Week 6 - Fluids and electrolytes Flashcards
What electrolyte is a major regulator of acid-base balance in the body?
Bicarbonate
Which of the following would NOT be a sign or symptom of hyperaldosteronism? See the Case Study assigned for this week to explore this process at a conceptual level.
a. High plasma sodium.
b. Low urine pH.
c. High urine potassium.
d. Metabolic acidosis.
e. Low hematocrit.
Metabolic acidosis.
What electrolyte is critical in triggering release of neurotransmitters into the synapse?
Calcium
What two electrolytes are commonly used as cofactors?
Magnesium and Calcium
What compartment (either individual OR combined) represents the largest volume of body fluids?
a. Plasma.
b. Interstitial fluid.
c. Intracellular fluid.
d. Extracellular fluid.
Intracellular fluid.
What electrolyte is important in blood clotting?
Calcium
(Calcium = Clotting)
Identify the cause(s) of edema
a. Leaking of plasma protein into interstitial space.
b. All listed options could cause edema.
c. Blocked lymphatic vessels.
d. High blood pressure.
e. Liver disease leading to reduced plasma protein production.
All listed options
Our body clearly loses water in a variety of ways, but why is urine not an obligatory loss but feces are?
a. We lose a lot more volume of water in feces than we do in urine, and this makes the loss obligatory.
b. We have fiber in our diet that helps regulate how much water is contained in our feces and thus it is obligatory.
c. We voluntarily control what we drink so we can control when we urinate, but this is not true for feces.
d. We have hormones that manage water loss and urine production, we do not have equivalent hormones regulating feces water content.
We have hormones that manage water loss and urine production, we do not have equivalent hormones regulating feces water content.
What electrolyte is an anion and plays a role in acid-base balance?
Cl-
What hormone(s) impact the activity of the collecting duct? Consider the homework page 16 for perspective on this question.
a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
b. ADH and aldosterone.
c. Aldosterone.
ADH and aldosterone.
What two electrolytes are particularly important in the structure of bones and teeth?
Phosphate and Calcium
Which of the following is NOT an intracellular electrolyte in high concentration?
a. Phosphate ions.
b. Magnesium ions.
c. Potassium ions.
d. Bicarbonate ions.
e. Anionic proteins.
Bicarbonate ions (need to buffer in blood)
When a person rapidly consumes large volumes of water what negative health impacts can result?
a. Dilution of extracellular fluid.
b. All listed options could result.
c. Water intoxication.
d. Hypotonic hydration.
e. Cellular edema.
All listed options
