Week 5: Neuro Anatomy & Physiology- CNS Functional areas; CNS Protective structures Flashcards
In humans, the cerebral cortex is classified as the?
Neocortex
Why is the neocortex consisting of gyri and sulci foldings?
Increase surface area and allow the neocortex to perform more higher order functions
What layer of the brain is the cerebral cortex?
Outermost layer of the brain
What fissure divides the left and right of the cerebral cortex?
longitudinal fissure
what can the shape formed when grey matter and white matter take up space in the brain be called?
cortical ribbons
What is grey matter made up of?
cell bodies, dendrites and synapses
How many layers of the cerebral cortex?
6 (laminar structure)
Can neuronal population and density of these layers vary?
Yes, depending on part of the brain and function
What is another element to the cerebral cortex that contributes to its complex circuitry?
Main cortical cells (pyramidal cells)
What do the organized series of connected neurons form?
a circuit
What is a circuit/column’s function?
They are considered functional units of the cortex, that interact with other columns as a network
Columns extend from ___ layers to ___ layers
Superficial cortical , deep
What are the different cortical fibre types?
commissural fibers, association fibers, projection fibers
What does a commissural fiber do
Connect two cerebral hemispheres
give an example of a commissural fiber
corpus callosum
what are the different sections of the corpus callosum?
rostrum, genu, body, splenium
What does association fiber do?
Connect various parts within the same hemisphere eg. gyrus to gyrus and lobe to lobe, appear U shaped
What is an example of an association fibre?
Cingulum
What is the function of projection fibres?
it connects the cerebral cortex with subcortical regions, like the brainstem and spinal cord
what is an example of a projection fibre?
corona radiata, internal capsule
What is the function of the insular lobe?
sensorimotor, olfacto-gustatory, socio emotional, cognition
Name two different types of association areas in the brain
- Unimodal
-Hetero-modal - Higher order information processing
What 52 sections is the neocortex classified by known as?
Brodmann’s Areas
What is BA 1,2,3
The primary sensory cortex (parietal lobe)
