Week 6: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular system Flashcards
Mediastinum divisions
Superior (above sternal angle) and Inferior - Anterior (in front of heart), middle (heart), Posterior (behind heart)
Heart extends from?
T4 -T9
Heart sits whree in the midline?
1/3 right, 2/3 left
Where is Apex of heart located?
5th intercostal space (Left)
What forms the apex of the heart?
Left Ventricle
What surface of the heart is more anterior?
RA and RV
Sternocostal surface formed by?
RA, RV + parts of Lv and LA
Diaphragmatic surface formed by
LV and RV
What prevents backflow of blood from ventricle to atria during ventricular contraction?
AV valves
What muscles hold the AV valves?
Papillary muscles
What holds the leaflets of AV valves
Chordae tendineae
How many cusps make up semilunar valves?
3 crescent shaped cusps
How do coronary arteries fill with blood?
When aortic semilunar valve fills with blood
Arterial supply to heart?
Coronary arteries
Venous drainage of heart?
Cardiac veins
R Coronary a. branches
in Coronary sinus, R posterior interventricular (descending) artery, R marginal artery (inf border heart)
L coronary artery branches
L anterior interventricular (descending) artery, circumflex artery (in posterior coronary sulcus) branches into L marginal artery
What drains into coronary sinus?
Great, middle and small caridac veins
What drains into RA?
SVC, IVC, Coronary sinus (great, middle, small cardiac veins), Anterior cardiac veins
Ridges inside right ventricles are called ____. Absent from ____
trabeculae carneae, infundibulum of pulmonary trunk
Ridges inside the right atrium are called ____. These are on the ___ wall and ____. These ridges attach to a posterior ridge called the ____.
Musculi pectinati, anterior wall, right auricle, crista terminalis.
what forms a line between the SVC and IVC
crista terminalis
The ____ is on the interarterial septum in the ___.
Fossa ovalis, right atrium
Internal features of LA
majority smooth except form left auricle - rough musculati pectinati
What opens into the LA?
4 pulmonary veins and left AV orifice
The ridges in the left ventricle are called____ absent from the ____
Trabeculae carnae, aortic vestibule
Heart conducting system (top to bottom_
SA node, AV node, AV bundle (of His), Purkinje fibres
Phrenic nerve - CV
motor - diaphragm, Sensory - fibrous and parietal pericardium
Vagus nerve - CV
Parasympathetic autonomic innervation. Motor - decrease HR. Sensory - cardiac reflexes
Symp trunk - CV
Symp aut innervation. Motor - increase HR, Sensory - pain referral chest/arm
The tough inelastic outer layer is called _____ pericardium. Fuses with __, ___ and ____.
Fibrous, sternum, great vessels, diaphragm
