Week 10

Question 1

What is personality

Answer 1

A person’s unique, fairly consistent pattern of behaving, feeling, and thinking

Question 2

What are the three levels of consciousness

Answer 2

Conscious, preconscious, and unconscious (unconscious thoughts are the most important)

Question 3

What is repression

Answer 3

Occurs when threatening thoughts or feelings are kept in the unconscious mind.

Question 4

What are the three structures of our personality

Answer 4

id: Inborn biological drives
ego: Directs us to express biological drives in a socially acceptable
superego: moral guide

Question 5

What are defence mechanism

Answer 5

Distortions of reality that allow individuals to escape from feelings of anxiety

Question 6

Regression

Answer 6

Reversion of immature behaviours that have helped alleviate feelings of anxiety in the past

Question 7

Rationlization

Answer 7

Providing socially acceptable reasons to justify inappropriate behaviour

Question 8

Diesplacement

Answer 8

Expressing feelings to a person who is less threatening in place of the more threatening target of those feelings

Question 9

Projection

Answer 9

Taking your own undesirable feelings and attributing them to others

Question 10

Reaction formation

Answer 10

Acting in a manner that is opposite to what you are feeling

Question 11

Sublimation

Answer 11

Using socially acceptable outlets for sexual or aggressive impulses

Question 12

What is fixation and what did Freud believe

Answer 12

Failure to mature beyond a certain psychosexual stage of development. Freud believed that personality stays at 5 years

Question 13

What is an inferiority complex

Answer 13

Motivates individuals to strive for surperiority

Question 14

What is social interest

Answer 14

When the striving helps others and oneself which is the healthiest way to overcome an inferiority complex

Question 15

What is the personal unconscious

Answer 15

The individuals unconscious mind which is the home of repressed memories

Question 16

What is the collective unconscious

Answer 16

The unconscious mind that is shared by everyone with archetypes passed down by ancestors

Question 17

What are archetypes

Answer 17

Images that represent critical aspects shared by humanity

Question 18

What is basic anxiety

Answer 18

Children develop this because of physical and emotional dependence on their parents

Question 19

What is basic hostility

Answer 19

Children must suppress this emotional response in order to gain love from their parents

Question 20

What are the three coping mechanism

Answer 20

• Moving toward others
• Moving against others
• Moving away from others

Question 21

What is the Rorschach test

Answer 21

Individuals will reveal what they see in ink plots

Question 22

What is the Thematic Apperception Test

Answer 22

People are shown 19 cards they must make stories about and then make a story of 1 blank card

Question 23

What is a trait

Answer 23

A fairly enduring characteristic that is inferred by a persons behaviour. Traits are cross-situationally consistent

Question 24

What is Allport’s trait theory

Answer 24

There are three kinds of traits

• Cardinal traits-Affect every aspect of a persons life
• Central traits-Affects many aspects of a persons life
• Secondary traits-Affects few aspects of a persons life

Question 25

What are the three dimensions of personality

Answer 25

- Neuroticism - Psychoticism - Extraversion

Question 26

What is the purpose of the MMPI

Answer 26

To diagnose psychological disorders

Question 27

What is reciprocal determinism

Answer 27

Overt behaviour, environmental factors, and personality traits affect each other

Question 28

Self-efficacy

Answer 28

Belief that a person has that they can perform the behaviours required to perform a certain outcome

Question 29

Collective efficacy

Answer 29

Belief a person has that a group can perform the behaviours required for a certain outcome

Question 30

Experience-sampling method

Answer 30

A participant carries around a beeper that goes off at random times and the participant tells how they feel at that time

Question 31

What is the locus of control scales

Answer 31

Measures the degree to which you think you have control over the outcome of the behaviour

Question 32

What is the self actualization theory

Answer 32

An individuals desire to fulfill they're potential

Question 33

What is are the big 5 traits and what is their heritability coefficients

Answer 33

-Conscientiousness -Agreeableness -Neuroticism -Openness -Extraversion All these traits have a heritability coefficient of about 0.5

Question 34

What are temperaments

Answer 34

responding in certain ways to environmental stimuli and are very stable over time and have a strong influence over personality traits

Question 35

What are the results of high levels of stress in more reactive kids

Answer 35

Higher cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Higher heart rate and neural activity

Question 36

What is a non-shared environment

Answer 36

A unique element of ones environment that aren't experience by others

Question 37

Why is the belief that parental involvement is a personality deciding factor flawed

Answer 37

1. The shared environment on the home has little effect on personality 2. A minority of parents give one treatment to only one child