Week 8: Histology Flashcards
1
Q
ID the organ
A
Ovary
2
Q
ID the region where marker #1 is placed
A
Cortex
3
Q
ID the region where marker #2 is placed
A
Medulla
4
Q
ID the structure indicated by markers #3 and #4
A
Atretic Follicle
5
Q
ID the structure indicated by marker #3
A
Atretic Follicle
6
Q
ID the structure indicated by markers #4 and #5
A
Primordial Follicle
7
Q
ID the structure indicated by marker #6
A
Unilaminar Primary Follicle
8
Q
ID the layer indicated by marker #7
A
Theca Folliculi
9
Q
Name a hormone produced by the cells in the layer indicated by marker #7
A
Androstenedione/testosterone (converted to estrogen by aromatase in granulosa cells)
Theca Folliculi is marker #7
10
Q
ID the structure indicated by marker #8
A
Cumulus Oophorus
11
Q
ID the structure indicated by marker #9.
A
Antrum
12
Q
ID the cell indicated by marker #10.
A
oocyte
13
Q
ID the layer indicated by marker #11
A
Zona Pellucida
14
Q
Name a function of the layer indicated by marker #11
A
- Species restricted binding of sperm to unfertilized eggs - specific protein interactions on the surface that only match with the receptors on sperm.
- Acrosomal Exocytosis - process that happens in the head of sperm cells when the sperm fuses with an egg
- Prevents polyspermy - prevents sperm from binding to a fertilized egg
15
Q
ID the structure in its entirety
A
Antral/Secondary Follicle
16
Q
ID the organ and the specific region
A
Uterine tube/Oviduct and Ampulla or Infundibulum
17
Q
ID the cell type indicated by markers #1 and #3
A
Peg Cell
Note they lack cilia
18
Q
Name a function of the cell type indicated by marker #1 and #3
A
Secrete enzymes for capacitation of sperm
Peg cells are markers #1 and #3
19
Q
ID the organ seen here
A
Prostate Gland
20
Q
ID the organ
A
Seminal Vesicle
21
Q
ID the organ
A
Seminal Vesicle
22
Q
Name an exocrine product of the organ
A
- Fructose
- Ascorbate
- Prostaglandins
- Citrate
FAP C
Seminal Vesicle
23
Q
Name the type of innervation (sympathetic, parasympathetic, or somatic) that this organ receives and the approximate CNS origin of the innervation
A
Sympathetic and T11-L2 lateral horns (T11-L2 levels)
Seminal Vesicle
24
Q
ID the structure seen in this image
A
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
25
ID this organ and is this from a younger or older person?
Ovary and Older
## Footnote
See corpus hemorrhagicum, many atretic follciles, and many corpus albicans. This is from a perimenopause uterus
26
ID this organ and is this from a younger or older person?
Ovary and Younger
## Footnote
huge number of primordial follicles with few other follicles. This is from a fetus
27
ID the organ
Teste
28
ID the structure indicated by marker #7
Tunica Albuginea
29
**ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #1**
Spermatogonia
30
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #2
Sertoli/Nurse Cell
## Footnote
They look like a cat eye
31
Name a function of the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #2.
* Form blood-testis barrier
* Produce Androgen-binding peptide (ABP)
* Produce Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH)
* Nourish/support sperm
* Secrete inhibit and activin
## Footnote
Sertoli/Nurse cells are marker #2
32
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #3
Primary Spermatocyte
33
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #4
Early Spermatid
34
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #5
Late Spermatid
35
ID the structure whose lumen is indicated by marker #6.
Seminiferous Tubule
36
**ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #7**
Leydig (Interstitial) Cell
## Footnote
usually have vaculoles present
37
Name a hormone produced by the cells indicated by marker #7
Testosterone
38
What layer of the uterus is this leiomyoma (fibroid) derived from?
Myometrium
39
What is the predominant tissue seen in this lesion?
Smooth Muscle
## Footnote
Leiomyoma (Fibroid)
40
What are some possible symptoms associated with this lesion?
AUB, anemia, infertility, dysmenorrhea, urinary infrequency, spontaneous mischarriage, and others.
## Footnote
Leimyoma (Fibroid)
41
These lesions are typically found only in women of childbearing age, and are known to grow and in response to estrogenic stimulation and often shrink after menopause. Lesions of this type respond very well to GnRH agonists. Given what you know about the HPO (hypothalamus, pituitary, ovarian axis), propose a brief mechanism for this effect.
GnRH agonists cause a constant release of FSH and LH, which leads to desensitization of the receptors and a hypoestrogenic state that mimics menopause. This causes the lesion to shrink
## Footnote
Leiomyoma (Fibroid)
42
**ID the organ**
Epididymis
43
Name a function of this organ
* Stores sperm
* Maturation of sperm
* Absorbs fluid
* Phagocytoses cell debris
## Footnote
Epididymis
44
ID the organ
Mammary Gland
## Footnote
Active - The presence of numerous alveoli (purple)
Lacteriferous duct - means lactation is occuring. Present in slide and not shown due to magnification
45
Describe the abnormal growth pattern seen here.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) of Glandular tissue (right) and stromal tissue (left)
46
Consider the anatomy of this region. What is the main symptom that may result from prostatic enlargement?
Dysuria
47
Would you see this same pathology in a patient who had been castrated? Why or why not?
No
## Footnote
Hyperplasia of the prostate is caused by excesses testosterone and DHT, without the testes there is none of those hormones
48
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #4
Granulosa Cells
49
Name a hormone produced by the cells indicated by marker #4
Estrogen - convert androgens made in the theca interna cells to estrogens
50
ID the structure indicated by marker #1 and #2
Atretic Follicle
51
Name the region of the organ indicated by marker #3
Infundibulum of Uterine Tube
52
Name the region of the organ indicated by marker #3
Fimbriae of Uterine Tube
53
**ID the organ on the left side of the slide**
Fimbriae and Infundibulum of Uterine Tube
54
ID the organ on the right side of the slide
Ovary
55
A 13-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a 2-week history of abdominal pain. Imaging demonstrated a 10 cm pelvic mass. She underwent surgery to remove the mass and a histologic section is seen here. What is your diagnosis?
Teratoma
56
Discuss the embryological basis for development of this mass
Tumor of primordial germ cells
57
ID the developing structure indicated by marker #1
Developing tooth in the bell stage
58
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
Choroid Plexus
59
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Keratinizied Stratified Squamous Epithelium
60
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Hyaline Cartilage
61
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Retina (Pigmented Epithelium)
62
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar (Respiratory) Epithelium
63
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Cortical Bone
64
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
Hair Follicle
65
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
Hair Follicle
66
ID the tissue indicated by marker #1
Adipose Tissue
67
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
Sebaceous Gland
68
ID the region of the organ
Ampulla or Infundibulum of the Uterine Tube
69
**ID the structure whose lumen is indicated here**
Epididymis
## Footnote
Has non motile stereocilia
70
ID the structure whose lumen is indicated by marker #2
Efferent Ductules
| part of epididymis
## Footnote
motile cilia (no stereocilia)
71
ID the thin dark line indicated by marker #2
Zona Pellucida
72
ID the structure indicated by markers #1 and #2
Multilaminar Primary Follicle
73
ID the structure indicated by marker #3
Cumulus Oophorus
## Footnote
This is a Graafian follicle. All Graafian follicles are secondary follicles, but not all secondary follicles are Graafian follicles.
74
ID the structure indicated by marker #4
Corona Radiata
75
ID the structure whose lumen is indicated by marker #1
Vas/Ductus Deferens
## Footnote
Note the extensive smooth muscle in the tube
76
**ID the structure indicated by marker #1**
Corpus Luteum
## Footnote
**Produces Progesterone and Estrogen**
77
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
(Late) Atretic Follicle
78
ID the structure indicated by marker #1
Corpus Albicans
79
ID the structure in this follicle indicated by marker #3
Antrum
80
ID the organ
Seminal Vesicle
81
Name an exocrine product of the organ
* Fructose
* Ascorbate
* Prostaglandins
* Citrate
| FAP C
## Footnote
Seminal Vesicle
82
Name the region of the organ indicated by marker #1
Isthmus/Intramural of the Uterine Tube
83
ID the phase of the uterine cycle shown here
Resting/Early Proliferative Phase
## Footnote
not a lot of glands formed yet
84
ID the layer of the organ indicated by marker #1
Endometrium
85
ID the layer of the organ indicated by marker #2
Myometrium
86
ID the organ
Esophagus
## Footnote
Note Esophagus has glands. they're at the far left, and the vagina does not. Don't be tricked.
87
What cell of these four cells is haploid?
Marker #2 - Early Spermatid
## Footnote
Marker #4 - Spermatogonium (2n)
Marker #1 - Primary Spermatocyte (2n)
Marker #3 - Sertoli/Nurse Cell (2n)
88
ID the organ
Active Mammary Gland
## Footnote
Active - The presence of numerous alveoli (purple)
No lacteriferous duct means pregnant
89
ID the cell whose nucleus is indicated by marker #1
Peg Cell
90
ID the structure indicated by marker #1 and the stage
Oocyte and Multilaminar Primary Follicle
91
ID this structure
Mature Secondary Follicle / Graafian Follicle
## Footnote
This is a Graafian follicle. All Graafian follicles are secondary follicles, but not all secondary follicles are Graafian follicles.
92
**ID the organ**
Vagina
## Footnote
no glands in lamina propria so not esophagus. Glycation in Squmous layer. Absence of 4 layer GI tube (no muscularis mucosae)
93
**ID the phase of the uterine cycle shown here**
Secretory/Luteal Phase
94
ID the sublayer indicated by marker #2
Lamina/Stratum Functionalis
95
ID the organ
Mammary Gland
## Footnote
Inactive - mostly ducts and not a lot of alveoli
96
ID the organ
Mammary Gland
## Footnote
Active - The presence of numerous alveoli (purple)
Lacteriferous duct - means lactation is occuring
