Week 3 Flashcards
Describe the actions of baby in utero and how it affects them after birth
Baby in utero respond to their mothers speech (ie by kicking) and have the ability to maintain info from utero. As well as that, babies prefer their mothers voices after birth.
Describe speech in newborns and young babies
Making many sounds but no words
Describe speech in 2 month olds
They begin to make vowel sounds
Describe the speech of 6 month olds
Babbling begins (speech like sounds)
Describe the speech of 10-12 month olds
Small words begin to be used
How is speech directed to infants
Speech is more higher pitched, has more intonation, and is slower to maintain of infants
What are phonemes
The smallest unit of sound one can make that are the basic blocks for language that consist of vowel and consonant sounds. Infants can distinguish these sounds, as early as 1 month old
What are morphemes
The smallest meaningful unit of language possible. Words, prefixes or suffixes all cound
What is deep structure
The meaning of a sentence
What is surface structure
How a sentence is worded
Why is it so difficult for infants to identify words
1) There aren’t silent gaps between words
2) They have to pay attention to stressed syllables and language sound patterns
What is fast mapping
Connecting a new word with its referents and not considering its actual meaning
Describe joint attention and how it helps in learning language
Parents will often label items when toddlers touch them, allowing the toddler to associate the word with that object. Learning is more likely to happen when eye contact is made with the object while describing it
What is a holophrase
A one word utterance a child uses that describes more than what that word means
What is underextension
Defining a word too narrowly