Week 7 & 8: Anatomy of the Lower Digestive system

Question 1

Oesophagus constriction points

Answer 1

1. upper esophageal sphincter (C6). 2. Arch of aorta. 3. Left bprincipal bronchus (T4) 4. OesophagIAL HIATUS (T10)

Question 2

Layers of muscle in Stomach

Answer 2

Inner oblique, middle circular, outer longitudinal

Question 3

T or F: The Liver is normally palpable below the rib cage.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Surafaces of Liver

Answer 4

Diaphragmatic (right, superior, anterior, posterior). Visceral - faces downs and back

Question 5

Where do diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces of liver meet

Answer 5

Sharp inferior border

Question 6

Visceral surface of Liver - impressions

Answer 6

Gastric (L), duodenal, colic (R inf), Right Renal, R suprarenal , oesophagus

Question 7

The Visceral surface of the Liver is related to the ___ colic flexure

Answer 7

Right

Question 8

What demarcates Left and Right Lobes of Liver

Answer 8

Falciform ligament

Question 9

T or F: The ligamentum teres connects liver to anterior abdominal wall

Answer 9

F: (Falciform ligament)

Question 10

What is the thickening lower edge of falciform ligament

Answer 10

Ligamentum teres

Question 11

Blood supply to liver

Answer 11

Heaptic artery (oxygenated blood)
Portal vein ( high nutrients)

Question 12

Veinous drainage liver?

Answer 12

2-3 large Heaptic veins - to IVC

Question 13

Bile system - Pathway from liver

Answer 13

L & R hepatic ducts, common hepatic ducts joins cystic duct (from gallbladder) – bile duct, joins main pancreatic duct - hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater), greater duodenal papilla

Question 14

T or F: Pancreas is mostly retroperitoneal

Answer 14

T: tail in splenorenal ligament

Question 15

T or F: Spleen is part of the alimentary system

Answer 15

F: Lymphatic system

Question 16

Position of spleen

Answer 16

Assoc w ribs 9-11. Long axis is oblique and parallel to Rib 10

Question 17

Spleen Impressions

Answer 17

Gastric (sup), Renal (inf border), Colic

Question 18

Gut tube parts

Answer 18

Fore gut (to greater duodenal papilla), Midgut (to 2/3 transverse colon), Hind gut

Question 19

Supply to Foregut

Answer 19

Coeliac trunk - supplies spleen, liver, most pancreas, distal oesophagus etc

Question 20

Drainage of foregut

Answer 20

Splenic vein

Question 21

What connects duodenum to post wall?

Answer 21

Suspensory ligament of duodenum, from left and right crus

Question 22

Extent of duodenum (vert bodies)

Answer 22

L1-L3

Question 23

Internal features of duodenum

Answer 23

Circular folds - pliacae circularis - in all but first few cm (duodenal cap), Minor duodenal papilla (asseccory pancreatic duct), major duodenal papilla (bile _ main pancreatic duct)

Question 24

What is longer? Jejunum or ilium?

Answer 24

Ilium

Question 25

Jejunum features (compared to ililum)

Answer 25

Larger diameter, longer vasa recta, mesentry has less fat, thicker wall, more circular folds, closely packed. THINK - more vascular, wider, more thick, more folds = doing more digesting work so needs more blood etc

Question 26

Ilium features (compared to jejunum)

Answer 26

Smaller diameter, shorter vasa recta, numerus arterial arcades, mesentery contains more fat, thinner wall, less circular folds, PEYERS PATCHES = think less digestion, more immune function

Question 27

Features that distinguish colon

Answer 27

Taenia coli (3), epiploic appendages, haustra/sacculations

Question 28

Curvatures of Rectum

Answer 28

R, L, R

Question 29

Which diaphragmatic attachment lies medial to origin of suspensory ligament of duodenum?

Answer 29

Median arcuate ligament