Week 6: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Mediastinum divisions

Answer 1

Superior (above sternal angle) and Inferior - Anterior (in front of heart), middle (heart), Posterior (behind heart)

Question 2

Heart extends from?

Answer 2

T4 -T9

Question 3

Heart sits whree in the midline?

Answer 3

1/3 right, 2/3 left

Question 4

Where is Apex of heart located?

Answer 4

5th intercostal space (Left)

Question 5

What forms the apex of the heart?

Answer 5

Left Ventricle

Question 6

What surface of the heart is more anterior?

Answer 6

RA and RV

Question 7

Sternocostal surface formed by?

Answer 7

RA, RV + parts of Lv and LA

Question 8

Diaphragmatic surface formed by

Answer 8

LV and RV

Question 9

What prevents backflow of blood from ventricle to atria during ventricular contraction?

Answer 9

AV valves

Question 10

What muscles hold the AV valves?

Answer 10

Papillary muscles

Question 11

What holds the leaflets of AV valves

Answer 11

Chordae tendineae

Question 12

How many cusps make up semilunar valves?

Answer 12

3 crescent shaped cusps

Question 13

How do coronary arteries fill with blood?

Answer 13

When aortic semilunar valve fills with blood

Question 14

Arterial supply to heart?

Answer 14

Coronary arteries

Question 15

Venous drainage of heart?

Answer 15

Cardiac veins

Question 16

R Coronary a. branches

Answer 16

in Coronary sinus, R posterior interventricular (descending) artery, R marginal artery (inf border heart)

Question 17

L coronary artery branches

Answer 17

L anterior interventricular (descending) artery, circumflex artery (in posterior coronary sulcus) branches into L marginal artery

Question 18

What drains into coronary sinus?

Answer 18

Great, middle and small caridac veins

Question 19

What drains into RA?

Answer 19

SVC, IVC, Coronary sinus (great, middle, small cardiac veins), Anterior cardiac veins

Question 20

Ridges inside right ventricles are called ____. Absent from ____

Answer 20

trabeculae carneae, infundibulum of pulmonary trunk

Question 21

Ridges inside the right atrium are called ____. These are on the ___ wall and ____. These ridges attach to a posterior ridge called the ____.

Answer 21

Musculi pectinati, anterior wall, right auricle, crista terminalis.

Question 22

what forms a line between the SVC and IVC

Answer 22

crista terminalis

Question 23

The ____ is on the interarterial septum in the ___.

Answer 23

Fossa ovalis, right atrium

Question 24

Internal features of LA

Answer 24

majority smooth except form left auricle - rough musculati pectinati

Question 25

What opens into the LA?

Answer 25

4 pulmonary veins and left AV orifice

Question 26

The ridges in the left ventricle are called____ absent from the ____

Answer 26

Trabeculae carnae, aortic vestibule

Question 27

Heart conducting system (top to bottom_

Answer 27

SA node, AV node, AV bundle (of His), Purkinje fibres

Question 28

Phrenic nerve - CV

Answer 28

motor - diaphragm, Sensory - fibrous and parietal pericardium

Question 29

Vagus nerve - CV

Answer 29

Parasympathetic autonomic innervation. Motor - decrease HR. Sensory - cardiac reflexes

Question 30

Symp trunk - CV

Answer 30

Symp aut innervation. Motor - increase HR, Sensory - pain referral chest/arm

Question 31

The tough inelastic outer layer is called _____ pericardium. Fuses with __, ___ and ____.

Answer 31

Fibrous, sternum, great vessels, diaphragm