Week 3: Water✅ Flashcards

Question

What must be confirmed about the water treatment system in leased spaces under WELL Core Guidance? ## Footnote W02 | Part 2 Meet Thresholds for Organics and Pesticides

Answer 1

**The same water treatment system must be used in all leased spaces, or an allowance must be provided for tenants to purchase the same type of treatment system.** ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 50-52 of the WELL V2*

Answer 2

**A professional demonstrated not to have a conflict of interest with the WELL project must conduct the testing.** ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 50-52 of the WELL V2*

Answer 3

This WELL feature requires projects to **proactively test drinking water** and **manage recirculating hot water systems** against Legionella colonization. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 4

Sampling is an effective verification tool because **all water systems require some degree of validation** to ensure that health targets are met under operational conditions. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 5

Common assets vulnerable to Legionella infestation include **domestic potable and hot water systems**, **cooling towers**, **humidifiers**, **misters**, **decorative fountains**, **spas**, and **hot tubs**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 6

Basic management practices include **monitoring turbidity, residual chlorine, and pH** and conducting a thorough and **quantitative risk assessment** of building's water assets. Implementing a proper **Legionella management plan** should reduce the risk of exposure to pathogenic bacteria. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 7

**Turbidity, pH, residual (free) chlorine, total coliforms (if residual chlorine is below detection limits), and any parameter at 80% or above its threshold.** ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 8

**Total coliforms must be tested if residual chlorine is below detection limits.** ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 9

Parameters at **80% or above their threshold** must be tested **at least annually** at the locations where they were found. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 10

Water quality results must be submitted **annually through the WELL digital platform**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 11

The requirements should be met in **non-leased spaces**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 12

The plan must address **hot water systems, cooling towers, decorative fountains**, and any other devices or spaces under the project's control where water is recirculated and aerosolized. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 13

Key components include: **roles for Legionella management**, **water system inventory and process flow diagrams**, **hazard analysis of water assets**, **monitoring actions for relevant variables**, **critical control points**, **verification and validation procedures**, and **protocols for documenting results**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 14

Documentation must be submitted **annually through the WELL digital platform**, including monitoring results, corrective actions, and Legionella sample results (if any). ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 15

The hazard analysis must include **an explanation of building-wide Legionella management policies** if the project does not operate the building hot water supply system, detailing how these policies influence risk. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 16

The requirements should be implemented **in the whole building**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 53-54 of the WELL V2*

Answer 17

This WELL feature requires projects to **provide drinking water that meets thresholds on chemicals** that affect aesthetics and taste concerns. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 18

Water may be unappealing to drink because of **taste, odor, and appearance concerns**, such as high levels of chloride contributing to a salty taste or iron giving the water a reddish appearance. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 19

Treatment options to address nuisance chemicals include **filtration with carbon media** and **reverse osmosis**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 20

By managing nuisance chemicals, projects can **provide more appealing and palatable drinking water**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 21

The maximum allowable concentrations are: **Aluminum <= 0.2 mg/L**, **Chloride <= 250 mg/L**, and **Copper <= 1 mg/L**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 22

The threshold for **Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is <= 500 mg/L**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 23

The maximum concentration of **Free Chlorine is <= 1.25 mg/L**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 24

The parameters include: **Aluminum, Chloride, Copper, Manganese, Iron, Silver, Sodium, Sulfate, Sulfide, Zinc, TDS, and Free Chlorine**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 25

The requirements should be implemented **in the whole building**. Projects must either confirm that the **same water treatment system** will be used in all leased spaces or provide an allowance for tenants to purchase the same type of treatment system. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 55-56 of the WELL V2*

Answer 26

This WELL feature requires **pre-testing of water quality parameters** to determine treatment needs, more frequent monitoring, and disclosure of water results. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 27

Issues that can affect drinking water quality include **contaminant intrusion in distribution pipes**, **unsupervised changes in municipal water supply and treatment**, and **weather-related events**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 28

Sound water quality management begins with **testing and analysis of historical data** to understand the incoming water quality. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 29

Periodic water monitoring confirms water quality, determines maintenance needs, and **increases drinking water consumption** by occupants, promoting both cost-saving and sustainability efforts. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 30

The key parameters include: **Turbidity, Coliforms, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Chlorine, Residual (free) chlorine, Arsenic, Lead, Copper, Nitrate, and Benzene**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 31

Sampling should occur at **the water dispenser closest to the pipe delivering water into the project**, **a drinking water dispenser on the highest floor** and the **dispenser farthest from the main supply** for projects with more than two floors, and **one additional dispenser for every 10 floors** for projects with 12 or more floors. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 32

The thresholds are: **Turbidity <= 1.0 NTU, FTU, or FNU**, **pH between 6.5 and 9.0 (5.5 and 9.0 if using reverse osmosis)**, and **TDS <= 500 mg/L**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 33

If any sample exceeds the thresholds, **remediation and re-testing must occur within a month**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 34

If non-leased spaces have no water supplies, the project must **sample water from leased areas**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 35

**Water quality results from the most recent sampling**, including the **date of testing** and **compliance with WELL thresholds**. If filters or treatment units are used, details about the **treatment technologies** and the **most recent date of maintenance or filter cartridge replacement** must also be displayed. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 36

The information should be displayed in **tenant-accessible areas** in non-leased spaces or otherwise be made available to tenants. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 57-59 of the WELL V2*

Answer 37

This WELL feature requires **readily available and maintained dispensers for drinking water**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 38

Many people do not hydrate enough to meet health guidelines even where drinking water is available, partly due to **negative perceptions about the quality of tap water**, leading to increased adoption of bottled water. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 39

The excess waste produced by the dumping and degradation of single-use bottles and the generation of microplastics is a **serious environmental concern**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 40

Consumption of plain water can be increased by making it easily available, removing barriers to accessibility, and combining the addition of **drinking fountains with information sessions**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 41

At least **one drinking water dispenser per floor** must be located within a **100 ft (30 m) walk distance** of all regularly occupied floor areas and in all dining areas. The water delivered by these dispensers must be **directly piped through the building's water supply** or stored in **containers designed for refilling**, and all newly installed drinking water fountains must be **designed for water bottle-refilling**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 42

All drinking water dispensers must have their **mouthpieces/outlets, protective guards, aerators (if present), basins, and touch points cleaned on a daily basis**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 43

Projects may provide **one water supply and drainage point for each 900 m2 (10,000 ft2) of leased spaces** that can be connected to a drinking water dispenser. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 60-61 of the WELL V2*

Answer 44

This WELL feature requires projects to **develop strategies to minimize the presence of unintentional water** and manage it through material selection and inspections. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 45

**About 20% of buildings** in Europe, Canada, and the U.S. are affected by excess moisture and dampness. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 46

Improperly managed moisture can **increase the risk of developing respiratory infections and asthma** for those within the building. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 47

Projects can reduce this risk through **effective design of the building's curtain wall, water piping assemblies and ventilation systems**, and by selecting appropriate materials where condensation may occur, along with regular inspections. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 48

The measures include **verification of site drainage and storm water management** during construction, **air tightness testing**, addressing **adverse vapor pressure differentials**, considering at least **three strategies in entryway design** to minimize water ingress, installing a **continuous drainage plane** interior to the exterior cladding, and **minimizing capillary suction** in porous building materials. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 49

Methods include **free-draining spaces** between exterior cladding and weather-resistant barriers, and using **non-porous materials** such as closed-cell foams, waterproofing membranes, or metal between porous materials. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 50

Air tightness testing assesses **water vapor transfer** to protect the building envelope from moisture intrusion. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 51

Entryway design should consider at least **three strategies** to minimize the ingress or permeation of water into the building. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 52

These requirements should be applied **in the whole building**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 53

Measures include **protection of moisture-sensitive building materials** and selecting **moisture-resistant materials or finishes** for surfaces likely to be exposed to liquid water, such as finished floors, or materials that may absorb moisture, like interior sheathing in basements, areas at or below grade, bathrooms, janitorial rooms, or kitchens. Additionally, addressing **condensation on cold surfaces** such as basements, slab-on-grade floors, inside exterior walls, and glazing is essential. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 54

All hard-piped fixtures, such as toilets, dishwashers, icemakers, water treatment devices, and clothes washers, must have a **labeled, readily accessible single-throw manual shut-off or automatic shut-off at the point-of-connection**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 55

Installed water treatment devices must have a **waste line fixed in-place, equipped with a backflow preventor**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 56

These requirements should be applied **in the whole building**, and feature requirements may be communicated within tenant lease agreements. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 57

The plan should include a **schedule of periodic inspections** for signs and potential sources of water damage or pooling, discoloration, and mold on ceilings, walls, floors, and HVAC equipment. It should also have a **system or inspection protocol to periodically assess water pipe leaks** and a **system for occupants and tenants to notify building management about mold or water damage**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 58

The **results of inspections for mold and leaks**, including any mold test results, must be **submitted annually through the WELL digital platform**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 59

These requirements should be applied **in the whole building**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 62-64 of the WELL V2*

Answer 60

This WELL feature requires projects to **provide bathrooms that accommodate users with diverse needs** and to improve hygiene by offering large sinks, soap containers, hand drying support, and reduced touch points. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 61

Proper hand hygiene is critical to **reducing the incidence of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases** after bathroom use. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 62

Some individuals, such as women, caregivers, small children, older adults, and those requiring assistance, **frequently lack access to facilities that support their needs** due to insufficient quantity and lack of sanitary materials. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 63

Bathrooms can be designed and furnished with **trash receptacles, baby changing stations, large sinks, fragrance-free soap, hand dryers, and fixtures that minimize unnecessary contact with the hands**. Single-user facilities with gender-neutral signage can provide safe, comfortable bathroom availability for individuals of all gender identities. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 64

**Sanitary pads, tampons, or other menstrual products** must be provided at **no cost** or **subsidized by at least 50%**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 65

All occupants must have access to **at least one bathroom per floor that provides an accessible stall**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 66

Single-user bathrooms must be **open to all individuals** with accompanying signage and must meet the **room and stall dimensions required by local accessibility code**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 67

Family bathrooms must include **changing tables for infants**, **children's toilet facilities**, **children's sinks or accommodations for child use**, **motion sensor lights**, **skid-resistant floors**, **safety grab bars**, and **at least one designated location for bags**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 68

Hand drying options include **paper towels**, **hand dryers equipped with a HEPA filter**, and **fabric hand towel rolls with dispensers**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 69

**Hands-free flushing** must be provided. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 70

**Contactless soap dispensers and hand drying** must be provided. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 71

Users should be able to exit the bathroom **hands-free**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 72

Faucets must be **sensor-activated**, equipped with a **programmable line-purge system**, and if mixing is used, **hot- and cold-water lines are mixed at the point of use**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 73

Faucets must have a design that **prevents the water column from flowing directly into the drain** or a **sink drain stopper** must be installed. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 74

The sink basin must be at least **9 inches (23 cm)** in width and length. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 75

The water column must be at least **3 inches (7.5 cm)** away from any edge of the sink. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 76

The water column must reach at least **6 inches (15 cm)** in length, measured along the flow of water. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 65-67 of the WELL V2*

Answer 77

This WELL feature requires projects to **implement a safety plan** when capturing and using non-potable water within the project boundary. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 78

Efficient water management is essential due to the rise of extreme droughts and long-term water scarcity, requiring changes in how humans think about and use water. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 79

Buildings can reduce pressure on city-wide water infrastructure by **minimizing the use of municipally sourced water for applications that do not require potability**, such as irrigation and flushing toilets. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 80

Key aspects include **treating and monitoring water quality before reuse**, ensuring water capture and reuse does not create stagnation, performing periodic checks on storage tanks, avoiding commingling of potable and non-potable water pipes, and managing smells and odors to avoid health perception issues. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 81

The safety plan must include a list of key team roles for **design, operations, maintenance, and third-party inspection** of the non-potable water system. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 82

The plan must include an analysis of how human exposure to pathogens through **ingestion and inhalation** is minimized, including strategies for **cross-connection control and backflow prevention**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 83

The diagram must display **non-potable water sources, conveyances, storage units, treatment devices, and points of use**, emphasizing where **makeup potable water** may be added. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 84

Projects must submit **documentation of the startup procedure, maintenance logs, results from verification tests (when applicable), and third-party inspections**. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*

Answer 85

Projects must provide **visual evidence of conspicuous signage** to clearly distinguish **potable from non-potable water** and informative displays highlighting the safety features and conservation goals of the system. ## Footnote *This information comes from Page 68-70 of the WELL V2*