Week 2: Airway & Ventilation

Question 1

Is partial or complete airway obstruction life-threatening?

Answer 1

Both

Question 2

What can causes of obstruction be?

Answer 2

Blood, vomit, foreign bodies, laryngeal spasm, oedema,

Question 3

Where is the most common site of obstruction in an unconscious patient?

Answer 3

Pharynx

Question 4

How would you identify a complete airway obstruction?

Answer 4

Silent and no air movement from the patients mouth and nose

Question 5

What is the Look, Listen and Feel technique?

Answer 5

• Look for chest and abdominal wall movements
• Listen and feel for airflow into the mouth and nose

Question 6

What are the 4 noisy breathing that can be heard in a partial airway obstruction?

Answer 6

Stridor, expiratory wheeze, gurgling, snoring

Question 7

In a severe choking situation with an ineffective cough, what should you do if the patients conscious?

Answer 7

5 back blows
5 abdominal thrusts

Question 8

In a severe choking situation with a ineffective cough, what should you do if the patients unconscious?

Answer 8

Start CPR

Question 9

What does ACVPU stand for?

Answer 9

• alert
• confusion
• voice
• pain
• unresponsive

Question 10

How would you inspect the oropharynx?

Answer 10

Check the inside if the mouth using a cross finger technique

Question 11

How would you clear an airway?

Answer 11

Cross finger technique + Magills forceps or consider the need foe suction using suction unit

Question 12

What are the simple airway manoeuvres?

Answer 12

• Head tilt, Chin lift
• jaw thrust

Question 13

If a cervical spine injury is suspected what manoeuvres is used?

Answer 13

Jaw thrust

Question 14

How would you measure an OPA?

Answer 14

Select an airway length corresponding to the vertical distance between the plane of the patient’s incisors and the angle of the jaw

Question 15

At what age do you not invert the OPA?

Answer 15

Under 8 years old

Question 16

When should you stop and remove an OPA?

Answer 16

Remove if the patient gags or strains

Question 17

How would you size an NPA?

Answer 17

Measure from the tip of the nose to the tragus of the ear, and estimate the diameter of the patients nostril to the diameter of the NPA

Question 18

When should you remove the NPA?

Answer 18

If the patients nose bleeds

Question 19

When would you not use an NPA?

Answer 19

• patient has a history of nose bleeds
• nasal polyps
• patients who cannot tolerate NPA
• Children under 12 years

Question 20

In the presence of a known or suspected fracture of the basal skull what airway is preferred?

Answer 20

Oral airway

Question 21

What are the two types of ventilation?

Answer 21

• Mouth to mask ventilation
• Bag- Valve mask ventilation

Question 22

How can a BVM ventilation be improved?

Answer 22

Via two person BVM ventilation, as it creates a better seal therefore the lungs are ventilated more effectively

Question 23

What must you do to the I-Gel before inserting it?

Answer 23

Lubricate the back sides and front, avoiding getting lubricant on the seal of the I-Gel

Question 24

How do you prevent dislodgement or the I-Gel?

Answer 24

Securing the I-Gel effectively

Question 25

What should you prevent doing when aiding Intubation?

Answer 25

Ensure minimal contact with the ET tube and avoid touching and contaminating the lower tube and cuff

Question 26

What hand do you pass the laryngoscope to?

Answer 26

The left hand

Question 27

What hand do you pass the bougie to?

Answer 27

The right hand

Question 28

How can ongoing ventilations be provided?

Answer 28

• BVM (manual)
• ParaPac (mechanical)

Question 29

What manoeuvres may be required during ET intubation?

Answer 29

• BURP Procedure
• Cricoid Pressure