Week 4 - Blood Vessels and Systems

Question 1

What vessels are the majority of blood travelling in

Answer 1

The the venous system (veins)

Question 2

Veins are called C__________ vessels

Answer 2

Capacitance vessels

Question 3

Capillaries

Answer 3

Link between arterial and venous system

Question 4

What is an important function of capillaries

Answer 4

Body temperature regulation

Question 5

What happens to blood pressure and velocity as the total cross-sectional area increases

Answer 5

Decreases

Question 6

What carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Answer 6

Pulmonary arteries

Question 7

What carries oxygenated from the left ventricle to the body

Answer 7

Circulatory arteries

Question 8

Role of coronary circulation

Answer 8

Provide the heart muscle (myocardium) with oxygenated blood to enable function

Question 9

2 coronary arteries

Answer 9

Right coronary artery (RCA) and Left coronary artery (LCA)

Question 10

What does the RCA supply blood to

Answer 10

Right ventricle and atrium

Question 11

What does the LCA supply blood to

Answer 11

Left ventricle and left atrium

Question 12

The LCA splits into two branches, name these

Answer 12

Left anterior descending and Circumflex branches

Question 13

Cardiac cycle

Answer 13

All mechanical and electrical events in one heart beat

Question 14

Stroke volume (SV)

Answer 14

Volume of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat

Question 15

Heart Rate (HR)

Answer 15

The number of times the heart beats per minute

Question 16

Cardiac Output

Answer 16

Total volume of blood pumped out of the heart per minute

Question 17

Equation for Cardiac Output

Answer 17

CO = HR x SV

Question 18

Ejection fraction

Answer 18

The fraction of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

EF(%) = SV/EDV x 100 (blood left the heart / the maximum amount of blood it holds)

EDV (end diastolic volume)

Question 19

Unit of measurement for CO

Answer 19

Litre per minute (L/min)

Question 20

Resting Cardiac Output

Answer 20

~4.2 to 5.6 L/min

Question 21

Females average CO

Answer 21

4L/min-1

Question 22

Males average CO

Answer 22

5L/min-1

Question 23

Why do males have a higher CO

Answer 23

The differences in body size

Question 24

Systolic blood pressure

Answer 24

~120 mm Hg - Maximal pressure of blood against the arterials walls during systole (heart contraction; ventricle contraction)
Estimate of how hard the heart is working and strain on arterial walls during ventricular contraction

Question 25

Diastolic blood pressure

Answer 25

~70-80 mm Hg - Pressure exerted by blood against the arterial walls during diastole (heart
relaxation; ventricle relaxation)
During relaxation (diastolic) phase of cardiac cycle, arterial blood pressure
decreases
Indicate peripheral resistance i.e. the ease with which blood flows from
arterioles into capillaries