Chapter 12 Flashcards
What is psychopathology
The study of psychological disorders
What is the DSM-5
A classification system that describes the features used to diagnose each recognized mental disorder
What is the David Rosenhan study
A test that demonstrated that the label of “mentally ill” guided observations of patients who were being studied
What was Hippocrates’ viewpoint on mental illness
They had natural causes
What was Paracelsus’ viewpoint on mental illness
Unusual behaviour can be attributed to the moon
What is the biopsychological viewpoint on mental illness
Brain disorders are inherited or acquired. They involve imbalanced levels or neurotransmitters or damage to the brain
What is the psychoanalytic viewpoint on mental illness
Unconscious conflicts that originate in childhood lead to disorders
What is the behavioural viewpoint on mental illness
The extinction or punishment of appropriate behaviours leads to mental illness
What is the cognitive approach to mental illness
Mental illness comes from the tendency to think irrationally about ones self or the world
What is the humanistic approach to mental illness
The existence of a difference between ones true self and the self they present in public to meet everyones demands causes mental illness
What is the social cultural approach to mental illness
Social and cultural factors affect mental illness
What is the diathesis-stress approach to mental illness
Stressful life experiences interacting with biological proneness leads to mental illness
What is anxiety disorder
Class of mental disorder in which anxiety is most prevalent
What is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
A disorder that is characterized by chronic and excessive worry that is accompanied by three or more of the following:
- Restlessness
- Fatigue
- Concentration problems
- Irritability
- Muscle tention
- Sleep disturbance
What is panic disorder
Characterized by the sudden occurrence of multiple symptoms that contribute to feelings of terror (panic attacks)
What are phobic disorders
Disorders that are characterized by excessive avoidance of certain things
What is a specific phobia
An anxiety disorder that is characterized by the irrational and intense fear of a particular object
What is a social phobia
Fear of any situation that might cause public scrutiny
What is agoraphobia
Fear of being in public
What is preparedness theory
The idea that people are predisposed towards certain fears
What is obsessive compulsive disorder
A disorder in which repetitive and intrusive thoughts and ritualistic behaviours interfere significantly with how an individual functions
What is major depressive disorder (unipolar depression)
Severe depression for at least two weeks which is characterized by feelings of worthlessness, lack of pleasure, lethargy, and appetite disturbances
What is persistent depressive disorder
Same symptoms as depression except symptoms are less severe and last longer
What is the biopsychological viewpoint on the causation of dperession
Major depression means abnormally low levels of serotonin or norephinephrine
