom-made or refurbished furniture to restrict VOC emissions?
X06 | Part 2 Restrict VOC Emissions from Furniture, Architectural and Interior Products
Custom-made or refurbished furniture must be made exclusively with metal, untreated wood, glass, ceramic, or stone, without organic additives.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What are the standards that products must meet for VOC testing?
X06 | Part 2 Restrict VOC Emissions from Furniture, Architectural and Interior Products
Products must be tested for VOC emissions according to standards such as California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Standard Method, AgBB, or ANSI/BIFMA e3-2014.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What is the minimum time that products must be installed or manufactured before project registration?
X06 | Part 2 Restrict VOC Emissions from Furniture, Architectural and Interior Products
Products must be installed for at least 6 months or manufactured and unmodified for at least one year before project registration.
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This information comes from Page 227-229 of the WELL V2
What is the main goal of the Materials Transparency feature in WELL?
X07 MATERIALS TRANSPARENCY | OPTIMIZATION
The main goal is to promote material transparency across the building material and product supply chain.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
Why is there a need for material transparency in the building industry?
X07 MATERIALS TRANSPARENCY | OPTIMIZATION
The lack of robust data and knowledge about chemicals in the supply chain makes it difficult to make informed choices about safer products.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What solutions are proposed to improve material transparency?
X07 MATERIALS TRANSPARENCY | OPTIMIZATION
Labels promoting material ingredient disclosure encourage transparency and help users make informed decisions about product safety.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
How does material transparency benefit human health?
X07 MATERIALS TRANSPARENCY | OPTIMIZATION
It helps bridge the information gap between manufacturers and users, allowing for the selection of safer chemicals in products.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What problem does the Materials Transparency feature aim to address in the supply chain?
X07 MATERIALS TRANSPARENCY | OPTIMIZATION
It aims to address the complexity and lack of complete ingredient lists in building materials, preventing informed decision-making about product safety.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What percentage of products need disclosed ingredients for compliance?
X07 | Part 1 Select Products with Disclosed Ingredients
At least 50% by count or 25 distinct products need disclosed ingredients.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What are the options for disclosing product ingredients?
X07 | Part 1 Select Products with Disclosed Ingredients
Ingredients can be disclosed through a Declare label, Health Product Declaration (HPD), Cradle-to-Cradle Certified� product, Product Lens Certification�, or Product Health Declaration.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is required for a manufacturer’s inventory to meet compliance?
X07 | Part 1 Select Products with Disclosed Ingredients
The inventory must include CAS numbers of all individual compounds down to 1,000 ppm (0.1%), and disclose GHS hazards for trade secret compounds.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What certification levels are required for Cradle-to-Cradle Certified� products?
X07 | Part 1 Select Products with Disclosed Ingredients
The product must have a Gold or Platinum level in the Material Health Category.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is the role of a third party in product ingredient disclosure?
X07 | Part 1 Select Products with Disclosed Ingredients
A third party can help disclose product ingredients through programs like the HPD Public Repository or Product Lens Certification�.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is the minimum number of products required for enhanced ingredient disclosure?
X07 | Part 2 Select Products with Enhanced Ingredient Disclosure
At least 15 distinct permanently installed products need enhanced ingredient disclosure.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is the required level of ingredient disclosure for compliance?
X07 | Part 2 Select Products with Enhanced Ingredient Disclosure
All ingredients must be disclosed down to 100 ppm.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What are the acceptable platforms for ingredient disclosure?
X07 | Part 2 Select Products with Enhanced Ingredient Disclosure
Ingredients can be disclosed through a Declare label, Health Product Declaration (HPD), manufacturer’s disclosure, or third-party materials database platform.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What information must be provided for trade secret compounds?
X07 | Part 2 Select Products with Enhanced Ingredient Disclosure
For trade secret compounds, GHS hazards of category 1 or 2 must be listed, and a concentration range must be provided.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What products are included in the requirement for enhanced ingredient disclosure?
X07 | Part 2 Select Products with Enhanced Ingredient Disclosure
The requirement applies to flooring, insulation, wet-applied products, ceiling and wall assemblies, and furniture.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is the minimum number of products required for third-party verified ingredient disclosure?
X07 | Part 3 Select Products with Third-Party Verified Ingredients
At least 15 distinct permanently installed products need third-party verified ingredient disclosure.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What must be disclosed for compliance?
X07 | Part 3 Select Products with Third-Party Verified Ingredients
All ingredients must be disclosed through a Declare label, Health Product Declaration (HPD), Cradle-to-Cradle Certified�, Product Lens Certification�, or Product Health Declaration.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is required for ingredient disclosure verification?
X07 | Part 3 Select Products with Third-Party Verified Ingredients
The ingredient disclosure must be verified by a third party that is not affiliated with the manufacturer or ingredient disclosure certificate.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What types of products are included in this requirement?
X07 | Part 3 Select Products with Third-Party Verified Ingredients
The requirement applies to flooring, insulation, wet-applied products, ceiling and wall assemblies, and furniture.
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This information comes from Page 230-232 of the WELL V2
What is the intent of this WELL feature?
X08 MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION | OPTIMIZATION
The intent is to promote the selection of products that have been audited to minimize impacts on human and environmental health.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What is the issue with hazardous materials in products?
X08 MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION | OPTIMIZATION
The issue is the difficulty in tracing the potential environmental and human health impacts of a vast variety of chemicals used globally.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What is the solution for selecting safer materials?
X08 MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION | OPTIMIZATION
The solution is using screening and certification schemes that restrict the use of hazardous ingredients in materials and products.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What do screening and certification schemes help achieve?
X08 MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION | OPTIMIZATION
They help mitigate exposure to harmful substances and promote market transformation towards safer materials.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What are the requirements for Option 1: Materials selection?
X08 | Part 1 Select Materials with Enhanced Chemical Restrictions
For at least 25 distinct products, ingredients must be inventoried to 100 ppm and meet one of the following:
1. Free of compounds listed in the Living Building Challenge’s Red List v.4.0.
2. Meets chemical thresholds in the Cradle to Cradle Basic Level Restricted Substances List.
3. Does not contain compounds in the REACH Restriction, Authorization, and SHVC lists.
4. Meets an optimization path under LEED v4.1 credit for material ingredients.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What are the requirements for Option 2: Future purchase of compliant products?
X08 | Part 1 Select Materials with Enhanced Chemical Restrictions
For projects with fewer than 25 distinct products, the requirement is that products purchased for future repair, renovation, or replacement comply with the chemical restrictions of Option 1.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What is required for recertification in Option 2?
X08 | Part 1 Select Materials with Enhanced Chemical Restrictions
For recertification, projects must provide product specification sheets for purchases of eligible products occurring after initial certification.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What are the certification requirements for selecting optimized products?
X08 | Part 2 Select Optimized Products
At least 15 distinct products must be certified under one of the following:
1. Cradle to Cradle Certified� products with Silver, Gold, or Platinum in the Material Health category.
2. Living Product Challenge, Materials and Health & Happiness Petals, or Living Product Certification from the International Living Future Institute.
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This information comes from Page 233-234 of the WELL V2
What is the intent of the Waste Management optimization feature in the WELL certification?
X09 WASTE MANAGEMENT | OPTIMIZATION
Mitigate environmental contamination and associated exposure to hazards present in certain wastes.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What issue does the Waste Management feature aim to address?
X09 WASTE MANAGEMENT | OPTIMIZATION
Hazardous waste disposal may expose people to toxic metals, pesticides, and e-waste if not properly managed.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What solution does the Waste Management feature recommend to mitigate risks associated with hazardous waste?
X09 WASTE MANAGEMENT | OPTIMIZATION
Handling and minimizing hazardous waste, separating it from other solid wastes, and ensuring proper recycling or disposal.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What must be included in the Waste Management Plan for WELL Certification?
X09 | Part 1 Implement a Waste Management Plan
Identification of roles, responsibilities, and vendors for implementing the plan, along with waste management strategies.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What strategy must the Waste Management Plan include for waste collection?
X09 | Part 1 Implement a Waste Management Plan
Clearly labeled receptacles for each categorized waste, with removal from the building within one year.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What protocols should be included in the Waste Management Plan for handling hazardous waste?
X09 | Part 1 Implement a Waste Management Plan
Cleaning protocols for mercury spills, pesticides, and battery fluid, including sealed containment of residues.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What tracking and reporting protocols must be included in the Waste Management Plan?
X09 | Part 1 Implement a Waste Management Plan
Protocols to track, measure, and report waste stream flows and for off-site shipment of wastes.
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This information comes from Page 235-236 of the WELL V2
What is the main goal of the Pest Management and Pesticide Use feature in WELL Certification?
X10 PEST MANAGEMENT AND PESTICIDE USE | OPTIMIZATION
To reduce pest presence in buildings through integrated pest management (IPM), prioritizing non-toxic pest control.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What is the preferred approach for managing pests under the Pest Management feature?
X10 PEST MANAGEMENT AND PESTICIDE USE | OPTIMIZATION
Integrated pest management (IPM) should be used, with biological or chemical pesticides applied only when necessary.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What is required when pesticides are used in a building?
X10 PEST MANAGEMENT AND PESTICIDE USE | OPTIMIZATION
Signage detailing pesticide information must be provided at the site of application.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
How does IPM minimize the need for pesticide use?
X10 PEST MANAGEMENT AND PESTICIDE USE | OPTIMIZATION
By focusing on identifying pests, understanding triggers for infestations, and establishing cultural, physical, and educational barriers.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What are the key elements required in the pest management plan?
X10 | Part 1 Manage Pests
The plan must include roles and responsibilities, pest management objectives, design and operational measures, pest tolerance thresholds, and records of pest monitoring.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What are the criteria for pesticides used in periodic applications under the pest management plan?
X10 | Part 1 Manage Pests
Pesticides must be evaluated by the Pesticide Research Institute (PRI), listed in the City of San Francisco’s Reduced Risk Pesticide List, or classified as low-risk in the EU Pesticides Database.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What notifications are required before and after pesticide application?
X10 | Part 1 Manage Pests
Building occupants must be notified at least 24 hours before application, and signage must be posted at the site for 24 hours before and after the application.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
How often is the pest management plan evaluated?
X10 | Part 1 Manage Pests
The plan’s effectiveness is evaluated annually.
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This information comes from Page 237-238 of the WELL V2
What are the key components of the cleaning plan for WELL certification?
X11 CLEANING PRODUCTS AND PROTOCOLS | OPTIMIZATION
The plan must include restrictions on hazardous ingredients, a cleaning schedule, and a program for staff training.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
Why is it important to use less hazardous cleaning products?
X11 CLEANING PRODUCTS AND PROTOCOLS | OPTIMIZATION
Using less hazardous products can reduce respiratory and dermal symptoms and improve indoor air quality.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What health concerns are associated with cleaning products?
X11 CLEANING PRODUCTS AND PROTOCOLS | OPTIMIZATION
Certain products may irritate the nose, eyes, throat, and lungs, and trigger conditions like asthma attacks.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What additional measures should be taken during cleaning practices to ensure health safety?
X11 CLEANING PRODUCTS AND PROTOCOLS | OPTIMIZATION
In addition to personal protective equipment (PPE), engineering controls such as ventilation should be implemented to reduce exposure to hazards.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What should be included in a cleaning plan to meet WELL certification?
X11 | Part 1 Improve Cleaning Practices
The plan must detail the extent and frequency of cleaning, responsibilities of staff, and a process to evaluate adherence.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What are the requirements for disinfection in the cleaning plan?
X11 | Part 1 Improve Cleaning Practices
The plan should identify high-touch surfaces, frequency of disinfection, and directions of use for disinfectants.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What safety precautions should be taken when storing cleaning products?
X11 | Part 1 Improve Cleaning Practices
Cleaning products should be stored in a fit-for-purpose space and color-coded to prevent mixing bleach and ammonia-based products.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What should be included in the training program for cleaning staff?
X11 | Part 1 Improve Cleaning Practices
The program should cover cross-contamination prevention, hand hygiene, and PPE use, and be provided annually or when protocols change.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What are the requirements for cleaning products to be specified in the cleaning plan?
X11 | Part 2 Select Preferred Cleaning Products
Products must be labeled as ‘low-hazard’ or ‘safer’ by an ISO Reference or a third-party certification recognized by the local government.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What must be disclosed in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) of cleaning products?
X11 | Part 2 Select Preferred Cleaning Products
The SDS must disclose ingredients per EU Regulation 2015/830 or California State Bill No. 258, and no ingredients should be classified as Category 1, 1A, or 1B for certain GHS hazard codes.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What is required for cleaning products to meet Feature X08 Materials Optimization?
X11 | Part 2 Select Preferred Cleaning Products
Cleaning products must meet Feature X08 Materials Optimization for material restrictions and hazardous ingredient screening.
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This information comes from Page 239-241 of the WELL V2
What is the intent of ? Contact Reduction?
X12 ? CONTACT REDUCTION | OPTIMIZATION
The intent is to reduce human contact with respiratory particles and surfaces that may carry pathogens.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
How can respiratory particles contribute to the spread of diseases?
X12 ? CONTACT REDUCTION | OPTIMIZATION
Respiratory particles can be deposited on surfaces (fomites), where they may survive and spread when touched, potentially leading to oral or nasal exposure.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What strategies can reduce the risk of pathogen transmission in spaces?
X12 ? CONTACT REDUCTION | OPTIMIZATION
Strategies include physical distancing, providing barriers to prevent respiratory particles, and reducing surfaces that people need to touch.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What distancing strategies should be implemented during periods of higher respiratory disease incidence?
X12 ? | Part 1 Reduce Respiratory Particle Exposure
At least one of the following: queuing marks, screens or protective furnishings, or self-service systems at areas with frequent interactions between people and workers.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What circulation strategies help reduce respiratory particle exposure?
X12 ? | Part 1 Reduce Respiratory Particle Exposure
At least one of the following: one-way hallways, separate entry and exit doors at entrances, or separate entry and exit for restrooms (except single-user bathrooms).
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What should be included in shared spaces to reduce respiratory particle exposure?
X12 ? | Part 1 Reduce Respiratory Particle Exposure
Strategies to increase distance among occupants, face covering requirements, and clear rules for occupancy.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What are the surface touch management requirements for the project?
X12 ? | Part 2 Address Surface Hand Touch
The project must offer hands-free operation or implement design strategies to avoid hand operation for at least three of the following: entry doors, elevators, water dispensers, window blinds or lighting switches, and lids of bins.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What surfaces should be supported for hand hygiene near high-touch areas?
X12 ? | Part 2 Address Surface Hand Touch
Support for hand hygiene should be available near handrails, mobility support structures, and accessibility features like door buttons and wheelchair lift controls.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
What policy should the project establish for shared equipment?
X12 ? | Part 2 Address Surface Hand Touch
The project should establish and communicate rules for the usage and cleaning of shared tools and devices like photocopiers, gym equipment, and communal kitchen appliances.
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This information comes from Page 242-244 of the WELL V2
