Week 5 Flashcards
What did Francis Galton state
People with physical abilities have more mental capabilities
What is differential psychology
Investigation of differences in physical, personality, and intellectual traits
What is the deviation IQ
Comparing a persons test score to the mean at those at their age
What is intelligence
The ability for one to solve problems, learn and adapt from an experience, and can only be evaluated indirectly
Is there a correlation between brain size and intelligence
Yes
What is the location of intelligence and the location of the highest levels of thinking, respectively
The frontal lobes and the prefrontal cortex
What contributes to brain size and intelligence
Heredity and environment
What are the two theories of intelligence
1) Intelligence is very broad or general
2) Intelligence consists of distinct abilities
What is factor analysis
A statistical method of assessing patterns of correlations in order to identify mathematically defined factors
What is step one of factor analysis
Collect data in the form of a set of personality measures
What is step two of factor analysis
The scores of each adjective are correlated with the scores of each other adjective
What is step three of factor analysis
The researcher identifies the factor that best account for the observed patterns of correlations
What is step four of factor analysis
Label the factor, which could be subjective
What is Carroll’s hierarchal theory of intelligence
On the outside are broad abilities of intelligence, and on the inside are more narrow abilities
What did Gardner do
Used existing research to make 9 types of intelligence and schools should foster all 9 types of intelligence
What is an intellectual disability
When an individual has low IQ, and difficulty adapting to the demands of everyday life
What is organic intellectual disability
Genetic disorders that lead to intellectual disability
What is cultural-familial intellectual disability
Resulting from growing up in a below average intellectual environment
How is someone deemed as gifted
Having an IQ score of 130 or higher, meaning high intelligence
What are gifted programs
Programs in school systems that select kids with more academic success
What are the characteristic of gifted children
They need minimal help from others and go about solving problems on their own in unique ways, and have a passion to master things
What is the idea of eugenics
Encouraging people who are superior to reproduce while preventing people who are inferior to reproduce
What did Carl Brigham admit
That mistakes were made in assuming lower IQs of immigrants because the test had cultural implications
What is nature
A persons biological inheritence
What is nurture
The entire set of environmental conditions to which someone is exposed
What is heritability
The degree to which variation can be attributed to genetics (measured with the heritability coefficient 0-1)
What is environmentality
Proportion of variance that arises from the environment (1-heritability coefficient)
How does an openness to experiences relate to IQ
It leads to higher IQ
How does occupation relate to IQ
Handling a great deal of information and doing different things leads to higher intellectual flexibility
