WEEK 7: 7.1 Main Endocrine Glands and Hormone Types

Question 1

What is responsible for most communication within the body?

Answer 1

Extracellular chemical messengers

Question 2

What are extracellular chemical messengers?

Answer 2

molecules that are secreted into the extracellular space, that establish control pathways over short/long distances, & include neurotransmitters, autocrine and paracrine mediators and hormones

Question 3

What are the 3 different types of local/long distance chemical messengers?

Answer 3

paracrine
endocrine
autocrine

Question 4

What is a paracrine mediator?

Answer 4

It is a type of chemical signaling involving secreted chemicals acting locally on nearby cells for eg. Histamine

Question 5

What is autocrine?

Answer 5

Chemical signalling in which secreted chemicals act back on the same cells that secreted them. eg. white blood cells synthesising a growth factor.

Question 6

What is endocrine?

Answer 6

chemical signaling in which chemicals defuse into the bloodstream, to reach target cells throughout the body

Question 7

What is the definition of a hormone?

Answer 7

blood borne chemical messengers that carry info to target organs

Question 8

Compare the speed of communication and duration of effect of hormones to the nervous system

Answer 8

speed of communication is slower than the nervous system and the duration of effect is longer

Question 9

Name 7 different functions of the endocrine system

Answer 9

regulation of growth and development, maintaining appropriate water and electrolyte balance, muscle development and strength, blood glucose control, temperature regulation, regulation of mood and emotions, reproductive function

Question 10

what are central endocrine glands?

Answer 10

endocrine structures located in the brain