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AHP 103 Emergency Care Skills in Paramedic Science > Week 8: Trauma > Flashcards

Week 8: Trauma Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the scene size up?

A
  • safety
  • casualties
  • event
  • needs
  • equipment
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2
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Energy of motion

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3
Q

What are the 3 physical principles?

A
  • kinetic energy
  • newtons first law of motion
  • laws of conservation of energy
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4
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A
  • energy cannot be created or destroyed
  • only changed from one form to another
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5
Q

What is newtons first law of motion?

A
  • body in motion stays in motion unless acted on by outside force
  • body at rest stays in rest unless acted in by outside force
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6
Q

What are the mechanisms of injury?

A
  • three collisions concept
  • motor vehicle collisions
  • falls
  • penetrating injuries
  • blast injuries
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7
Q

How do blunt injuries occur?

A

by a rapid forwards deceleration or a rapid vertical deceleration or energy transfer from blunt objects

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8
Q

How do penetrating injuries occur?

A
  • projectiles
  • knives
  • falls upon fixed objects
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9
Q

What are the two types of trauma?

A

Blunt or penetrating

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10
Q

What are the 5 major types of vehicle collisions?

A
  • head on
  • rear end
  • lateral
  • rotational
  • roll over
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11
Q

What is the three collisions concept?

A

Three impacts occur to:
- vehicle
- occupants
- occupants organs

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12
Q

What 3 factors do fall injuries depend on?

A
  • distance of fall
  • anatomic area impacted
  • surface hit
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13
Q

How are stab wounds identified?

A

Damage confined to wound track

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14
Q

What does brain injury result from?

A
  • direct injury to the brain tissue
  • external forces applied to outside of skull transmitted to the brain
  • movement of brain inside skull
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15
Q

What are types of brain injuries?

A
  • concussion
  • cerebral contusion
  • diffuse axonal injury
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16
Q

Where does a coup injury occur?

A

Under the site of the impact with an object

17
Q

Where does a countercoup injury occur?

A

Occurs on the opposite side to where the injury occoured

18
Q

What is a secondary brain injury caused by?

A

Hypoxia or perfusion of the brain

19
Q

What can a primary injury to the brain cause?

A
  • reduced level on consciousness
  • airway obstruction
  • poor ventilation
20
Q

How would you manage a head trauma patient?

A
  • secure and maintain the airway and c-spine control
  • consider ventilations
  • spo2
  • rr
  • check chest expansion
21
Q

What must you feel for in a head injury?

A
  • feel sides, back, top, and front of the skull
  • feel face, forehead, orbits ion the eyes, cheekbones, nose and jawbone
22
Q

What is the correct management overview for a head injury?

A
  • manage catastrophic bleed, and airway problems
  • continue c-spine immobilisation
  • provide high level of O2
  • consider need for assisted ventilations
  • manage external bleeding
  • request senior support
  • monitor and reassess vital signs
  • equipment available for airway/breathing changes
  • cover patient to prevent heat loss
23
Q

What can blunt trauma cause?

A

Damage underlying structures causing internal bleeding and significant pain

24
Q

What can penetrating trauma cause?

A

Puncture abdominal organs and vessels and promote significant bleeding and leaking or organs contents

25
Q

What can blast injuries cause?

A

Blunt and penetrating injuries

26
Q

What is the correct management overview for impaled objects?

A
  • manage catastrophic bleed and airway problems
  • provide high levels of O2
  • consider assisted ventilations
  • do not push protruding organs back into abdominal cavity
  • cover protruding organs with warm moist dressings
  • handle impaled objects carefully, secure object, if pulsating do not completely immobilise
  • manage external bleeding
  • monitor and reassess
  • seek clinician support for pain relief
  • be alert for thoracic and pelvis injuries
27
Q

What are some signs of internal bleeding?

A
  • signs of shock
  • guarding
  • rigidity
  • pain
  • swelling
  • bruising
28
Q

What is the nemonic for a trauma assessment?

A

Twelve flaps
- tracheal deviation
- wounds to the neck
- emphysema
- laryngeal crepitus
- veins
- evaluate

  • feel
  • look
  • auscultate
  • percuss
  • sides and spine
29
Q

What is the order of a trauma assessment ?

A

CABCDE and TWELVE FLAPS

AHP 103 Emergency Care Skills in Paramedic Science (15 decks)

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