OVERVIEW

Question 1

Overview of topics

Answer 1

• Cognitive Development
• Attachment and deprivation
• Language and literacy
  -Play 1
  -Play 2

Question 2

Overview of Reading

Answer 2

• Chapter 9: Slater and Bremmer
• Chapter 4: Smith, Cowie, Blades
• Chapter 12: Smith, Cowie, Blades
• Chapter 14: Slater, Bremner

Question 3

TOPIC CONTENTS

Answer 3

-Cognitive Development: Piaget, schemas, stage theory, critiques, Vygotsky and Bruner

-Attachment and Deprivation: Bowlby’s 4/5 stages of attachment
Adult attachment interview
Maternal Deprivation hypothesis - Harlow’s monkeys

Question 4

Topic Contents

Answer 4

Language and Literacy: Phonology, Orthography, Semantics, Pragmatics, Theories of language acquisition (Chomsky), behaviourism, Piaget

Play 1: What is play (Fagen, Garvey, Krasnor, Pepler)
Parten’s 6 stages of social play
Piaget’s views on play

Play 2: 4 types of play, Gender roles, Play

Question 5

Key Study: Triplett (1898)

Answer 5

-Task= Fishing reels turned a silk band around a drum which was connected to a pulley by a chord - a flag had to travel around the pulley 4 times
- Conditions: Children were alone or in pairs
-Results: Children were faster, Slower or not impacted by being in a pairs
Faster children= Competitive instincts aroused

Question 6

Self- Discrepancy Theory
Higgins (1987)

Answer 6

Actual self
Ideal Self
Ought self

Question 7

Kelley (1950)

Answer 7

-Introduced a guest lecturer by saying that “People who know him consider him to be a:
1. Rather cold, critical, determined person
2. Very warm, practical, determined person

Condition 1: People were less likely to ask questions, lecturer was rated cold, selfish, humourless

Question 8

Biases

Answer 8

FAE: Attributing other people’s behaviour more to internal rather than situational causes (Ross, 1977)
Actor-observer effect- Tendency to attribute our own behaviours externally and others behaviours internaly (Jones and Nisbett 1972)

Question 9

Social Identity Theory

Answer 9

• Theory of group membership and inter-group relations based on self categorisation, social comparison and the construction of a shared self-definition in terms of in-group defining properties

Salience means that peoples perceptions of themselves and others become depersonalized