WEEK 9 Flashcards
What is play/ Two types
-Functional: purpose of behaviour, no external goal
-Structural: behaviours performed, play signals, repeated
Features of play:
-Intrinsic motivation
-Positive affect
-Nonliterality
-Flexibility
-Means/ Ends
Garvey’s view on play: (1991)
- Play is pleasurable
- Has no extrinsic goals
3.Is spontaneous - Involves active engagement on part of player
- Has certain systematic relations to what is not play
Parten (1932): 42 children ages 2-4.5
6 categories of social play
- Unoccupied play
- Solitary play
- Onlooker play
- Parallel play
- Associated play
- Cooperate play
What type of play did Piaget propose?
- Practise/ Sensori-motor play
- Symbolic/ Representational play
- Games with rules
*Very simplistic
- Sensori-motor play
- 0-2 years
-Concern with bodily sensation and motor development
-2nd year = gain awareness of functions of objects in social world
Symbolic/ Representational play
-2/6 years of age
-Children are capable of reasoning that one object can symbolise another
-Children learn and take on social roles (and gender roles)
-Act out experiences, role play
- Games with rules
-School age. 5+
- Most prominent form of play in middle childhood
- Explicit rules to govern behaviour
- Children learn to negotiate, reason and compete
What are the Limitations of Piaget’s views on play ?
- Assumes play inextricably linked to cognitive development
-Children only do certain types of play at certain ages
-Limited perspective
-Others challenged Piaget’s theory, such as Garvey (1991)
Why is play important?
- Social and emotional skills
-teamwork
-confidence
-friendships
-cooperation
-negotiation
2.Cognitive skills
-spatial-awareness
-creativity
-intelligence
-hazard
-self-discipline
-perspective taking
-problem solving - Physical Skills
-object-manipulation
-Physical-activity
-balance
-motor skills
