Week 8 Flashcards
What does morality depend on
Context
What are Kohlberg’s 3 levels of moral development as well as criticism with his ideas
-Preconventional
-Conventional
-Postconventional
His theory only explains moral reasoning not action, may only favor a male perspective, might not be generalized to western societies, doesn’t define context
Describe adolescence
The period of development that is marked by puberty till adulthood
What is puberty
The bodily changes that allow a person to sexually reproduce
Describe the physiology of boys and girls in puberty
Boys and girls produce the same amount of androgens and estrogens until puberty. During puberty, boys make more androgens and girls make more estrogens
Describe primary sex characteristics in females and males
In females, the growth of the vagina, uterus, and ovaries
In boys, the growth of the penis, the testis and the scrotum
Describe secondary sex characteristics for males and females
Males develop facial hair, deeper voices, and larger muscles
Females develop wider hips and larger breasts
What is the spermarche
A males first ejaculation
What is the menarche
A females first period
What affects pubertal timing
- Genetic influences
- Environmental influences (nutrition, health)
What is overproduction
A very fast increase in the production of synaptic connections in the brain, usually at the same time as puberty
What is synaptic pruning
After overproduction, the number of synapses greatly decreasing
Describe adulthood
The state that begins from 18-21 years old and end at death
Describe physical aging in adults
Around the ages 26 and 30, you begin to show a decline physically
What happens at the same time as physical changes
The prefrontal cortex and subcortical connections will deteriorate
What are the three primary factors that affect memory loss
- Environmental factors
- Information processing deficits
- Biological factors
What affects brain development in older people
- Activities they do
- Neurogenesis (generation of new neurons, dendrite growth)
- Less lateralization, more adaptation
How is the left prefrontal cortex activated in young adults
When they engage in verbal working memory
How is the right prefrontal cortex activated in young adults
When they engage in a visuospatial working memory task
Describe socioemotional selective theory
Younger adults acquire info that will help them in the future while older adults seek info that makes them satisfied in the present
How does self esteem fluctuate throughout life
Self-esteem decreases in adolescence, increases and levels off then drops off in the seventies and eighties
What are age stratification theories
Argument that different stages of life, income, power, and privilege are unequally distributed
What may explain old peoples decrease in self esteem
Deteriorating physical health and negative societal attitudes
What are Kubler Ross’ 5 stages of dying
1) Denial and isolation
2) Anger
3) Bargaining
4) Depression
5) Acceptance
What are the issues with Kubler Ross’ stages
The existence of the stages in that order has not been shown and it neglects specific circumstances of the person experiencing death
