Week 9 - Infancy and Childhood Flashcards
Hyperplasia
Proliferation of cells in the body
Hypertrophy
Increase in cell size
Maturation
The process of becoming mature or the process towards a mature biological state
Where does maturation occur within the body?
All organs and their systems and tissues
2 contexts for development….biological and ____________
Biological and behavioural
Biological development
The development of stem cells into functioning cells and systems
Four components of behavioral development
Motor/skill acquisition, socially acceptable behaviours, intellectual, emotional
Chronological age
How many years old you are
Biological age
Biological age is how old a person seems that takes into account lifestyle, diet, exercise, sleeping habits etc.
Prenatal
period of growth and development prior to birth (~9 months)
Germinal Period
fertilization to end of germ layer formation (weeks 1 – 2 of
development)
Embryonic Period
days 14-56 (weeks 3-8) after fertilization
Foetal Period
56 days to birth (last 30 weeks)
Postnatal
period after birth
Infancy
first year of birth (0-1 year)
Perinatal
the first week
Neonatal
the first month
Postnatal
the remainder of the first year
Childhood
1 year – adolescence
Early childhood
1-4 years
Middle childhood
5 years to adolescence
Adolescence
~10-18 years
Onset and termination of adolescence is highly variable in men and women, what years are they for both?
Males 10-22 years
Females 8-19 years
Age groups for young adult, middle age, older adult
20-40 years, 40-65 years, 65 years to death respectively.
Three generations after 65
65-65, 67-85, 85+
What type of growth occurs at infancy and early childhood
Rapid growth
What type of growth occurs at middle childhood
Steady process of growth
Which stage and day of embryonic development
Morula 16 cell formation with zona pellucida layer - Day 4
Which stage and day of embryonic development
Early blastocyst - Day 6
Which stage and day of embryonic development
Late blastocyst - Day 10
Which stage and day of embryonic development
Gastrula - Day 16
Three layers are formed at the Gastrula stage of embryonic development, what are they?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
Define embryonic folding
When the embryo starts to form shape into a feotus
Dermatomes
The dermatome is an area of skin supplied by nerves from a single spinal root, each spinal nerve innervates a particular known area of skin
Myotome
A group of muscles that a single nerve innervates
