Week 2 - Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Number of normal teeth

A

32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 types of digestion in the oral cavity

A

Mechanical and chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many large salivary glands are there in the oral cavity

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many litres of saliva is secreted a day

A

1-1.5L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of saliva

A

Keeps oral cavity moist, suspension of food in solution that aids taste, begins digestion, protects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Two types of enzymes secreted in the oral cavity that help with digestion

A

Salivary amylase

Lingual lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Salivary amylase

A

Starch splitting enzyme which breaks down 3-5% of carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lingual lipase

A

digests small amounts of lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An enzyme secreted to protect against bacteria

A

Lysozyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Three parts of the Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx and Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which 2/3 parts of the pharynx are associated with digestion

A

Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Uvula/soft palate function

A

Stops food from entering nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epiglottis function

A

Prevents food from entering Larynx/wind pipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the Oesophagus located and how does it enter the diaphragm

A

Posterior to the trachea and enters the diaphragm through the hiatus (opening)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is food controlled entering into the oesophagus

A

The upper and lower oesophageal sphincters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Phases of swallowing

A
  1. Voluntary phase
  2. Pharyngeal phase
  3. Oesophageal phase
17
Q

What gives the stomach its large surface area to stretch

A

Submucosa and mucosa are folded (rugae), which assists with increasing its surface area and expands the stomach when it receives food

18
Q

Stomach secretions

A

Mucous, hydrochloric acid, enzymes and hormones

19
Q

Name the stomach enzymes secreted and what they do

A

Gastric lipase - breaks down fats/lipids

Pepsin - breaks down protein

20
Q

Name the hormone secreted by the stomach and what it does

A

Gastrin - increases gastric secretions

21
Q

How does the body regulate stomach secretions (3 phases)

A

Cephalic phase, Gastric phase, Intestinal phase

22
Q

Cephalic phase - stimuli and PNS action potentials caused

A

Stimuli - smell or taste food, chewing and swallowing or even the thought of food
PNS - Secretion of stomach mucosa, Increases chief and parietal cell secretion, stimulates secretion of gastrin

23
Q

Gastric phase - stimuli and PNS action potentials caused

A

Stimuli - Enlargement of the stomach, presence of protein

PNS - similar to cephalic phase

24
Q

Intestinal phase

A

Chyme entering the duodenum triggers the enterogastric reflex and reduces gastric secretions

25
Q

How long is the small intestine

A

~ 6 metres long

26
Q

3 parts of the small intestine and their lengths

A

Duodenum (25cm)
Jejunum (2.5m)
Ileum (3.5m)

27
Q

Where do most of the absorption occur in the small intestine

A

Jejunum

28
Q

What hormones does the small intestine secrete and what do they do

A

Cholecystokinin and Secretin

They decrease gastric secretions and stimulate liver and pancrease secretions

29
Q

What enzymes does the small intestine secrete and what do they do

A

Disaccharidases and peptidases

Assists the break down of food